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5. Lecture 4 Wrought Iron

This lecture covers the properties, production methods, and uses of wrought iron, which is the purest form of iron at about 99.5%. Wrought iron is produced from pig iron through the puddling process, resulting in a material that is tough, ductile, and corrosion-resistant, but has lower strength and higher cost compared to mild steel. Common applications include bolts, rivets, architectural work, and agricultural equipment.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
3 views13 pages

5. Lecture 4 Wrought Iron

This lecture covers the properties, production methods, and uses of wrought iron, which is the purest form of iron at about 99.5%. Wrought iron is produced from pig iron through the puddling process, resulting in a material that is tough, ductile, and corrosion-resistant, but has lower strength and higher cost compared to mild steel. Common applications include bolts, rivets, architectural work, and agricultural equipment.

Uploaded by

mn551933
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LECTURE No.

Wrought Iron (Ferrous Metals)

02/25/2025 1
LECTURE OBJECTIVES

To learn about:

• Wrought Iron

• Production of Wrought Iron


• Uses of Wrought Iron

Prof. Dr. Manzoor Ahmad, Engr. M. Waqar


02/25/2025 2
Akram
Wrought Iron
• Wrought means work: Worked Iron

• Purest form of iron about 99.5 %

• Too much temperature is required to make it suitable


for forging (making different articles)
• It is produced from pig iron

• Many methods to produced wrought iron from cast


iron.
02/25/2025 3
Wrought Iron
• Wrought iron is produced from pig iron by re-melting it in
the puddling furnace.
• Molten metal free from impurities is removed from the
furnace as a pasty mass (in balls form, 35–40 kilogram).
• These balls are subjected to mechanical work both to
squeeze out the slag and to form it into some commercial
shapes.

02/25/2025 4
Composition
• Carbon= 0.02 %

• Silicon = 0.12%

• Sulphur = 0.018%

• Phosphorus = 0.02%

• Slag ( Iron silicate) = 0.07%

Wrought iron is the only ferrous metal that contains siliceous


slag.
02/25/2025 5
Puddling Process

• Mostly commercial wrought iron is produced


by this method
• Pig iron + Iron oxide were put into a shallow
hearth fired with coal, oil or gas.
• All the carbon, Mn, Si and S were oxidized
leaving almost pure iron.
02/25/2025 6
02/25/2025 7
• Melting point of iron increased as it became pure, the
furnace no longer provided a high enough temperature to
keep it molten and become a pasty mass with slag, at about
2600 0F.
• The pasty mass was gathered into balls and sequeezed
mechanically.
• The squeezing ejected surplus mass of slag that left thin
strings of slag embedded in almost pure iron.
• These blooms were then rolled or forged into various
products .
02/25/2025 8
Properties of wrought Iron
• Low strength and higher cost then mild steel
• Tough and shock resistant
• High ductility
• Ease to forge(manufacturing process involving the
shaping of metal using compressive forces. Forging
is often classified according to the temperature at
which it is performed: "cold", "warm", or "hot"
forging.)
• Long pasty range before melting
• Corrosion resistance
02/25/2025 9
Uses
• Bolts, rivets, chain, pipes, rods
• Railway coupling
• Architectural and marine iron work
• Lifting chains
• Agricultural equipments
• Nails, etc

02/25/2025 10
02/25/2025 11
Video: Production of Different articles from
wrought iron

02/25/2025 12
THANKYOU

02/25/2025 13

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