2LT MIKE M HERNANDEZ PAF

REGISTERED CIVIL ENGINEER

MATERIALS ENGINEER 1

SAFETY OFFICER 2

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CLASSROOM RULES:
• Turn your phones into silent mode
• Focus your attention to the discussion
and demonstration
• For attending personal necessities, you
may use the comfort room at the back.

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 Basic Structural
Components of a Building:
An Overview

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 OBJECTIVES
:

• Identify and define the Basic Structural Components of a

Building

• Discuss the purpose and function of each component

• Discuss the materials used and the crucial connections that

hold everything together.

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 REFERENCES:
The Constructor. (2019, June 2). 12 Basic
Components of a Building Structure. The Constructor.
https://theconstructor.org/building/12-basic-compone
nts-building-structure/34024/

‌ Basic Components of a Building You Should Know.

•
(n.d.). Engineering
Discoveries.https://www.engineeringdiscoveries.net/2
019/10/basic-components-of-building-you-
should.html
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Basic Structural
Components of a
Building: An
Overview
This presentation offers a comprehensive
look at the fundamental elements that
constitute the structural framework of a
building.

Building structure components are the

important sections of a building that
together form a complete structure.

Understanding these components is

essential for anyone involved in
construction, architecture, or engineering.
We'll explore how each part contributes to
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the overall stability and integrity of a

structure.
The Foundation:
Ensuring Stability

Purpose
The foundation is the base upon
which the entire building rests. Importance
It's primary function is to A well-constructed foundation is
distribute the building's weight crucial for the longevity and
evenly over the ground, stability of a building. Any
preventing settling or collapse. issues with the foundation can
lead to significant structural
problems down the line.
Framing: The Skeleton of the Structure
1 Purpose 2 Materials
The framing provides the skeletal Framing is typically constructed
structure of a building, from wood, steel, or concrete.
supporting the walls, roof, and Wood framing is common in
floors. It's the framework that residential construction, while
gives the building its shape and steel and concrete are often used
stability. in larger commercial buildings.
Walls: Providing Enclosure and Support
Exterior Walls Interior Walls Materials
Exterior walls provide enclosure Interior walls divide the interior Walls can be constructed from a
and protect the building from the space into rooms and provide variety of materials, including
elements. They also contribute to privacy. They may also be load- wood, concrete, brick, and stone.
the structural support of the bearing, helping to support the The choice of material depends on
building. floors and roof. factors such as cost, aesthetics,
and structural requirements.
Roof: Protecting from
the Elements

Weather Insulation Structural

Protection Support
The roof also plays
The roof is the a crucial role in The roof must be
primary defense insulating the strong enough to
against rain, snow, building, helping to support its own
wind, and sun. A maintain a weight, as well as
well-designed and comfortable interior any snow or wind
constructed roof is temperature and loads. It transfers
essential for reduce energy these loads to the
protecting the costs. walls and
building and its foundation of the
contents. building.
Floors: Creating Horizontal
Planes
Purpose
Floors provide horizontal planes for living or working
within a building. They must be strong enough to
support the weight of people, furniture, and equipment.

Materials
Floor joists can be made of wood, steel, or concrete.
Subflooring is typically made of plywood or oriented
strand board (OSB), while flooring can be made of
wood, tile, carpet, or other materials.
 Beams and Columns: Load-
Bearing Essentials

1 Beams
Beams are horizontal structural members that support
loads over a span. They are typically used to support
floors, roofs, and walls.

2 Columns
Columns are vertical structural members that support
loads from above. They are typically used to support
beams, floors, and roofs.

3 Materials
Beams and columns can be made of wood, steel, or
concrete. The choice of material depends on the load-
bearing requirements and the overall design of the
building.
 Structural Connections: Joining the Pieces
Types
Common types of structural
connections include bolts,
welds, and adhesives. The type
of connection used depends on
Importance
the materials being joined and
Structural the loads being transferred.
connections are
critical for
transferring loads
Design
between different Structural connections must be

structural members. carefully designed to ensure

Weak or poorly that they are strong enough to

designed connections withstand the expected loads.

can lead to structural Engineers use various

failure. calculations and software tools

to design these connections.
Materials: Choosing the Right Ones

1 Performance

2 Cost

3 Sustainability

4 Aesthetics

Selecting appropriate materials is paramount in construction. Factors such as performance under stress,
cost-effectiveness, sustainability, and aesthetic appeal must be carefully considered. The right materials
ensure structural integrity, longevity, and environmental responsibility.
CHECK ON LEARNING
1. What is the primary function of the foundation of a
building?
a.To distribute the building’s weight evenly over the ground
b.To insulate the building
c.To waterproof the building
d.To decorate the building
2. What is the term for the vertical structural elements
that support the beams and floors of a building?

a.Columns
b.Beams
c.Slabs
d.Footings
 ?

a.Columns
b.Beams
c.Slabs
d.Footings
 SUMMARY
Basic Structural Components of a Building
1. Foundation
2. Framing
3. Walls
4. Roof
5. Floors
6. Beams
7. Columns
Conclusion:
Conclusion: Importance of Structural Integri
Understanding the basic structural components of a building is essential for ensuring its safety and longevity. Each
component plays a crucial role in supporting the building and protecting it from the elements.

Proper design, construction, and maintenance of these components are vital for preventing structural problems and
ensuring the building's long-term stability. By paying attention to these details, we can create buildings that are
safe, durable, and sustainable.
END OF PRESENTATION