Scribd
Upload
4 views

DBMS 20-21 Lect-4

The document provides an overview of Database Management Systems (DBMS), including schema definitions, instances, and the roles of a Database Administrator (DBA). It discusses the architecture of a database system, types of users, and various functions of DBMS. Additionally, it covers modeling, entities, attributes, and relationships within databases.

Uploaded by

kakadepatil09
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4 views

DBMS 20-21 Lect-4

The document provides an overview of Database Management Systems (DBMS), including schema definitions, instances, and the roles of a Database Administrator (DBA). It discusses the architecture of a database system, types of users, and various functions of DBMS. Additionally, it covers modeling, entities, attributes, and relationships within databases.

Uploaded by

kakadepatil09
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

Database

Management System

Class : - TY CSE – I
Dr. Deepa Deshpande
Example of Schema
View 1 View 2
Employee : Name External Level Employee : SSN
Employee : Employee : Name
Address Employee Employee :Addres
Name string[25] s
SSN number Employee : Salary
Address string[50]
Conceptual/Logical Level
Salary number

Attribute Length
Name 0-24
SSN 25-26
Address 27-76 Internal/Physical Level
Salary 77-78
Department of Computer Science &
Engineering 02/26/2025 2
Instances & Schema
 Schema
◦ is a description of database structure
◦ logical structure of database
 Instance :
◦ is set of data that fits in description
◦ actual contents of database at a particular point of time
◦ also called as database state or occurrence
 One schema may have many instances
 Difference between schema & state
◦ At design time schema is defined and state is empty state
◦ State changes each time data is inserted or updated, schema
remains the same
Department of Computer Science &
Engineering 02/26/2025 3
Examples
Roll Number Name Contact
Instance at time T1
506101 Deepa 9822475431
Deshpande
Roll Number Name Contact
Instance at time T2
506101 Deepa 9822475431
Deshpande
506102 aaaaa 9833442261
506103 bbbbb 8687543216
Roll Number Name Contact
Instance at time T3
506101 Deepa 9822475431
Deshpande
506102 aaaaa 9833442261
506105 cccccc 8688985654

Department of Computer Science & Engineering 02/26/2025 4


Database Schema

Department of Computer Science & Engineering 02/26/2025 5


Database Schema
Bad Design

Stude Studen Student Cours Cours Marks


nt_id t_Nam _Address e_id e_nam
e e

Good Design

Stude Studen Student


nt_id t_Nam _Address
e

Cours Course Studen Cours Mark


e_id _name t_id e_id s

Department of Computer Science &


Engineering 02/26/2025 6
DBA : Database Administrator
 DBA is a person who has central control over both data &
application programs
 Schema definition & modification
 Overall structure of database is known as database schema. It
is responsibility of DBA to create the database schema
 Security enforcement & administration
 Adding removing users, auditing & checking for security
problems
 Data Analysis
 Routine maintenance checks
 Periodically take backups in order to be able to recover from
any H/W or S/W failure

Department of Computer Science &


Engineering 02/26/2025 7
Summary
 What is DBMS?
 Database
 Management System
 Why Database?
 File processing System Vs DBMS
 Examples of Database Applications
 Major components of Database System
 Data, Hardware, Software, Users
 Types of Users
 Application Programmers, End Users, Database Programmers,
DBA
 Functions of DBMS
 DDL,DML, Data Security & Integrity, Data Recovery &
Concurrency, Data Dictionary, Performance

Department of Computer Science & Engineering 02/26/2025 8


Summary(cont.)
 Architecture for a database system
 External /view level
 Conceptual /logical level
 Internal/Physical level
 Mapping
 Data independence
 Logical data independence
 Physical data independence
 Data Abstraction
 Schema Vs Instance
 Role of DBA

Department of Computer Science & Engineering 02/26/2025 9


Modeling
 A database can be modeled as
 Collection of Entities
 Relationship among Entities
 Entity –Relationship Diagram

Department of Computer Science &


Engineering 02/26/2025 10
Entity
 An Entity is an object that exists and is
distinguishable from other objects
 E.g. person, department, company, student
 Entities have attributes – descriptive properties

possessed by an entity
 E.g. student- rollno, name ,address, phone
 Entity set is a set of entities of the same type that

share the same properties


 E.g. set of students

Department of Computer Science & Engineering 02/26/2025 11


Attributes
 Descriptive properties possessed by an entity
 Domain – set of permitted values for each attribute
 Types of attributes
 Simple attribute – e.g. roll-no
 Composite attribute – e.g. name (first name, middle
name, last name)
 Single valued attribute – e.g. roll-no
 Multi-valued attribute – e.g. phone number
 Derived attributes – e.g. age ( can be derived from
DOB)
 Key attribute

Department of Computer Science &


Engineering 02/26/2025 12
Attributes

Department of Computer Science &


Engineering 02/26/2025 13
Relationship
 Relationship – association among several entities

 Degree of relationship – It is defined as the number of entities associated


with the relationship

 There are three types of degree of relationship


 Unary or recursive relationship ( employee – manager)
 Binary relationship ( student – department)
 Ternary relationship ( student – project - faculty)

 Types of relationship
 One – One e.g. student-department
 One – Many e.g. customer- order
 Many – One e.g. order - product
 Many – Many e..g student - project
Department of Computer Science & Engineering 02/26/2025 14
Thank You

Department of Computer Science &


Engineering 02/26/2025 15

You might also like