Scribd
Upload
13 views

CHINA-

The document discusses the intellectual revolution in ancient China, highlighting significant advancements in various fields such as astronomy, medicine, and engineering, including the invention of paper and movable type printing. It also mentions key figures like Wei Boyang, Cai Lun, and Bi Sheng, who contributed to these developments. Additionally, the document addresses the impact of Confucianism and Taoism on Chinese society and the controversies faced during this intellectual transformation.

Uploaded by

florencedago08
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
13 views

CHINA-

The document discusses the intellectual revolution in ancient China, highlighting significant advancements in various fields such as astronomy, medicine, and engineering, including the invention of paper and movable type printing. It also mentions key figures like Wei Boyang, Cai Lun, and Bi Sheng, who contributed to these developments. Additionally, the document addresses the impact of Confucianism and Taoism on Chinese society and the controversies faced during this intellectual transformation.

Uploaded by

florencedago08
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 24

INTELECTUAL

REVOLUTION IN CHINA
CHINA

• East Asian country with a large territory.


• Ancient China was built among the two main rivers-first
the yellow river (Huang He) in the North and letter the
Yangtze in the South.
• China is the one of the most oldest civilizations.
• The world most populous country (Asia) with a
population of over 1.35 billion.
• In the field of astronomy,they made significant records
on supernovas,lunar and solar eclipses and comets.
• THEY OBSERVED THE HEAVENLY BODIES TO UNDERSTAND
WEATHER CHANGES AND SEASONS.
• THEY USED LUNAR CALENDARS.
• KNOWN IN THE FIELD OF SEISMOLOGY
• DURING THIS TIME TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE ALSO
FLOURISHED.THEIR ORIENTAL MEDICAL PRACTICES WERE
INFLUENCED BY ELEMENTS
FIRE,WATER,METAL,EARTH,WOOD AND TBE YIN-YANGS
BALANCE.
• DISEASES WERE CAUSED BY IMBALANCES.HENCE IN ORDER
TO BE CURED.THE PHYSICIAN HAS TO PRACTICE MOVING
THE CHI USING ACUPUNCTURE,ACUPRESSURE,HERBAL
THERAPIES,EXERCISE AND PRESCRIPTION DIET.
ACCUPRESSURE-
ACUPUNCTURE- A PROCEDURE OF INSERTING NEEDLES INTO
THE SKIN RELIEVE AND CYRE THE DISEASES INSIDE THE BODY.
Moxibuston

Performwd by burning smalll cones of dries leaves on


certain designated points of the body
THE GREATEST INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE ANCIENT CHINA

• THE MOST KNOWN INFRASTRUCTURE OF CHINA IS THE "GREAT


WALL’’ BUT THE MOST ECONOMICAL, SOCIAL,AND TECHNICAL
INFRASTRUCTURE WAS THE "GRAND CANAL’’ COMPLETED IN
1327 THAT STRETCHED THROUGHOUT CHINA,ALLOWING THE
PRODUCTION AND TRADING FASTER.
• THE "GRAND CANAL" ALSO REPRESENTED THE POWERFUL
CHINESE STATE'S,ABILITY TO ENGINEER VAST REGIONS:THEY
CONNECTED SMALLER WATERWAYS TO MAIN RIVERS,OPENING
UP WHERE GOODS AND PEOPLE COULD TRAVEL.
KEY
FIGURES
Wei Boyang

• Was a notable Chinese writer


• Alchemist of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
• He is the author of The Kinship of the Three
• The first person to have documented the chemical
composition of gunpowder in 142 AD.
Gun Powder-The military engineers found gunpowder to be
helpful in siege warfare, leading to the development of early
types of rackets, cannons, bombs and mines.
CAI LUN

• COURTESY NAME: JINGZHONG


• FORMERLY ROMANIZED AS TS'AI LUN,
• WAS A CHINESE EUNUCH COURT OFFICIAL OF THE
EASTERN HAN DYNASTY.
• HE IS TRADITIONALLY REGARDED AS THE INVENTOR
OF PAPER AND THE MODERN PAPERMAKING
PROCESS.
Paper-Helps ancient Chinese spread literatures and literacies
and it was used for many other purposes.
BI SHENG

• FATHER OF TYPOGRAPHY
• CHINESE ARTISAN
• ENGINEER
• INVENTOR OF THE WORLD'S FIRST
MOVABLE TYPE TECHNOLOGY, WITH
PRINTING BEING ONE OF THE FOUR GREAT INVENTIONS.
• BI SHENG'S SYSTEM WAS MADE OF CHINESE PORCELAIN AND WAS
INVENTED BETWEEN 1039 AND 1048 IN THE SONG DYNASTY.
MOVABLE PRINTING PRESS

• EARLIER, CHINESE PEOPLE HAD INVENTED BLOCK PRINTING, WHICH EMPLOYED


ENGRAVED WORDS ON WOODEN BLOCKS TO PRINT WITH INK ON A
BOARD/PAPER. BLOCK PRINTING USED LOTS OF WOODEN BOARDS AND BECAME
USELESS AFTER ONE USAGE. ERRORS ON THE BOARD COULDN’T BE CHANGED
EITHER.
MOVABLE CLAY TYPE
PRINTING

The individual symbols


could be arranged to
spell out a message
that would be dipped
in ink and pointed onto
silk.
• DURING THE SONG DYNASTY, BI SHENG CARVED INDIVIDUAL
CHARACTERS ON FINE CLAY PIECES, WHICH COULD BE USED
AGAIN AFTER THE PRINTING WAS FINISHED. BI SHENG’S GREAT
INNOVATION GAVE BIRTH TO A REVOLUTIONARY PRINTING
METHOD, SO HE IS CALLED THE “FATHER OF TYPOGRAPHY”. HIS
TECHNIQUE THEN SPREAD TO KOREA, JAPAN, VIETNAM, AND
EUROPE.
• MOVEABLE CLAY TYPE PRINTING COULD BE MORE EASILY USED IN
THE WEST DUE TO THE SMALL NUMBER OF ENGLISH LETTERS
(COMPARED TO THE NUMBER OF CHINESE CHARACTERS). THIS
PRINTING TECHNIQUE MADE A GREAT CONTRIBUTION TO
WESTERN CIVILIZATION AS MANY MORE COPIES OF BOOKS WERE
PRINTED MUCH FASTER, LEADING TO A WIDER SHARING AND
DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION, KNOWLEDGE, AND
GAN DE (CHINESE: 甘德 ; FL. 4TH CENTURY BC),

• ALSO KNOWN AS THE LORD GAN


(GAN GONG),
• WAS AN ANCIENT CHINESE ASTRONOMER
• ASTROLOGER BORN IN THE STATE OF QI.
• KNOWN FOR HIS STAR CATALOGUE AND
HIS STUDIES OF SUNSPOTS.
• WAS ONE OF THREE SCHOLARS WHO INDEPENDENTLY
DEVELOPED A STAR CATALOGUE THAT WOULD, CENTURIES
LATER, BE INCLUDED IN A SINGLE STAR MAP. AS FOR HIS STUDIES
OF SUNSPOTS, WHICH HE DESCRIBED AS ECLIPSES THAT BEGAN
AT THE CENTER OF THE SUN AND MOVED OUTWARD, GAN DE'S
WORK IN THIS REGARD WAS ABOUT 12 CENTURIES AHEAD OF
THE WEST: ONLY IN A.D. 807 DID A EUROPEAN SCIENTIST
MENTION SUNSPOTS
SOME OF CHINESE INVENTIONS;

• RICE FIELD PLOW


• WHEEL BARROW
• SILK PRODUCTION
• CROSSBOW
• UMBRELLA
• PORCELEIN
• FISHING REEL
• EARTHQUAKE MONITOR
• SUSPENSION BRIDGES
CONFUCIUS

• Known us "Master Kong"


• One of the most commonly
called Chinese Philosopher.
• He proposed civil exam to promote order.
• He emphasized his philosophies in the importance of
tradition, etiquette, respect to elders and patriarchs. He
focuses on early human world. Living the philosophies of
China.
CONFUCIANISM

• Is an ethical system rather than a religion.(Ethics deal with human


behavuor and conduct).
• Emphasized personal and governmental morality, correctness of
social relationships, justice and sincerity.
Great wall of China was built to protect themselves from the "
Invasions of barbarians" from other parts of Asia.
• Also known as Laozi or Lao-Tze.
• Chinese Philosopher credited
with founding the philosophical
system of Taoism.
LAO-TZU
Taoism
• Based on the ideological beliefs that the tao is the single,
fundamental, truth of the universe. This means that we are all one
in all within one single universe.
• He believed "Simplicity" to be the key to truth and freedom.
HOW DID THE REVOLUTION ADVANCE MODERN SCIENCE AND
SCIENTIFIC TIME AT THAT TIME

• IN CHINA'S CASE,REVOLUTION COMPLETELY OVERHAULED


THE SOCIETY,AND MADE BUILDING THE NEW WITH
ADVANCE MODERN SCIENCE AND SCIENTIFIC THINKING
POSSIBLE.
• IT ALTERS THE SCIENCE BEHIND WHY MANY THINGS OCCUR,
AS WELL AS WHAT PEOPLE BELIEVE THAT ACTUALLY OCCURS.
IT ALLOW PEOPLE TO BEGIN TO DOUBT THAT WHAT THEY
ARE BEING TOLD BY THE WORLD IS INCORRECT, AND THAT IS
SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE TO PROVE.
WHAT CONTROVERSIES MET THE REVOLUTION

• ENCOUNTERED PROBLEMS AND CONFLICTS IN PARTICULAR


BECAUSE OF OTHER ANCIENT CHINESE INTELLECTUALS THAT
MADE THEM UNABLE TO ACCEPT THE IDEAS OF LAWS OF NATURE.
• THE MAY FOURTH MOVEMENT FOCUSED ON OPPOSING
CONFUCIAN CULTURE AND PROMOTING A NEW CULTURE. AS A
CONTINUATION OF THE NEW CULTURE MOVEMENT, THE MAY
FOURTH MOVEMENT GREATLY INFLUENCED THE CULTURAL FIELD.

You might also like