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Digestive System

The document outlines a lesson plan for an 8th-grade science class focused on the digestive system, including classroom rules and interactive activities. It details the functions and roles of various digestive organs such as the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and accessory organs like the liver and pancreas. The lesson aims to help students understand the digestive process and its importance in nutrient absorption and waste elimination.

Uploaded by

Allan Mark Gamboa
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
7 views

Digestive System

The document outlines a lesson plan for an 8th-grade science class focused on the digestive system, including classroom rules and interactive activities. It details the functions and roles of various digestive organs such as the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and accessory organs like the liver and pancreas. The lesson aims to help students understand the digestive process and its importance in nutrient absorption and waste elimination.

Uploaded by

Allan Mark Gamboa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SCIENCE 8

QUARTER 4
1. RAISE YOUR HAND BEFORE
SPEAKING
2.LISTEN WHEN OTHERS ARE
TALKING
3.KEEP HANDS AND FEET TO
YOUSELF
4.BE GOOD FRIEND TO
EVERYONE
5.ALWAYS TRY YOUR BEST
LE T’ S OBSE RV E !

Each student is given two crackers.

• Step 1: Put a regular cracker into the


mouth and chew.
• Step 2: Place a new cracker in the
mouth and let it sit for 2 minutes.

Let’s discuss students’ observations:


• Initial feeling
• Changes after 2 minutes
• Chewing process
DID YOU KNOW?
On average, a person produces about 1 to 1.5
liters of saliva per day!
MOT IVATI ON A L

Directions: The teacher


will ask the learners to
form a circle, they have a
provided crumpled paper
for them to pass while
the song is played, the
last learner who holds
the paper will be the one
to answer the teacher’s
questions.
S ON OB J E C T IV E S
LE S

a.)identify the b.)give the c.)describe how


organs that make function of each some accessory
up the digestive organ; organs and glands
system; help the body in the
digestive process.
1: P IC K ME
ACTIVITY
UP !

Directions: Identify the five


organs that are part of the
Digestive System from among
the picture in the box below.
Write only the letters
corresponding to your answer
on separate sheet of paper.
A B C D

E F G
Y OU TH IN K
WHAT DO
L E SS ON F OR
IS OUR
TODAY?
SY STE MS
THE BODY

DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
LET’ S DISCU SS

DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
Digestive System is one of the most
essential systems in the human
body, responsible for breaking down
food, absorbing nutrients, and
eliminating waste.
LET’ S DISCU SS

It collaborates with various other


systems to ensure that the body
receives the energy and nutrients
needed for optimal functioning.
V E ORG A N S
DIGESTI

MOUTH
The mouth is the first organ in the
digestive system. It serves several
essential functions:

• Ingestion: Food enters the mouth,


allowing the initial stage of digestion.
• Mechanical Digestion (Chewing): Teeth
break down large food pieces into
smaller ones.
E ORG A N S
DIGESTIV

ESOPHAGUS
The esophagus ensures the smooth
movement of food from the mouth to the
stomach, allowing for efficient digestion
and nutrient absorption.

Unlike the stomach and small intestine, the


esophagus does not secrete digestive
enzymes. Its primary function is to
facilitate the passage of food.
E ORG A N S
DIGESTIV

STOMACH
The stomach is a hollow muscular organ
that holds food while it is being mixed with
stomach enzymes.

Its key functions include temporary food


storage, mechanical digestion (through
muscular contractions), chemical digestion
(via acids and enzymes), and controlled
emptying of partially digested food into the
small intestine.
E ORG A N S
DIGESTIV

SMALL
INTESTINE
The small intestine's main functions
include breaking down food, absorbing
nutrients, and moving the intestinal
contents along the digestive tract.
Specifically, the small intestine absorbs
carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. It plays a
vital role in digestion, ensuring efficient
nutrient absorption and waste elimination.
E ORG A N S
DIGESTIV

LARGE
INTESTINE
The large intestine, also known as the
colon, follows the small intestine and
extends to the anal canal, where food
waste exits the body. The large intestine
performs several essential functions, such
as absorbing water and electrolytes,
forming stool, facilitating bacterial
fermentation, and protecting against
infections.
E ORG A N S
DIGESTIV

PANCREAS
The pancreas is located behind the
stomach; it performs two key functions:
it produces enzymes that break down
sugars, fats, proteins, and starches
during digestion.
E ORG A N S
DIGESTIV

LIVER
The liver, the largest organ in the body,
performs essential functions within the digestive
system.

The liver continually produces bile, aiding fat


digestion and nutrient absorption. It processes
toxins and removes them from the blood. The
liver creates substances necessary for blood
clotting after injury. It helps maintain healthy
blood sugar levels.
E ORG A N S
DIGESTIV

GALLBLADDER
The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped
organ located beneath the liver. Its
primary role in the digestive system is
to store and concentrate bile produced
by the liver.

Bile is a sticky, yellow-green digestive


fluid produced by the liver and stored in
the gallbladder. Its primary function is to
break down fats into fatty acids during
digestion.
E ORG A N S
DIGESTIV

RECTUM AND
ANUS
The rectum connects the large intestine
to the anus. It acts as a reservoir where
stool accumulates before being ready
for elimination. The anus marks the exit
point for food waste. Muscles, nerves,
and mucous membranes work together
to facilitate healthy bowel movements
that you can control.
ACCESSORY
ORGANS AND
GLANDS
SALIVARY
GLANDS
These glands (parotid,
submandibular, and sublingual)
secrete saliva, which contains the
enzyme amylase that begins the
breakdown of carbohydrates in the
mouth.
Try thisSaliva
background alsoformoistens
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before swallow.
LIVER

The liver produces bile, a digestive


fluid that helps break down fats
into smaller droplets through
emulsification, making it easier for
enzymes to digest them. Bile is
stored
Try in the gallbladder
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class.
needed.
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The digestive system breaks down food, absorbs
nutrients, and eliminates waste, working with
other systems to maintain health. It includes
major organs like the mouth, stomach,
intestines, and accessory organs such as the
liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and salivary glands.
These organs produce enzymes and bile to aid
digestion, ensuring efficient nutrient absorption
for the
Trybody's needs.for an online
this background
class.
*Please delete this section before downloading.
IT Y 2: I F IL L
ACTIV
YOU
Directions: Label the main organs
involved in the digestive system
in the figure and answer the
questions that follow. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of
paper.
P LE C H OIC E
MULTI
1.What is the primary function of the digestive system?
a) Producing blood cells
b) Breaking down food and absorbing nutrients
c) Pumping oxygen throughout the body
d) Controlling body temperature

2. Which organ is responsible for mechanically breaking down food


in the digestive system?
a) Esophagus
b) Stomach
c) Mouth
d) Liver
P LE C H OIC E
MULTI

3. What is the semi-liquid substance formed in the stomach after


food is broken down?
a) Bile
b) Chyme
c) Saliva
d) Mucus

4. Where does most nutrient absorption occur in the digestive


system?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Esophagus
P LE C H OIC E
MULTI

5. Which accessory organ produces bile to help digest fats?


a) Pancreas
b) Gallbladder
c) Liver
d) Stomach

6. What is the role of the pancreas in digestion?


a) Produces bile
b) Stores food
c) Produces digestive enzymes
d) Absorbs water
P LE C H OIC E
MULTI

7. Which organ stores bile before it is released into the small


intestine?
a) Liver
b) Gallbladder
c) Pancreas
d) Esophagus

8. What enzyme in saliva helps break down carbohydrates?


a) Lipase
b) Protease
c) Amylase
d) Pepsin
P LE C H OIC E
MULTI
9. Which part of the digestive system is responsible for absorbing water
and forming waste?
a) Small intestine
b) Large intestine
c) Stomach
d) Liver

10. What substance neutralizes stomach acid before food enters the
small intestine?
a) Amylase
b) Bile
c) Bicarbonate
d) Protease
U N RAV E L IN G
DIGESTION
Instruction:
Create an illustration of the human
digestive system and label its parts.
Include the functions of at least five
major organs involved in the digestive
process.

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