Scribd
Upload
4 views

Dna vs Rna Lecture 2.0

The document outlines the differences between DNA and RNA, including their structures, roles in protein synthesis, and the processes of DNA replication, transcription, and translation. It emphasizes the importance of enzymes such as helicase, polymerases, and ligases in these biological processes. Additionally, it highlights the central dogma of molecular biology, which describes the flow of genetic information.

Uploaded by

thepogimankiro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4 views

Dna vs Rna Lecture 2.0

The document outlines the differences between DNA and RNA, including their structures, roles in protein synthesis, and the processes of DNA replication, transcription, and translation. It emphasizes the importance of enzymes such as helicase, polymerases, and ligases in these biological processes. Additionally, it highlights the central dogma of molecular biology, which describes the flow of genetic information.

Uploaded by

thepogimankiro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 22

DNA vs RNA

Prepared by: Celso L. Latosa


https://labster-image-manager.s3.amazonaws.com/v2/NAP/2496ca78-fcf8-4143-b537-b6bd3509601c/NAP_DNALocation.en.x1024.png
Learning
Competencies/Objectives
Explain how a protein is made using information from DNA.
a. identify the role of DNA and RNA in protein synthesis
b. describe DNA replication
c. relate DNA replication to its complementary structure
d. describe transcription and translation.
DNA RNA
SUGAR Deoxyribose Ribose

BASES A, T, G, C A, U, G, C
STRAND
Double strands Single strands
S
HELIX YES NO
https://labster-image-manager.s3.amazonaws.com/v2/NAP/
4963af1e-a76c-4f7f-b2ff-90f7b8d0a349/
NAP_DNAStructure.en.x1024.png
CENTRAL DOGMA
OF MOLECULAR
BIOLOGY
Prepared by:
Celso L. Latosa
THE CENTRAL DOGMA
DNA REPLICATION

It is important that new copies are


exactly like the original molecule.

When DNA replicates, two identical


copies of DNA molecules are produced,
which are the same as the original.
ENZYMES

help speed up chemical reactions in


A helicase is defined
as an enzyme that
catalyzes the
separation of double-
stranded nucleic
acids into single
strands in an ATP-
dependent reaction,
playing a crucial role
in various DNA-
related processes
such as replication,
repair, and
transcription.
Polymerases are
enzymes that
catalyze the
synthesis of a DNA
or RNA polymer with
sequence
complementary to
the original template.
A helicase is defined as an enzyme that catalyzes the separation
of double-stranded nucleic acids into single strands in an ATP-
dependent reaction, playing a crucial role in various DNA-related
processes such as replication, repair, and transcription.
Primase is an enzyme that synthesizes short RNA sequences
called primers. These primers serve as a starting point for
DNA synthesis. Since primase produces RNA molecules, the
enzyme is a type of RNA polymerase.
Ligases are enzymes that are capable of catalyzing the reaction of
joining two large molecules by establishing a new chemical bond,
generally with concomitant hydrolysis of a small chemical group on
one of the bulky molecules or simply linking of two compounds
together
PRIMER

You might also like