WATER POLLUTION

SCIENCE ACTIVITY
Agenda
innovativ • WHAT IS WATER POLLUTION? - ANKEET

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• CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION- ADITI
• CATEGORIES OF WATER POLLUTION- SAANCHI

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• EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION- EKAAGAR
• HOW CAN WE PREVENT WATER POLLUTION- TEENAA

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 WHAT IS WATER POLLUTION?
• WATER POLLUTION IS THE CONTAMINATION OF WATER BODIES, USUALLY AS A RESULT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES, IN
SUCH A MANNER THAT NEGATIVELY AFFECTS ITS LEGITIMATE USES.
• WATER POLLUTION REDUCES THE ABILITY OF THE BODY OF WATER TO PROVIDE THE ECOSYSTEM SERVICES THAT IT
WOULD OTHERWISE PROVIDE. WATER BODIES INCLUDE FOR EXAMPLE LAKES, RIVERS, OCEANS, AQUIFERS,
RESERVOIRS AND GROUNDWATER.
• WATER POLLUTION RESULTS WHEN CONTAMINANTS ARE INTRODUCED INTO THESE WATER BODIES. THE MAIN
INDUSTRIAL CONSUMERS OF WATER (USING OVER 60% OF THE TOTAL CONSUMPTION) ARE POWER PLANTS,
PETROLEUM REFINERIES, IRON AND STEEL MILLS, PULP AND PAPER MILLS, AND FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES.
• SOME INDUSTRIES DISCHARGE CHEMICAL WASTES, INCLUDING SOLVENTS AND HEAVY METALS (WHICH ARE TOXIC
AND OTHER HARMFUL POLLUTANTS SUCH AS NUTRIENTS. CERTAIN INDUSTRIES (E.G. FOOD PROCESSING)
DISCHARGE HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (BOD) AND OIL AND GREASE.
• SOME INDUSTRIAL DISCHARGES INCLUDE PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS SUCH AS PER- AND
POLYFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCES

- Ankeet Aryan
CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION
• Some of the causes of water poll
• Industrial Waste.
• Sewage and Wastewater.
• Mining Activities.
• Marine Dumping.
• Accidental Oil Leakage.
• The burning of fossil fuels.
• Chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
• Leakage From Sewer Lines.
• Global Warming
• Improper Sewage Disposal.
• Fertilizer Run-Off.
• Oil Spills.
• Chemical Waste Dumping.
• Radioactive Waste Discharge.
• Damming of rivers
-Aditi Vija
 CATEGORIES OF WATER POLLUTION
THE POLLUTION AFTER CONTAMINATED AIR, WATER POLLUTION AFFLICTS OUR RIVERS,
LAKES, RESERVOIRS, GROUNDWATER, AQUIFERS AND ALSO THE SEAS AND OCEANS
THAT COVER THE MAJORITY OF OUR PLANET. THE TYPES OF WATER POLLUTION ARE AS
FOLLOWS:
CHEMICAL POLLUTION: THE MOST COMMON TYPE OF WATER POLLUTION,
CHEMICALS CAN INFILTRATE BOTH UNDERGROUND WATER SOURCES AND
THOSE SITTING ON THE EARTH’S SURFACE.
• GROUNDWATER POLLUTION : AGRICULTURE IS A KEY SOURCE OF WATER
POLLUTION, ESPECIALLY FOR GROUNDWATER. FERTILISERS AND PESTICIDES APPLIED
TO CROPS CAN SEEP INTO THE GROUND AND CONTAMINATE UNDERWATER RIVERS
AND WATERBEDS, THUS COMPROMISING THE QUALITY OF WELLS, BOREHOLES AND
OTHER PLACES FROM WHICH GROUNDWATER IS EXTRACTED FOR HUMAN USE.
• MICROBIOLOGICAL POLLUTION: THIS IS A NATURALLY OCCURRING FORM OF
WATER CONTAMINATION. MICROORGANISMS SUCH AS BACTERIA, PROTOZOA AND
VIRUSES CAN INFILTRATE WATER SUPPLIES, CAUSING DISEASES SUCH AS BILHARZIA
AND CHOLERA.
• NUTRIENT POLLUTION: WHILE THEY’RE VITAL FOR UNDERWATER FLORA AND
EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION
• WATER BODIES IN THE VICINITY OF URBAN AREAS ARE
EXTREMELY POLLUTED. THIS IS THE RESULT OF DUMPING
GARBAGE AND TOXIC CHEMICALS BY INDUSTRIAL AND
COMMERCIAL ESTABLISHMENTS.
• WATER POLLUTION DRASTICALLY AFFECTS AQUATIC LIFE. IT
AFFECTS THEIR METABOLISM, BEHAVIOR, CAUSES ILLNESS
AND EVENTUAL DEATH. DIOXIN IS A CHEMICAL THAT
CAUSES A LOT OF PROBLEMS FROM REPRODUCTION TO
UNCONTROLLED CELL GROWTH OR CANCER. THIS
CHEMICAL IS BIOACCUMULATED IN FISH, CHICKEN AND
MEAT. CHEMICALS SUCH AS THIS TRAVEL UP THE FOOD
CHAIN BEFORE ENTERING THE HUMAN BODY.
• THE EFFECT OF WATER POLLUTION CAN HAVE A HUGE
IMPACT ON THE FOOD CHAIN. IT DISRUPTS THE FOOD-
CHAIN. CADMIUM AND LEAD ARE SOME TOXIC SUBSTANCES,
THESE POLLUTANTS UPON ENTERING THE FOOD CHAIN
THROUGH ANIMALS (FISH WHEN CONSUMED BY ANIMALS,
 HOW CAN WE PREVENT WATER
POLLUTION?
• DO NOT LITTER IN WATER BODIES. PICK UP LITTER AND THROW IT AWAY IN A GARBAGE CAN.
• BLOW OR SWEEP FERTILIZER BACK ONTO THE GRASS IF IT GETS ONTO PAVED AREAS. DON'T PUT FERTILIZER
ON THE GRASS RIGHT BEFORE IT RAINS. THE CHEMICALS WILL WASH INTO STORM DRAINS AND WATERWAYS.
• MULCH OR COMPOST GRASS OR YARD WASTE. OR, LEAVE IT IN YOUR YARD IF YOU CAN'T COMPOST. DON'T
BLOW LEAVES INTO THE STREET. THIS CLOGS AND DAMAGES STORM DRAINS.
• CONSERVE WATER BY TURNING OF THE TAP WHEN RUNNING WATER IS NOT NECCESSARY. THIS HELPS
PREVENT WATER SHORTAGES AND REDUCES THE AMOUNT OF CONTAMINATED WATER THAT NEEDS
TREATMENT
• BE CAREFUL ABOUT WHAT YOU THROW DOWN YOUR SINK OR TOILET. DON’T THROW PANES OR OTHER
FORMS OF LITTER DOWN THE DRAIN.
• BY HAVING MORE PLANTS IN YOUR GARDEN, YOU ARE PREVENTING FERTILIZER, PESTICIDES, AND
CONTAMINATED WATER FROM RUNNING OF INTO NEARBY WATER SOURCES. -TEENA RATH