WEEK 6

Solve problems
involving
Percentage
Increase and
Percentage
Decrease
 WEEK 6

Solve problems
involving
Percentage
Increase and
Percentage
Decrease
Learning
Outcome
At the end of the lesson the learners
will be able to solve problems
involving percentage increase and
percentage decrease.
Simplifying Terms
Complete the table of equivalent fractions,
decimals, and percents.
FRACTION DECIMAL PERCENT
½
0.75
40%
 PERCENTAGE INCREASE
A product costs ₱200.00, and the salesman told you that the price of the
product will become ₱280.00 next week. Further, the salesman said the store
will have a 30% increase in all their products. How are you going to check if the
information given by the salesman is true?
Question:
A. Describe the change in price of the product. Is it an increase or a
decrease? (Answer: an increase in price)
B. How much is the increase? (Answer: 280 - 200 = 80)
C. What is 30% of 200? (Answer: 60)
D. What is the percentage increase?
 PERCENTAGE INCREASE
Percentage increase measures the amount of increase in comparison to the
original value, expressed as percentage.

(𝑁𝑒𝑤 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 − 𝑂𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒x) 100%

Calculating Percentage Increase:

𝑂𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒

Example 1:
What is the percentage increase if the original value is 200 and the
new value is 280?
Solution: (280 − 200) /200 x 100% = .40 or 40%
 PERCENTAGE INCREASE
Example 2: A Jollibee branch recorded ₱100,000 sales in one week. After a
week it became ₱150,000. Find the percentage increase of its sales.

QUESTION:
1. What is the difference between the new value and the original
value?
2. Which is greater? The original value or the new value?
3. By how much? How did you solve the difference?
4. Does the answer show an increase or decrease
 PERCENTAGE INCREASE
Percentage increase measures the amount of increase in comparison to the
original value, expressed as percentage.

(𝑁𝑒𝑤 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 − 𝑂𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒x) 100%

Calculating Percentage Increase:

𝑂𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒

Example 2:
Percent of increase = (150,000 − 100,000) /100,000 x 100% = .50 or 50%
 More Examples
ORIGINAL VALUE NEW VALUE INCREASE IN VAUE PERCENTAGE
(Difference of new value and INCREASE
original value)

1. 100 130
2. 350 525
3. 42 48.3
4. 190 275.5
5. 201 351.75
 PERCENTAGE DECREASE
The original price of a pair of pants was Php 850.00. In summer sales, it was
reduced to Php 500.00. Find the percentage decrease or change in the price of
the pants.

Question:
A. Describe the change in price of the pants. Was there an increase
or a decrease? (Answer: a decrease in price)
B. How much is the decrease? (Answer: 850 - 500 = 350)
C. What is the percent of decrease?
 PERCENTAGE DECREASE
Percentage decrease measures the amount of decrease in comparison to the
original value, expressed as percentage. Since the value will give a negative
numerator, you modify the formula:

(𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝐷𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠e )
Calculating Percentage Decrease:

𝑂𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒
x 100%
Example 1:
What is the percentage decrease if the original value is 250 and the
new value is 220?
Solution: (30) /250 x 100% = .12 or 12%
 PERCENTAGE DECREASE
Example 2:
The value of a brand-new laptop worth ₱45,000.00 became
₱30,150.00 after a month of use. What is the decrease in price?
What is the percent of decrease?

Example 3:
A sport enthusiast weighs 75 kilograms, after a month of
tedious exercise he weighs 66 kilograms. What is the percentage
decrease of his weight after a month?
 More Examples
ORIGINAL VALUE NEW VALUE DECREASE IN VAUE PERCENTAGE
DECREASE

1. 100 80
2. 180 111.6
3. 360 241.2
4. 1,500 1,230
5. 5,000 1,000
 Solve money problems
involving percentage and
create financial plan
Learning Objectives:
1. Define discounts, sale price, commission, sales tax, and
simple interest;
2. Solve money problems involving percentages on discounts,
sale price, commission, sales tax, and simple interest;
3. Create a 1-day financial/budget plan; and
4. Create a formula for a daily personal financial plan.
 Identify the logos

1. What do you feel when you see ads about discounts/sales?

2. Do you consider this discounts when buying an item from a
certain store?
3. Can you immediately compute how much discount can you get
when you buy an item under discount/sale?
4. How do you do it?
 Vocabulary
Discount It is the reduction in the original price of
a commodity (product or service)

Selling PriceIt is the final price at which a product or

item is sold to a customer after discounts
have been applied.

Sale Price The amount of money that a company

charges for its product. It is the price that
the customers pay for a buying a product
without discount. This is also known as the
original price.
 Vocabulary
Commissionit refers to the amount of money earned by a
person from selling something

Commission percent taken off from the selling price of the item
sold.
Rate
Sale Tax commonly known as Value Added Tax (VAT)
 Vocabulary
Interest – the amount earned from investing or borrowing
money

Interest – the percent of interest

Rate
Principal the amount of money invested or borrowed

Time – the length of time the money was invested or the

length of time the borrowed money will be paid (in
years)
1. Simplify the
expression

2. Find an expression for the area of the

triangle
1. Simplify the
expression

2. Find an expression for the area of the

triangle
1. Simplify the
expression

2. Find an expression for the area of the

triangle
Solving Simple Interest Rate
 Solving Simple Interest Rate

Example 1.
Manny decided to invest in a bank. How much will he earn if
he invested ₱10,000 for an interest of 2% in one year?

Solution: I = Prt
I = (10,000)(0.02)(1)
I = ₱200 Answer:
Thus, the interest earned in ₱200.
 Solving Simple Interest Rate
Example 2.
How much principal must be invested to earn ₱5,000 in 6
years at an interest rate of 5%?

Solution: P = I/rt
P = 5000 /(0.05)(6)
P = 5000 /0.03
P = ₱16,666.67
Answer: Thus, it needs ₱16,666.67 as principal for the
investment to earn the mentioned amount of interest.
 Solving Simple Interest Rate
Example 3.
If a loan is taken out for ₱85,000 at 6% and costs an interest
of ₱20,400, how long was the loan for?

Solution: t = I/Pr
t = 20,400 /(85,000)(0.06)
t = 20,400/5100
t=4

Answer: Thus, the loan was taken for 4 years.

 Identifying and
Explaining the Uses of
Learning Rates
objectives:
1. Identify and explain the uses of rates.
2. Solve problems involving rates.
 Ratio is the comparison of two different quantities
with the same unit as having 3 boys in every 5 girls,
where we are just counting and comparing the
number of boys to girls without using unit of
measurements and, writing it in fraction or in ratio
form 3 : 5 (read as 3 to 5).

Rate is related to ratio; it is also comparing two

different quantities, but these quantities have
different units of measurement and, it is often
expressed in fraction form. Rate is used to describe
many important real-life concepts.
 Ratio is the comparison of two different quantities
with the same unit as having 3 boys in every 5 girls,
where we are just counting and comparing the
number of boys to girls without using unit of
measurements and, writing it in fraction or in ratio
form 3 : 5 (read as 3 to 5).

Rate is related to ratio; it is also comparing two

different quantities, but these quantities have
different units of measurement and, it is often
expressed in fraction form. Rate is used to describe
many important real-life concepts.
 TEST 1: MULTIPLE CHOICE
Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. It is the final price at which a product or item is sold to a customer after

discounts have been applied.
a. Discount b. Selling Price c. Sale price d. Interest

2. The amount of money that a company charges for its product. It is the
price that the customers pay for a buying a product without discount. This is
also known as the original price.
a. Discount b. Selling Price c. Sale price d. Interest

3. It is the reduction in the original price of a commodity (product or service).

b. Discount b. Selling Price c. Sale price d. Interest

4. It is the percent taken off from the selling price of the item sold.
a. Commission b. Commission rate c. Sale price d. Sale Tax

5. It is commonly known as Value Added Tax (VAT)

a. Commission b. Commission rate c. Sale price d. Sale Tax
6. It refers to the amount of money earned by a person from
selling something
a. Commission b. Commission rate c. Sale price d. Sale
Tax

7. Percent taken off from the selling price of the item sold.
a. Commission b. Commission rate c. Sale price d. Sale
Tax

8. It is the amount earned from investing or borrowing money.

a. Interest b. Interest Rate c. Interest price d. Principal

9. It is the amount of money invested or borrowed

b. Interest b. Interest Rate c. Interest price d. Principal

10. It is the percent of interest

c. Interest b. Interest Rate c. Interest price d. Principal
TEST II.

1. Find the discount and sale price of a shoes that has an

original price of ₱2,000 if the discount rate is 5%.

2. Mr. Alejandro worked hard to earn 20% commission

from selling iphone 20. Find his commission if his total
sales for the month of July is ₱250, 000.
Answers.
1. Discount = original Prince x Rate of discount
1. B = ₱2,000 x 5%
2. C = ₱2,000 x 0.05
3. A = ₱100
4. B
5. D Sale Price = original price - discount
= ₱2,000 - ₱100
6. A = ₱1,900
7. B
8. A 2. Commission = Total Sales x Commission Rate
9. D = ₱250,000 x 20%
= ₱250,000 x 0.20
10.B = ₱50,000