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INNATE_and_ADAPTIVE_IMMUNITY

The document provides an overview of the immune system, detailing the definitions and distinctions between innate and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity is always present and acts quickly to block and eliminate microbes, while adaptive immunity requires the activation and differentiation of lymphocytes for a tailored response. The document also describes the mechanisms of both immune types, including the roles of B and T lymphocytes in humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

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24 views

INNATE_and_ADAPTIVE_IMMUNITY

The document provides an overview of the immune system, detailing the definitions and distinctions between innate and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity is always present and acts quickly to block and eliminate microbes, while adaptive immunity requires the activation and differentiation of lymphocytes for a tailored response. The document also describes the mechanisms of both immune types, including the roles of B and T lymphocytes in humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Uploaded by

rashedmara
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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STUDENT PROJECT 3 – Hematology and immune

system

INNATE & ADAP-


TIVE IMMUNITY
Made Ayu Puspa Mahen-
drayani1670121004, SGD 8, SMT
3
CONTENT

1. Definition

2. Innate Immunity

3. Adaptive Immunity
Definiton
• Immunity is defined as resistance to disease, specifically infectious dis-
ease. The collection of cells, tissues, and molecules that mediate resistance
to infections is called the immune system, and the coordinated reaction
of these cells and molecules to infectious microbes comprises an immune
response.

2 Types :
• Innate immunity, also called natural immunity or native immunity, is al-
ways present in healthy individuals (hence the term innate), prepared to
block the entry of microbes and to rapidly eliminate microbes that do suc-
ceed in entering host tissues.
• Adaptive immunity, also called specific immunity or acquired immunity,
requires expansion and differentiation of lymphocytes in response to mi-
crobes before it can provide effective defense; that is, it adapts to the
presence of microbial invaders.
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Innate Immunity
Principal components :
1. Epithelial barrier
2. Phagocytic Cells :
• Neutrophil
• Macrophages
• Natural Killer Cell
• Mast Cell
• Dendritic cells
3. Blood Proteins :
• Inflammation mediators
Epithelial Barrier
Innate Immunity : Mechanism of Phagocytosis by Macrophage
Adaptive Immunity

Types of Adaptive Immune system :


• Humoral Immunity, that is medi-
ated by molecules in the blood mu-
cosal secretions, called antibodies,
wich are produced by cells called B
lymphocyte.
• Cell-mediated Immunity, that is
mediated by T lymphocytes elimi-
nates the cells that infected by such
as bacterias or viruses
B Lymphocytes
• B lymphocytes are the only cells capable of producing anti-
bodies.
• B lymphocytes also differentiate into memory cells wich are
long-lived and in charge if the secondary antigen exposure
occurs to create secondary immune response.

https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=2DFN4IBZ3rI
Primary and
Secoundary
Immune Response
• The response to the first
exposure to antigen, called
the primary immune re-
sponse, is initiated by see-
ing antigen for the first
time .
• Subsequent encoun­ters
with the same antigen lead
to responses called sec-
ondary immune re-
sponses that usually are
more rapid, larger, and bet-
ter able to eliminate the
antigen than primary re-
sponses.
T Lymphocytes
Helper T Cells that
secrete cytokines
that stimulate prolifer-
ation and differentia-
tion of T cells them-
selves, macrophages,
and other leukocytes.
Cytotoxic T Cells that
kill cells producing for-
eign antigens, such as
cells infected by
viruses and mi-
crobes. https://youtu.be/rd2cf5h-
ValM
VIDEO (Innate Immunity & Adaptive Immunity)
Refferences
• Abbas, KA., Litchman, H., Pillai, S. 2015. Cellular And
Molecular Immunology. 8th ed. Philadelphia, USA
• Kumar, V., Abbas, KA., Aster, CJ. 2013. Robbins Basic
Pathology. 9th Ed. Canada, USA
• Silverthorn, DU. 2013. Human Physiology an Integrated
Approach 6th Ed. Pearson Education, San Fransisco, USA
THANK YOU

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