Climate Chang

Assigned By: Ms. Mubeen Ijaz

 Members
• M. Azhaf Khalid (612723)
(How Pakistan is affected by Climate Change)

• Shazam Abbas (612724)

(Causes of Climate Change)

• M. Taha Aamir (612725)

(Introduction and Conclusion of Climate Change)

• Taqveem Shahid (612726)

(Suggestions on Climate Change)

• Fatima Qadeer (612727)

(Effects of Climate Change)
 Introduction
“Humanity faces many threats, but none is greater than climate change. In damaging our
climate, we are becoming the architects of our own destruction.”
Prince 👑 Charles (U.K)

Climate is the weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period.

Climate Change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather

patterns. These shifts may be natural, such as through variations in the solar cycle. But since
the 1800s, human activities have been the main driver of climate change, primarily due to
burning fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas.
 Causes
Some Causes of Climate Change are following:

• INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
• USES OF GREEN HOUSE GASES
• DEFORESTATION
• Release Of Chemical And Other Gases
• Plate Tectonic
• DEPLETION OF THE OZONE LAYER
• SOLAR ENERGY
• VOLCANISM
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION: Since the industrial revolution, humans have expelled copious
amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. This has
triggered an unnatural warming that has seen the Earth’s
temperature rise dramatically over a short period of time.

USES OF GREEN HOUSE GASES: Greenhouse gas emissions from human activities increase,
they build up in the atmosphere and warm the climate,
leading to many other changes. Unlike Oxygen and Nitrogen,
these gases can absorb radiation and hold onto heat.
DEFORESTATION: Forests and trees store carbon . When they are
degraded or completely cleared, e.g. by fire – a process
referred to as deforestation – this stored carbon has
the potential to be released back into the atmosphere
as carbon dioxide and contribute to climate change .

Release Of Chemical And Other Gases: Potential links to hazardous chemicals and waste
management · Unintentional releases and increased
movement of POPs, mercury and other chemicals
increased. They include methane, nitrous oxide, ozone,
and halogenated gases. Some of these gases make
significant contributions to changing the radiation .
Plate Tectonic: The movement of the plates also causes volcanoes and
mountains to form and these can also contribute to a
change in climate. Large mountain chains can influence the
circulation of air around the globe, and consequently
influence the climate

DEPLETION OF THE OZONE LAYER: Ozone depletion and climate change are linked in a number
of ways, but ozone depletion is not a major cause of climate
change. Atmospheric ozone has two effects on the
temperature balance of the Earth. It absorbs solar
ultraviolet radiation, which heats the stratosphere.
SOLAR ENERGY: A renewable source of power, solar energy has an important role in reducing
greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating climate change, which is critical to
protecting humans, wildlife, and ecosystems. Solar energy can also improve air
quality and reduce water use from energy production.

VOLCANISM: Volcanic eruptions are often discussed in relation to climate change because
they release CO2 (and other gases) into our atmosphere.

Fact: Human contributions to the carbon cycle are more than 100 times
those from all the volcanoes in the world (combined).
•
Effects
Increasing Global Temperature
• Thawing Glaciers
• Rising Sea Levels
• Warmest Years
• Relentless Hurricanes, Typhoon, Cyclones
• Heat Waves
• Heavy Rainfalls
• Higher Temperature And Process Of Decomposition
• Growing Long Season
• Losing Earth Fertility
 Effects on Pakistan

• Heavy Rainfalls
• Melting Of Glaciers And Floods
• Extreme Whether In Winter And Summer
• Rising Of Sea Level Of Indian Ocean
• Loss Of Infrastructure , human Loss etc
• Floods And Impact On Economy
• Least Contributor Towards Global Warming But Hard Hit
According to international and national environmental scientists and engineers, Pakistan and
neighbor countries are considered among the most affected by climate change.
Pakistan is among those top 20 countries which will be hit hard by climate change in the future.
This just does not only mean that the temperature will rise and our glaciers will melt , this also
means that there will be an increase in migrations , there will be food security issues, water
security is already a problem. So, this won't only remain a climate/ environment issue.

A DISASTER WAITING TO HAPPEN IN PAKISTAN

The third most snow covered area are the Himalayas, which are located in the North of Pakistan.
These GLOF (Glacial Lake Outburst Floods) are very intense floods which can destroy entire
villages, but unfortunately there is no solution to this. They are melting due to rise in the global
temperatures.
Suggestions
 Conclusion
In Conclusion, Climate Change is the most significant problem facing the world.
Global warming is increasing day by day. If we cannot prevent it as soon as possible,
our world will face undesirable consequences. Artificial intelligence and machine
learning, which have been quite advanced recently, is our immense weapon in the
fight against climate change. Recently, studies have been carried out to tackle
climate change with these subjects. Governments, non-profit organizations, and
companies also have the responsibility to implement and contribute to these
studies.
Thank You 💗