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Solutions

The document explains the concepts of solutions, solutes, and solvents, highlighting that a solution is formed when a solid dissolves in a liquid, with examples like sugar in water. It distinguishes between soluble and insoluble substances, discusses the behavior of gases in liquids, and defines miscible and immiscible liquids. Additionally, it describes saturated and unsaturated solutions, illustrating how solute dissolving capacity changes with temperature and concentration.

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2 views

Solutions

The document explains the concepts of solutions, solutes, and solvents, highlighting that a solution is formed when a solid dissolves in a liquid, with examples like sugar in water. It distinguishes between soluble and insoluble substances, discusses the behavior of gases in liquids, and defines miscible and immiscible liquids. Additionally, it describes saturated and unsaturated solutions, illustrating how solute dissolving capacity changes with temperature and concentration.

Uploaded by

lakshmikanthmuddu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solutions

Is formed when a solid dissolves in a liquid.


For example:
When a spoonful of sugar is added to a glass of water and stirred, sugar
solution is formed. Here sugar is the solid, water is the liquid.
Here, the sugar is known as the solute and water is the solvent.
SOLUTE
• Solute is a substance which dissolves in a solvent to form a solution.
• Solvent is a liquid in which a solute dissolves.
• Solution is formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent
• Solute is generally less in quantity.
• Example: Salt(solute) in Salt and water solution, Sugar(solute) in sugar
and water solution, Powder(solute) in water.
Solvent
• Solvent is a liquid in which a substance dissolves.
• Water dissolves the maximum number of substances in it and is
therefore known as the universal solvent.

+¿ 
Difference Between Soluble and
Insoluble
• Some substances do not dissolve in water but they dissolve in other
solvents.
• In other words, these substances are insoluble in water but are soluble in
other liquids/solvents. For example, wax dissolves in kerosene oil.
• In other words, wax is soluble in kerosene oil but insoluble in water. Here
wax is the solute and kerosene oil is the solvent.
• Other examples: sugar, salt, copper sulphate [blue salt], etc. are soluble in
water whereas sand, saw dust, brick, rocks, stones etc. are insoluble in
water.
• Dissolved substances generally separate as crystals from the solution. On
heating the salt solution, salt is left behind as crystals.
Gases also dissolve in water.
• For example, when you open a bottle of soda water, a gas escapes by
making a fizzing sound. This gas is carbon dioxide.
• When soda water is made, carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in water
under high pressure.
• When you boil water you see bubbles coming out.
• These bubbles are of air that remains dissolved in water. Oxygen
dissolved in water helps fishes and other water animals/plants to
breathe.
What happens when a solution is
formed?
• Sugar dissolves in water when it is stirred. Sugar molecules take the
space left between water molecules.
• [Water/liquids have intermolecular space].
• You cannot make out the difference between water and the sugar
solution except that the solution tastes sweet.
• The volume [amount of water with sugar in the glass] does not
change, it remains the same.
Miscible and Immiscible liquids
• Certain liquids mix with each other perfectly well to form a solution.
These liquids are known as miscible liquids. For example, when water is
added to alcohol, it completely mixes with water; we cannot identify
water and alcohol separately. Similarly with water and milk. Here, when
water is added to milk, milk mixes with water perfectly.
• Certain liquids do not mix with each other well. These liquids are known
as immiscible liquids. For example, when water is added to kerosene oil,
kerosene oil does not mix with water; we can clearly see that oil will float
on water. Similarly with water and petrol or water and any cooking oil
• Alcohol used in experiments is a colourless chemical liquid which is
generally referred to as ‘spirit’.
Types of solutions (Saturated)
• The solution formed when maximum solute particles completely
dissolve in the solvent.
• This means that the liquid has dissolved all of the solute that is
possible. For example: If you add one teaspoon of sugar to iced tea,
you've got an unsaturated solution.
• If you keep adding sugar to iced tea, you eventually get to the point
where the rest of the sugar just sinks to the bottom and will not
dissolve. When this happens, it means that the solution is saturated,
because no more sugar can be dissolved.
Types of solutions (Unsaturated)
• The solution formed when more and more solute can be dissolved in
a solvent.
• This means that if you were to add more solute to the liquid, it would
keep dissolving. For example, if you take one teaspoon of salt and put
it in a bucket of water, you've made an unsaturated solution.
• In other words, if you add another teaspoon of salt, Saturated
solution will become unsaturated on heating. This is because on
heating, the molecules in the solution move apart and this allows
more solute particles to take the space between the molecules.it
would dissolve, too.

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