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ARNIS

Arnis, also known as Eskrima or Kali, is the national martial arts sport of the Philippines, officially declared in 2009. It is characterized by the use of swinging and twirling movements with various weapons, primarily rattan sticks, and has a rich history dating back to indigenous combat against Spanish colonizers. The martial art includes defensive techniques and competitive forms, focusing on choreography and agility, while preserving cultural traditions despite historical prohibitions.

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20 views20 pages

ARNIS

Arnis, also known as Eskrima or Kali, is the national martial arts sport of the Philippines, officially declared in 2009. It is characterized by the use of swinging and twirling movements with various weapons, primarily rattan sticks, and has a rich history dating back to indigenous combat against Spanish colonizers. The martial art includes defensive techniques and competitive forms, focusing on choreography and agility, while preserving cultural traditions despite historical prohibitions.

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kmarkprielaabrigo
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© © All Rights Reserved
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ARNIS

TERMINOLOGIES
 Arnis-is the national martial
arts sport of Philippines. It is
also known as Eskrima and Kali.
 Rattan- the thin pliable stems

of a palm, used to make


furniture.
 Padded- use very thin rattan

sticks covered in foam and


 In 2009, the government of
the Philippines declared arnis
to be the National Martial
Arts and Sport of the
Philippines.
 Remy Amador Presas known

as Father of Modern Arnis.


History of Arnis
Arnis enjoys the status
of the de jure national sport
of the Philippines. It is a
martial art characterized by
the use of “swinging and
twirling movements,
accompanied by striking,
thrusting and parrying
techniques for defense and
offense.” Having been
handed down from
generation to generation for
centuries, the discipline
History of Arnis
Arnis was developed by the indigenous
populations of the Philippines, who used an
assorted range of weaponry for combat and
self-defense. Encompassing both simple
impact and edged weapons, arnis traditionally
involved rattan, swords, daggers and spears.
In 1521, equipped with nothing more than
bladed weapons and their fearsome arnis
abilities, Filipino islanders defeated Ferdinand
Magellan’s armored, musket-bearing Spanish
conquistador forces when they tried to invade.
History of Arnis
 When the Spanish eventually returned and
successfully conquered parts of the Philippines,
the traditions of arnis were preserved, despite its
prohibition, in the forms of ritual dance,
performance and mock battles. While earlier
Filipino martial arts were influenced by Spanish
colonization, the modern forms have been
affected by the country’s contact with both the
United States and Japan after gaining
independence in 1898. Just over a century later,
in 2009, the government of the Philippines
declared arnis to be the martial art and national
Culture and Traditions
Arnis is otherwise known
as eskrima, kali and garrote, and by
even more names in different Filipino
regional languages. Although Spanish
influence had a pacifying effect on Filipino
martial culture, the original warrior ethos
has persisted and remains on the fringes of
the art. Arnis “death-matches” were
outlawed as late as 1945 yet, as Mark V.
Wiley explains in Filipino Martial Culture,
they still take place in private today.
Culture and Traditions

The Philippine government’s


declaration of arnis as the national
sport has codified a clear martial
culture. This should begin to develop
an accessible story of Filipino cultural
heritage that the outside world can
grasp, like Japan did during the Edo
period (1603-1868) and as post-
cultural revolution China has done
How it works
 Like all martial arts, arnis is primarily
defensive, encompassing hand-to-hand
combat, grappling and disarming
techniques. However, the fighting style
also includes the use of bladed weapons
and sticks, in addition to improvised
weapons. A baton-like cane is the
primary melee tool employed and the
weapon used in officiated arnis
competitions.
How it works
 Competitive Arnis generally takes one of two
forms: the performance-based anyo model or
the combative leban. Anyo competitions are
judged on the basis of the overall choreography
of the performances, including the
gracefulness, strength and force employed.
Meanwhile, the leban form tests participants’
agility and reactions, as competitions are
judged based on the number of strikes inflicted.
Although most leban competitions exclude body
contact, such as grappling, blocks and
disarming an opponent using the hands or feet,
there are some exceptions where full contact is
Skills
Striking
Thrusting

 Disarming
Equipments
 The primary weapon is the
rattan stick, called a cane
or baston (baton), which
varies in size, but is
usually about 28 inches
(71cm) in length.
Three Kinds of Stick

1. Spiral Rattan stick


2. Black Rattan Stick
3. Padded Stick
2. Basic Stance and
Salutation
a. Handa
-Feet are positioned shoulder
width apart. - Stick is held in
front of the body.
b. Pugay
- Place the weapon hand across
the chest.
- Bow by bending at the waist.
c. Handa sa Paglaban/Fighting Stance

- One foot in the


front (foot the same
as the weapon hand),
the other foot on the
rear. - Keep feet apart,
distance of one foot. -
Both knees slightly
bent. - Toes facing
forward. - Weight
evenly distributed on
both feet.
d. Forward Stance
- Distance of 5 steps
between the feet. -
Back leg kept
straight, rear foot is
held at a 45 degree
angle. - Keep the
front knee bent. -
Weight is evenly
distributed on both
feet.
e. Backward Stance
Distance of 4
steps between the
feet. - Both knees are
slightly bent. - Rear
foot held at a 90
degree angle. - 70%
of the body weight
on the rear foot while
30% is placed on the
front foot.

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