GasTurb 13 – Tutorial 3

INTRODUCTION TO
OFF DESIGN SIMULATIONS
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH
 Off-Design Simulations

Let us begin with a jet engine.

Select the most simple engine
architecture, a Turbojet.

Select as Scope
Performance and then click
Off Design
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH

A click on Standard Maps begins

the off-design calculation.
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH

We Need Some Data…

 Off-Design Input Data Page

After reading the file, the cycle

design point is calculated. This
happens in the background.

The standard compressor and

turbine maps are scaled in such
a way that theyNow
fit to
wethe cyclethe cycle
calculate
design point.
design point as an
off-design point
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH
 Off-Design Point Summary
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH

The contents of this summary

page is identical to that of the
cycle design point
 Operating Point Details

This is the Standard High

Pressure Compressor Map file
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH

On this page those details of the This is the Standard High

operating point are presented Pressure Turbine Map file
that are not needed for a cycle
design calculation.
 Compressor Map

The circle marks the cycle

design point,
the yellow square marks the
off-design operating point.

In this special case – because

we have calculated the cycle
design point in off-design
mode – the yellow square is
inside the circle.
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH
 Turbine Map

The circle marks the cycle

design point,
the yellow square marks the
off-design operating point.

There are six different

versions of a turbine map.
The y-axis can be Pressure
Ratio or Corrected Work.
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH

Here Turbine Pressure

Ratio is shown over the
product of Corrected Flow
and Corrected Speed.
 Turbine Map

Here Turbine Pressure

Ratio is shown over
Corrected Speed.
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH

The corrected flow is

shown as contour lines in
% of the maximum
corrected flow in the map
 Turbine Map

Here Turbine Pressure

Ratio is shown with the
same axes as a
compressor map: Turbine
Pressure Ratio over
Corrected Mass Flow.
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH

The disadvantage of this

format is that all the speed
lines nearly collapse.
 Thermodynamic Stations

Here you get all the details at the

thermodynamic stations.
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH

The engine geometry - all the flow areas at all

stations - is among the results of the cycle
design point calculation.
 Off-Design Input Data

Here you can choose whether

Relative Spool Speed ZXN or
Burner Exit Temperature ZT4 is given. Enter 2 to make Burner Exit
Temperature an input and
use 1200 for it

Let us run a case with 1200 K

Copyright © GasTurb GmbH

Burner Exit Temperature.

 Off-Design Result

The solution is
found by
iteration
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH
 Compressor Map

Cycle design point

Compressor
operating point for
T4=1200K
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH
 Off-Design Iteration

These are the variablesThese

of are the estimated values of
Iteration targets are flow
the
the iteration. Betavalues areiteration variables. If the iteration
continuity between
fails to converge, you can try with
auxiliary coordinates in components and power
component maps. better estimates for the variables. balances

Now let us calculate the

complete sea level static
operating line.
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH
 Off-Design Input
Operating Line

Reset to 1 and enter for the HPC

Spool Speed ZXN also 1
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH
 Operating Line Input

Increase the Number of Points to 20,

The
then run theoperating
case by line commences
clicking the with the
single Line
Operating point button
which was calculated
before the operating line window was
opened. A series of points with
decreasing gas generator spool speed
will be calculated. The default step size
of relative spool speed is 0.025.

Answer
No
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH
 Compressor Operating Line

We will employ a
handling bleed to cure
that problem.

Here the
compressor
surges
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH
 Off-Design Input
Operating Line

Re-run the
operating line

Enter numbers
Click Controls to show the
in all 3 boxes
controls button group. Then
click the Bleed button
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH
 Repeat the Operating Line Calc

Answer this time

Yes
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH
 Switch Automatic Bleed “On”

Enter 1 for the second

operating line, then
click Run
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH
 Compressor Operating Lines
With and Without Bleed

Let us have other views

on the data
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH

With bleed the

surge problem
does not exist.
 The Default Plot

With bleed the surge

problem does not exist.
However, with bleed the fuel
consumption is higher…
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH

New Picture
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH

New Picture
 T4 = f(Corrected Spool Speed)

With bleed the surge problem does not

exist; however, the burner exit
temperature is significantly higher
Copyright © GasTurb GmbH

This slide ends the

Introduction to Off-Design Simulations
Tutorial