The Short and

long Term
Effects of
Substance Use
and Abuse
LESSON #5
Your best quote that reflects
your approach… “It’s one small
step for man, one giant leap for
mankind.”

- NEIL ARMSTRONG
A. GATEWAY DRUGS
Gateway drugs are accepted and legal with
restrictions. People below 18 years of age are
not allowed to buy and use gateway drugs in
the Philippines. The use of these drugs puts a
person at risk of using more dangerous and
illicit drugs. An example of these drugs are
tobacco of any form and alcohol.
 GATEWAY SHORT-TERM EFFECTS LONG TERM EFFECTS
DRUGS
A. Alcohol Headache and light Damage of organs like liver,
headedness heart, colon, and brain
- Slurred speech - Cancer
- Slow body reflex, - Cardiovascular diseases
senses, and - Cirrhosis of the liver
coordination - Poor study and work
- Overconfident performance
- Mood swings - Paralysis and/ or loss of
(depression, high spirit, limb due to road accidents
aggressiveness) and other tragic events
- Nausea (headache - Alcohol poisoning which
with vomiting) leads to coma
- Experience of blackout
(loss of consciousness)
GATEWAY DRUGS SHORT-TERM EFFECTS LONG TERM EFFECTS
B. Tobacco - Stress - Development of
- Rapid heart rate and asthma
- Atherosclerosis
pulse rate
- Thrombosis
- Persistent cough - Cardiovascular
- Difficulty in breathing diseases
- Halitosis or bad breath - Chronic Obstructive
- Sinusitis and otitis Pulmonary Disease
media - Cancer of the mouth,
throat, skin, lungs, and
- Increased phlegm
other body parts
production - Hypertension or
- Stomach problems increased blood pressure
- Weak physical - Heart attack and stroke
performance which leads to coma and
death
B. DEPRESSANTS
Depressants, also known as downers or sedatives in
the medical field, suppress or slow down the central
nervous system. It is used to treat anxiety, mental
disorders, and sleeping disorders like insomnia. Types
of depressants are: Tranquilizers are mild depressants
used to treat anxiety. Barbiturates are stronger, used
to treat insomnia and other sleeping disorders and
control seizures. Hypnotics are the most powerful
depressants. Alcohol is also a depressant .
 DEPRESSANT SHORT-TERM LONG TERM
DRUGS EFFECTS EFFECTS
tranquilizers, - Slow brain function Agitation and aggressive
which leads to behaviors
barbiturates, and temporary memory loss - Depression leading to
hypnotics - Slow pulse rate and mental disorders
heart rate - Hypertension or high
- Below normal breathing blood pressure
pattern - Cardiovascular
- Low blood pressure diseases
- Inability to concentrate - Paralysis of the muscles
and poor judgment and nerves
- Confusion and - Brain stroke
irritability - Chronic liver disease
- Dizziness and - Renal or kidney failure
lightheadedness - Cancer of the colon and
- Slurred speech other form of cancer
- Loss of body balance - Diabetes
C. STIMULANTS
Stimulants are also known as “uppers” or
“speeders”. They stimulate or activate the
central nervous system. It can make a
person stay awake for longer periods
under the influence of stimulant drugs.
Some of these drugs are legal while some
are illicit and dangerous..
STIMULANT SHORT-TERM EFFECTS LONG TERM
S DRUGS EFFECTS
Caffeine is a Increased heart rate and pulse rate Paranoia
stimulant that - Increased respiration (breathing) rate - Heart attack
- Increased digestive processes - Brain stroke
is found in soft
- Increased blood pressure - Brain damage
drinks, energy - Increased body temperature - Kidney damage
drinks, coffee, - Decreased appetite - Liver damage
tea, and - Alert body responses - Coma which
chocolate. Illicit - Inability to sleep leads to death
stimulants - Euphoria
- Depression (the “down” that follows
include cocaine
the “up” sensation)
and
methampheta
mine or shabu.
D. NARCOTICS
Narcotics are known as “painkillers”.
They also induce sleepiness.
Narcotics are administered to
patients with mental problems. They
are also given to cancer patients to
relieve severe pain.
NARCOTICS SHORT-TERM EFFECTS LONG TERM
DRUGS EFFECTS
cocaine, -
-
Drowsiness
Euphoria
- Development of
diseases like
heroin and - Loss of appetite hepatitis, tetanus
- Vomiting and HIV-AIDS due
marijuana - Nausea to needle sharing
- Muscle cramps and pain - Overdose
- Chills and shaking leading to
- Weight loss comatose and
- Difficulty in sleeping death
- Difficulty in breathing
- Inflammation of the veins
- Panic attacks
E. HALLUCINOGENS

Hallucinogens create
hallucinations. Hallucinations
distort what is real. Everything
the person sees, hears, and
feels are the opposite of reality.
Hallucinoge SHORT-TERM EFFECTS LONG TERM
ns EFFECTS
- Euphoria - Flashback
Lysergic acid - Hallucinations (seeing things which are not (effects of the
there)
diethylamide - Poor judgment of time and distance
drug come back
(LSD), - Inability to sleep after a long time
psilocybin and - Loss of appetite which lasts up to 10 hours of not using it)
- Nausea - Increased blood
mescaline are - Poor body coordination pressure
some of the - Feeling of super strength
- Brain damage
- Increased blood pressure and heart rate
common - Aggressive behavior - Psychosis (a
hallucinogens. - Memory loss mental disorder
- Slurred speech in which reality is
distorted or
twisted)
- Coma and
death
 F. INHALANTS
Inhalants are found in common
household chemical products.
Inhalants are huffed or sniffed.
The effects of inhalants are
similar to the effects of alcohol
intoxication.
 INHALANTS SHORT-TERM LONG TERM
EFFECTS EFFECTS
Rugby, - Slurred speech Loss of hearing
- Poor coordination - Uncontrolled muscle
paints, - Euphoria spasms
- Dizziness and nausea - Brain damage
acetone, - Feeling of lightheadedness - Nerve damage
other volatile -
-
Foul breath
Hallucinations
- Bone marrow
damage
solvent - Delusions
High-risk behaviors:

A. Injecting Drug Users (IDUs). The risk of

getting HIV-AIDS through intravenous injection
(IV) is very high. Drug users are particularly
vulnerable to this risky behavior. The need to
inject drugs through needle sharing during
sessions with co-users puts each person at
high risk of getting HIV-AIDS.
High-risk behaviors:

B. Poor judgment and risky sexual

practices. Drug intoxication greatly
affects the person’s way of thinking and
decision-making skills. This can lead a
person to perform risky sexual practices
which further aggravate HIV-AIDS infection.
High-risk behaviors:

C. Prognosis of disease and drugs. Drug

abuse and addiction worsen HIV-AIDS
infection. A medical study has shown that HIV
damages a larger percentage of brain cells
and nerve cells among users of
methamphetamine. In animal subjects, viral
presence in brain cells is more than the other
cells in the body.
High-risk behaviors:
D. Delay in drug abuse treatment. A medical study
has found that the longer drug users delay drug abuse
treatment, the higher the chance of getting and spreading
HIV. Delayed drug abuse treatment means the person will
engage in more intravenous drug sharing and risky sexual
behavior and practices. The earlier a drug user seeks
intervention and treatment, the better the chance of not
acquiring and spreading HIV-AIDS and other diseases.
Drug abuse treatment also educates and counsels the
user and the family about the risk of drug use and abuse.
 Effects of Drug Use

A. Effects of Drug Use and Abuse on the Family

 Broken and unhappy family ties
 Ignored duties and responsibilities
 Financial constraint due to drug dependence and
addiction
 High cost of drug treatment and rehabilitation
 Family dishonor and embarrassment
 Separation of family members
 Effects of Drug Use
B. Effects of Drug Use and Abuse on the
School
 Poor academic performance
 Increased rate of absenteeism and tardiness
 Increased incidence of school fights
 Low academic achievement rate
 Incidence of disrespect to school authorities
 Effects of Drug Use

C. Effects of Drug Use and Abuse on the Community

 High incidence of crime which includes stealing, robbery
and snatching
 High incidence of accidents, e.g. road accident,
accidental falling, etc.
 Affected economy due to low manpower production
 Loss of government funds due to drug-related
operations, treatment and rehabilitation
Learning Task : Create an info-graphics about drug abuse and its
effect on the body, family, school and community. You can use A4 paper
of Colored papers. Please be guided with the given criteria for this task.
(Deadline of Submission is on November 4, 2024.

Criteria:
Accuracy of content 20 points
Visual attractiveness 20 points
Graphics and pictures 20 points
Organization 20 points
Presentation 20 points