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Level measurement is the process of determining the level of liquids or solids in containers, crucial for safety and efficiency in various applications. It can be measured directly or indirectly, with radar technology offering a non-contact method that is highly accurate but expensive. Accurate level measurement is essential to prevent hazardous situations like overfilling or underfilling vessels.

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7 views

Akshada Ime Ppt PDF

Level measurement is the process of determining the level of liquids or solids in containers, crucial for safety and efficiency in various applications. It can be measured directly or indirectly, with radar technology offering a non-contact method that is highly accurate but expensive. Accurate level measurement is essential to prevent hazardous situations like overfilling or underfilling vessels.

Uploaded by

krishnataskar180
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction

Level measurement is the process of measuring the


level of a liquid or solid material inside a tank, silo, container or
other vessel.
Measurement is calculated from the distance
between the liquid or solid material surface and a predetermined
reference point.
Level measurement is typically expressed in feet or
meters and can also be given as a percentage (i.e. 55% full).
Level measurement can also be used to determine volume or
mass.
Importance of level measurement

Accurate and reliable level measurement is essential


for many process applications. Monitoring and controlling the
level of liquids or solid materials in tanks or other vessels is
critical for manufacturing process control and automation,
inventory management, maintaining safety, ensuring efficient
operations, optimizing production and much more.
Types of level measurement
1.Direct method
a.Dip sticks and lead lines
b. Hook type
c. Sight glass method
d. Air purge or hydrostatic
type
2.Indirect method
a.Float method
b.Capacitive
method
c.Ultrasonic
method
d.Nuclear
radiation
▶ Radar type method
The Radar Level Transmitter is programmed with tank height
and the corresponding level is calculated by the microprocessor. It is
also used for liquid- liquid interface level measurement only when upper
layer media is of low dielectric and the difference between two
dielectric constants is >10.
Working of Radar type method

Radar level transmitters work with high-frequency radar


pulses which are emitted by an antenna and reflected from the product
surface. The time of flight of the reflected radar pulse is directly
proportionate to the distance traveled. If the tank geometry is known,
the level can be calculated from this variable.
RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging) is a device that can
detect the presence of faraway objects by obtaining a reflection of
electromagnetic waves emitted from the device itself.
Although invented much earlier, wide deployment
of radar was done by
Britain during the Second World War to detect oncoming
German bombers.
Initially, radar was deployed for military purposes and for
weather forecasting. Recently radar principle is used for industrial
applications also.
Measurement of the level of liquids and solids is one such
Working principle of Radar type
method
Radar level measurement is based on the principle of
measuring the time required for the microwave pulse and its reflected
echo to make a complete return trip between the non-contacting
transducer and the sensed material level.
Radar level transmitters use top-down waveguides to
generate and direct microwave pulses downwards into a containment
vessel. These signals propagate through the headspace due to the low
dielectric constant, or relative permittivity (Er), of gas and vapor
species.
Advantages, disadvantages and
apllications
▶ Advantage
1. This is a non contact technology
2. accuracy is higher.

▶ Disadvantages
3. Very expensive technology.

▶ Application
4. For large tanks level measuring.
5. Range upto 200m.
6. Continues measurement with the use of top mounted radar level
gauges.
Need of level measurement

Level measurement helps ensure the safety of workers,


process equipment and the environment. Overfilling or underfilling
vessels can lead to unfavourable outcomes, including hazardous
spills, equipment damage, and accidents.
The level of measurement helps you decide how to interpret
the data from that variable. When you know that a measure is nominal
(like the one just described), then you know that the numerical values
are just short codes for the longer names.
Unit of level measurement

Units of level measurement are usually in percent. However, a


level measurement of 0% does not necessarily mean that a vessel is
empty --- and 100% does not necessarily mean that the vessel is full.
H – Height of the liquid being measured (usually in inches,
centimeters, meters, feet, etc.) P – Hydrostatic head pressure at the
bottom of the tank (usually in inches of water column, feet of water
column, bar, psi, Pascal's, etc.) P=1 • 8 inches = 8 inches W.C.

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