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Lesson 03 (Part 1) - Solution 2 bir

The document explains the concept of solutions, including definitions of solute and solvent, and various methods to calculate percent concentration such as percent by mass, percent by volume, and mass/volume percent. It provides examples and formulas for calculating the concentration of solutions based on given quantities of solute and solvent. Additionally, it includes practice problems for determining mass and volume percentages in different scenarios.

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Ron Jacob Brin
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3 views

Lesson 03 (Part 1) - Solution 2 bir

The document explains the concept of solutions, including definitions of solute and solvent, and various methods to calculate percent concentration such as percent by mass, percent by volume, and mass/volume percent. It provides examples and formulas for calculating the concentration of solutions based on given quantities of solute and solvent. Additionally, it includes practice problems for determining mass and volume percentages in different scenarios.

Uploaded by

Ron Jacob Brin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Concentration of

Solution
Percent Concentration

SIR MARK LAROYA


What is a SOLUTION?
• A homogeneous mixture with uniform appearance and composition.

pure alcohol + water = alcohol solution

salt + water = salt solution


Components of a Solution

Solute + Solvent = Solution


A solute is the substance dissolved to form a solution.

A solvent is the substance that dissolves the solute


to form a solution.
Sugar + water = sugar solution
Solute solvent
Solution Stoichiometry
- It deals with quantity relationships in reactions
taking place in solutions.

Concentration
- It is the amount of solute present in a given mass or
volume of solutions.
Percent Concentration

Percent by Mass % (m/m)


Percent by Volume %(V/V)
Mass-Volume Percentage %(m/v)
Percent Concentration
Percent by Mass , %(m/m)
Percent Concentration
Percent by mass , %(m/m)

Determine the mass percentage of the solution by


dissolving 18.0 grams of salt using 120.0 g of water.
solute solvent

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 %=
[ 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒+ 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡 ]
×100 %

𝑠𝑠 %=
[ 18.0 𝑔
18.0 𝑔+120.0 𝑔
× 100 %
]
𝑎𝑠𝑠 %=
[
18.0 𝑔
𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔
138.0 𝑔 %=𝟏𝟑
× 100 % .] 𝟎𝟒 %
Percent Concentration
Percent by mass , %(m/m)
What should be the amount of water to be used to
dissolve 20.0g of solute to produce a solution with a
concentration of 16% by mass.
Percent Concentration 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆𝒏𝒕 =𝟏𝟎𝟓 𝒈
Percent by mass , %(m/m)
What should be the amount of water to be used to dissolve 20.0g of solute
to produce a solution with a concentration of 16% by mass. solute

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 %=
[ 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒+ 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡 ]
×100 %
%(m/m)
0.16=
20.0 𝑔
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 %=
[
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ]
× 100 % 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛=
20.0 𝑔
0.16

16 % =
[ 20.0 𝑔
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ]
× 100 % 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛=125.0 𝑔

16 % 20.0 𝑔
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛=𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒+𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆𝒏𝒕
= 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆𝒏𝒕 =𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛−𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
100 % 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆𝒏𝒕 =125.0 𝑔 − 20.0 𝑔
Percent Concentration
Percent by Volume , %(V/V)

𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 %=
[
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ]
× 100 %
Percent Concentration
Percent by Volume , %(V/V)

Determine the volume percentage of a solution by dissolving 100mL of


ethyl alcohol using 300mL of water.

Given: Vsolute = 100mL Vsolvent = 300mL


Solution:

𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 %=
[ 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒+𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡 ]
× 100 %

𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 %=
[ 100 𝑚𝐿
100 𝑚𝐿 +300 𝑚𝐿 ]
𝒗𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆
× 100 %
%=𝟐𝟓 %
Percent Concentration
Percent by Volume , %(V/V)

Determine the amount of ethyl alcohol to be dissolved in 350mL of


water to produce 70% by volume of solution.

Given: Vsolvent = 350mL %(V/V) = 70%


Solution:
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 %=
[ 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒+𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡
× 100 %
]
70 %=
[ 𝑣𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
𝑣𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒+350 𝑚𝐿100%
100%
× 100 %
]
0.7= ( 𝑣𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
𝑣𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒+ 350 𝑚𝐿 )
Percent Concentration
Percent by Volume , %(V/V)

Determine the amount of ethyl alcohol to be dissolved in 150mL of


water to produce 70% by volume of solution.

0.7=( 𝑣𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒


𝑣𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒+150 𝑚𝐿 )
0.7 ( 𝑣𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒+150 𝑚𝐿 )=𝑣𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
0.3 𝑣𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 105 𝑚𝐿
0.7 ( 𝑣𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 ) +105 𝑚𝐿=𝑣𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 =
0.3 0.3
𝑣𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 − 0.7 𝑣𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒=105 𝑚𝐿
0.3 𝑣𝑜𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒=105 𝑚𝐿 𝒗𝒐𝒍 𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒆=𝟑𝟓𝟎 𝒎𝑳
Percent Concentration
Mass/Volume Percent , %(m/V)

Determine the %(m/V) of a solution by dissolving 35g of salt using


enough amount of water to produce 140mL of solution.

% ( )
𝑚
𝑉
=
( 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 )
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
×100 %

% ( )
𝑚
𝑉
=
35 𝑔
140 𝑚𝐿
×100 % %
𝒎
𝑽( )
=𝟐𝟓 %
Percent Concentration
Mass/Volume Percent , %(m/V)

What is the mass of glucose dissolved in water that produces 250 mL of


12% (m/V) of solution?

% ( )
𝑚
𝑉
=
( 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 )
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
×100 %

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
12 %=
250 𝑚𝐿
×100 % 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒= 0.12 ( 𝑔
𝑚𝐿 )
× 250 𝑚𝐿
12 % 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
=
100 % 250 𝑚𝐿
𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒆=𝟑𝟎 𝒈(𝒈𝒍𝒖𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆)
0.12 ( )
𝑔
𝑚𝐿
=
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
250 𝑚𝐿
1. Determine the mass percentage of a
solution by dissolving 25.0 grams of sugar
in 200.0 grams of water.

2. Determine the volume percentage of a


solution by dissolving 50.0 mL of isopropyl
alcohol in 150.0 mL of water.
3. Determine the mass/volume percentage of
a solution by dissolving 20.0 g of sugar in
enough water to make 250.0 mL of solution.

4. What is the mass of sodium chloride (NaCl)


dissolved in water that produces 500 mL of a
15% (m/V) solution?
5. What is the mass of potassium nitrate
(KNO₃) dissolved in water that produces 300
mL of a 10% (m/V) solution?

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