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08SCI Body Systems-The Digestive System-2020

The document outlines the Year 8 Science curriculum at Ave Maria College, focusing on understanding body systems and their organization from cells to organ systems. It includes specific learning intentions and success criteria for both body systems and the digestive system, detailing the functions and processes involved in digestion. Additionally, it presents various activities and resources to enhance student learning about the digestive system and its disorders.

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1 views

08SCI Body Systems-The Digestive System-2020

The document outlines the Year 8 Science curriculum at Ave Maria College, focusing on understanding body systems and their organization from cells to organ systems. It includes specific learning intentions and success criteria for both body systems and the digestive system, detailing the functions and processes involved in digestion. Additionally, it presents various activities and resources to enhance student learning about the digestive system and its disorders.

Uploaded by

an927friends
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ave Maria College:

Year 8 Science

Body
Systems
Learning Intention and
Success Criteria
Learning Intention:
To understand Body Systems

Success Criteria:
Understand the level of organisation
in the body from cells to organ
systems
Explain the purposes of the following
body systems: Skeletal, Digestive,
Respiratory, Excretory, Circulatory
System
Zoom In

Levels of o
rganization
Level of Organisation
Living things are made
up of cells

Groups of cells that do


similar tasks are called
tissues

Groups of tissues that


work together are called
organs

When groups of organs


work together they are
called body systems
Body systems Ameoba sister
s
Body Systems
Activities

Activity: From cells to


organism worksheet

Body Systems Card Sort


Learning Intention and
Success Criteria
Learning Intention:
To understand Body Systems

Success Criteria:
Understand the level of organisation
in the body from cells to organ
systems
Explain the purposes of the following
body systems: Skeletal, Digestive,
Respiratory, Excretory, Circulatory
System
Learning Intention and
Success Criteria
Learning Intention:
To understand the digestive system

Success Criteria:
To know the purpose of digestion
To know the types of digestion
To explain the function of the major
organs of the digestive system
To investigate a disorder of the
digestive system
Digestive System
Ted talks - How your digestive system works 4
min :
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Og5xAdC
8EUI

How the digestive system works video 4min :


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AX34Moa
LmzE
Process of Digestion
Digestive System
• Includes:
– M_____
– P_________
– O_____________
– S__________
– S________ I__________
– L___ I___________
– Accessory structures: s____ glands, p____,
l_____
Function
• Function of the digestive system is to help
convert large food molecules into
_______ simpler molecules (monomers)
that can be absorbed and used by the
cells of the body
Mouth
• Teeth
– M_____ d______ or physical digestion by cutting,
tearing, and crushing
– 1st step in digestion and increases surface area of food
• Saliva – salivary glands
– Helps to moisten food and make it easier to chew
– Begins c______ d___  enzyme amylase breaks down
bonds in starches and releases sugars
– Also contains lysozyme  enzyme that fights infection by
breaking down cell walls of many bacteria
Oesophagus
• Long tube of smooth
muscle that connects
the pharynx with the
stomach
• Chewed clump of food
= bolus
• Tongue and muscles
push bolus down
throat
• Epiglottis closes over
trachea to keep food
out
Oesophagus
• Esophagus carries food to
stomach
• Contractions of smooth muscles
(peristalsis)
– Peristalsis-Squeeze food thru
esophagus into stomach
– Reverse peristalsis = vomiting
– Cardiac sphincter (thick ring of
muscle) closes and prevents
stomach contents from moving
back up esophagus
Stomach
• Large sac of smooth muscle
• Chemical digestion
– Secretes Gastric juice-pepsin( an enzyme) and
hydrochloric acid
– Mucus lubricates and protects stomach wall
– Hydrochloric acid/pepsin – starts the break down
of p__________

• Mechanical digestion (smooth muscle


contractions)
– Mixture called chyme
– After an hour or two, pyloric valve opens and
chyme begins to flow into small intestine
Small Intestine
• Enters the duodenum (first of 3 parts of
small intestine)
– Almost all of digestive enzymes enter the
intestine
– Most of chemical digestion and absorption of
nutrients occurs in the small intestine
– Mixes with fluids and enzymes from pancreas
and liver
Pancreas

Releases pancreatic juice into the small


intestine
Pancreatic juice contains:
1.enzymes that break down _______ three
food types-carbs, proteins, fats and oils-lipids
2.sodium bicarbonate (base which neutralizes
stomach acid) so enzymes can be effective
Liver
– Located above and to the right of the stomach
– Produces b____ (fluid loaded with lipids and
salts)
– Bile acts as a detergent, d_____ droplets of
fats from food
– Bile is stored in gallbladder
Small Intestine
• Chemical digestion of ___
food types take place
• Starch g_______
• Proteins a____ a____
• Fats  f____ a_____ +
g____
• V___ are fingerlike
projections covering
surface of small intestine
– A__________ of
nutrients occurs here
•
Small Intestine Large Intestine
By time it leaves small
intestine, food is basically
nutrient-free water, cellulose
and other undigestible
substances
• Appendix: in humans does
little to promote digestion, but
in other mammals it stores
cellulose and other materials
Large Intestine
• Also known as the c____
• Primary function is to remove w____ from
the undigested material
• Some cellulose is ________by bacteria
• Water is quickly absorbed across the wall
of the large intestine
• Concentrated waste material that remains
passes through the rectum and is
eliminated from the body
Digestive System Disorders
• Peptic ulcer  powerful acids in stomach
damage stomach wall
– Doctors thought that ulcers were caused by
too much acid, but scientists have discovered
bacteria Helicobacter pylori is cause (now
cure rates are as high as 90%)
Digestive System Disorders
• Diarrhea  not enough water is absorbed
• Constipation  too much water is
absorbed
– Eat plenty of fiber and drink plenty of water!
Activities
• Stile lesson 1.1: The Digestive System
• Clickview: Food and digestion
• TEXT QUESTIONS(Pearson 9)
3.1, p101-102
• Recall: 1-5
• Understanding: 7-10
• Application: 12
• Analysis: 13,14,17,19,20
• RESEARCH INVESTIGATION-Individual only

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