COMMON LABORATORY

APPARATUS
AND THEIR USES
 Here are the common laboratory
apparatus and equipment that could be
found in a chemistry laboratory.
 BEAKER
• In laboratory equipment, a
beaker is generally a
cylindrical container with a
flat bottom. Most also have
a small spout to aid
pouring, as shown in the
picture. Beakers are
available in a wide range of
sizes, from one milliliter up
to several liters.
ERLENMEYER FLASK
• An Erlenmeyer flask, also known
as a conical flask or a titration
flask, is a type of laboratory flask
which features a flat bottom, a
conical body, and a cylindrical
neck. It is named after the German
chemist Emil Erlenmeyer, who
created it in 1860.
 FLORENCE FLASK
• A Florence Flask/Boiling Flask is a
type of flask used as an item of
laboratory glassware. It is used as
a container to hold liquids. A
Florence flask has a round body, a
long neck, and often a flat bottom.
VOLUMETRIC FLASK
• A volumetric flask is a piece of
laboratory apparatus, a type of
laboratory flask, calibrated to
contain a precise volume at a
certain temperature. Volumetric
flasks are used for precise
dilutions and preparation of
standard solutions.
 TEST TUBE
• A test tube, also known as a
culture tube or sample tube, is a
common piece of laboratory
glassware consisting of a finger-
like length of glass or clear plastic
tubing, open at the top and closed
at the bottom. Test tubes are
usually placed in special-purpose
racks.
GRADUATED CYLINDER
• A graduated cylinder, also known
as a measuring cylinder or mixing
cylinder is a common piece of
laboratory equipment used to
measure the volume of a liquid. It
has a narrow cylindrical shape.
Each marked line on the
graduated cylinder represents the
amount of liquid that has been
measured.
 PIPETTE
• A pipette is a laboratory tool
commonly used in chemistry,
biology and medicine to transport
a measured volume of liquid, often
as a media dispenser.
 ASPIRATOR
• also called an ejector or filter
pump, is a device that produces
vacuum by means of the Venturi
effect. In an aspirator, fluid (liquid
or gaseous) flows through a tube
which then narrows. When the
tube narrows, the fluid's speed
increases, and because of the
Venturi effect, its pressure
decreases.
 BURETTE
• A burette is a graduated glass
tube with a tap at one end, for
delivering known volumes of a
liquid, especially in titrations. It is
a long, graduated glass tube, with
a stopcock at its lower end and a
tapered capillary tube at the
stopcock's outlet.
MEDICINE DROPPER
• is a device used to transfer small
quantities of liquids. They are used
in the laboratory and also to
dispense small amounts of liquid
medicines.
 REAGENT BOTTLE
• Reagent bottles, also known as
media bottles or graduated
bottles, are containers made of
glass, plastic, borosilicate or
related substances, and topped by
special caps or stoppers. They are
intended to contain chemicals in
liquid or powder form for
laboratories and stored in cabinets
or on shelves.
 WATCH GLASS
• A watch glass is a circular concave
piece of glass used in chemistry as
a surface to evaporate a liquid, to
hold solids while being weighed,
for heating a small amount of
substance and as a cover for a
beaker.
 EVAPORATING DISH
• Evaporating dishes (or crystallizing
dishes) are shallow bowls with a
flat bottom and pour spout that
may be used as reaction vessels,
or for the separation of the solute
from a solution through
crystallization.
CRUCIBLE AND COVER
• Crucible is used in the laboratory
to contain chemical compounds
when heated to extremely high
temperatures. ... Crucibles and
their covers are made of high
temperature-resistant materials,
usually porcelain, alumina or an
inert metal.
MORTAR AND PESTLE
• A mortar is a vessel in which
substances are ground or crushed
with a pestle. A pestle is a tool
used to crush, mash or grind
materials in a mortar. In solid state
chemistry a mortar and pestle is
often used to prepare reactants for
a solid state synthesis (the
ceramic method).
 FUNNEL
• A funnel is a tube or pipe that is
wide at the top and narrow at the
bottom, used for guiding liquid or
powder into a small opening.
Funnels are usually made of
stainless steel, aluminium, glass,
or plastic.
 STIRRING ROD
• A glass stirring rod, glass rod,
stirring rod or stir rod is a piece of
laboratory equipment used to mix
chemicals. They are usually made
of solid glass, about the thickness
and slightly longer than a drinking
straw, with rounded ends.
 SPATULA
• Laboratory spatulas are utensils
that help with mixing, scraping,
and other tasks related to
transferring materials and samples
from one place to another. ...
Reusable spatulas are typically
made of stainless steel, which is
resistant to heat and cold, acids,
bases, solvents, and other
chemicals.
 TONGS
• Crucible tongs are scissor-like
tools, but instead of having two
blades, these tools are replaced
with two pincers or pieces of
metals that concave together,
which allow the users to grasp a
hot crucible, flasks, evaporating
dishes, or even small beakers.
TEST TUBE HOLDER
• A test tube holder is used to hold
test tubes. It is used for holding a
test tube in place when the tube is
hot or should not be touched. For
example, a test tube holder can be
used to hold a test tube while it is
being heated.
 TEST TUBE BRUSH
• A test tube brush or spout brush is
a brush used for cleaning test
tubes and narrow mouth
laboratory glassware,such as
graduated cylinders, burettes, and
Erlenmeyer flasks.
 TEST TUBE RACK
• Test tube racks are laboratory
equipment used to hold upright
multiple test tubes at the same
time. They are most commonly
used when various different
solutions are needed to work with
simultaneously, for safety reasons,
for safe storage of test tubes, and
to ease the transport of multiple
tubes. Test tube racks also ease
the organization of test tubes and
provide support for the test tubes
being worked with.
 IRON CLAMP
• An iron clamp is a piece of
laboratory equipment used to hold
things and is placed in an iron
stand to elevate other equipment
 IRON STAND
• iron stand supports the iron ring
when heating substances or
mixtures in a flask or beaker
(using a Bunsen burner) clamps
can also be used to hold
glasswares on the iron ring.
 IRON RING
• An iron ring or ring clamp is an
item of laboratory equipment
which comprises a conjoined metal
ring and radially-extending rod. In
some cases, the rod terminates in
a screw clamp for attachment to a
retort stand or other support; in
others, the rod may be attached to
a stand by means of a laboratory
clamp holder.
 TRIPOD
• A laboratory tripod is a three-
legged platform used to support
flasks and beakers. Tripods are
usually made of stainless steel or
aluminium and lightly built for
portability within the lab. Often a
wire gauze is placed on top of the
tripod to provide a flat base for
glassware.
 WIRE GAUGE
• It is thin metal sheet with net like
crosses is a sheet of thin metal
that has net-like crosses or a wire
mesh. Used on the support ring
that is attached to the ring stand
between the Bunsen burner and
the beakers to hold the beakers or
other glassware or flasks during
heating.
 BUNSEN BURNER
• A Bunsen burner, named after
Robert Bunsen, is a kind of gas
burner used as laboratory
equipment; it produces a single
open gas flame, and is used for
heating, sterilization, and
combustion. The gas can be
natural gas or a liquefied
petroleum gas, such as propane,
butane, or a mixture.
 ALCOHOL LAMP
• An alcohol burner or spirit lamp is
a piece of laboratory equipment
used to produce an open flame. It
can be made from brass, glass,
stainless steel or aluminium
TRIPLE BEAM BALANCE
• The triple beam balance is an
instrument used to measure mass
very precisely. Such devices
typically have a reading error of
±0.05 grams. Its name refers to its
three beams, where the middle
beam is the largest, the far beam
of medium size, and the front
beam the smallest.
PLATFORM BALANCE
• The platform balance is a form of
equal-arm balance in which two
flat platforms are attached to the
top side of the beam, one at each
end. Such a balance has a rider, or
weight, mounted on a bar that has
a calibrated scale, is parallel to the
beam, and connects the supports
of the two platforms.
ANALYTICAL BALANCE
• An analytical balance is a class of
balance designed to measure
small mass in the sub-milligram
range. The measuring pan of an
analytical balance is inside a
transparent enclosure with doors
so that dust does not collect and
so any air currents in the room do
not affect the balance's operation.
 SPRING BALANCE
• A spring scale or spring balance or
newton meter is a type of
mechanical force gauge or
weighing scale. It consists of a
spring fixed at one end with a
hook to attach an object at the
other.
LABORATORY THERMOMETER
• Laboratory thermometers are
devices used to measure
temperature. There are many
types of lab thermometers such as
differential, mechanical, logging,
etc. Laboratory thermometers are
progressively providing digital
reading displays and are input-
capable to computer and software
programs for logging purposes.
 MICROSCOPE
• A microscope is a laboratory
instrument used to examine
objects that are too small to be
seen by the naked eye. Microscopy
is the science of investigating
small objects and structures using
a microscope. Microscopic means
being invisible to the eye unless
aided by a microscope.
 Group the laboratory apparatuses
and equipment according to their
uses. See sample below.
Measuring
_________________ ________________ ________________ ________________
Liquid Volume

1. Beaker 1. 1. 1. 1.
2.
3.
4.