Scribd
Upload
40 views75 pages

Medication-Drug-Dosage-Calculation

The document outlines various systems of drug measurement including the Metric, Household, and Apothecary systems, detailing their units and conversions. It explains methods for calculating dosages using formulas such as the Basic Formula, Ratio and Proportion, and others, along with examples for clarity. Additionally, it provides exercises for converting units of weight and volume, and calculating individualized drug doses based on body weight.

Uploaded by

jeon03171
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
40 views75 pages

Medication-Drug-Dosage-Calculation

The document outlines various systems of drug measurement including the Metric, Household, and Apothecary systems, detailing their units and conversions. It explains methods for calculating dosages using formulas such as the Basic Formula, Ratio and Proportion, and others, along with examples for clarity. Additionally, it provides exercises for converting units of weight and volume, and calculating individualized drug doses based on body weight.

Uploaded by

jeon03171
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 75

Procedures

Drug
Medication
Calculation
Systems of Drug Measurement
 Different systems available;

 Metric System
 Household System
 Apothecary System
 Solutions
Systems of Drug Measurement

 Metric System: In this system, metric units are used. e.g.


milligram,gram, milliliter, liter....

 Household System: household measures include drops, table


spoons or cup for measuring medication. Their disadvantages is
their inaccuracy. Household utensils such as teaspoons and cups
vary in size.
Metric System Household System

1 ml 15 drops

5 ml 1 teaspoon

15 ml 1 tablespoon
cont...Systems of Drug
Measurement
 Apothecary System: It is older system. The basic unit of weight
in the apothecary system is the grain (gr) and the basic unit of
volume is the minim.

 Solution: A solution is a given mass of solid substance dissolved


in a known volume of fluid or a given volume of liquid dissolved
in a known volume of another fluid. For example, a 10% solution
is 10 g of solid dissolved in 100 ml of solution.
Metric System Apothecary System
1 mg 1/60 grain

60 mg 1 grain

1 gram 15 grains

4g 1 dram

30 g 1 ounce

500 g 1.1 pound (lb)

1 ml 15-16 minims

5 ml 1 fluid dram

30 ml 1 fluid ounce

500 ml 1 pint

1L 1 quart

4L 1 gallon
Converting Units of Weight and
Measure
 Converting weights within the metric system
 Converting Units of Volume
 Converting units of Weight
 Converting weights within the metric system: to convert
measurement within one system simply divide or multiply.

e.g. To change milligrams to grams, divide by 1000, moving the


decimal 3 points to the left.

1000 mg = 1g
350 mg = 0.35 g
 Converting units of volume: liters and
milliliters are the volumes commonly use
in preparing solutions for enemas, irrigating
solutions for bladder irrigations and
solutions for cleaning open wounds.
 Coverting units of weight: The units of weight
commonly used in nursing practice are the gram,
milligram, and kilogram.

e.g. When converting pounds to kilogram, converts


by dividing or multiplying by 2.2

2.2 lb = 1 kg
110 lb = x kg
x = 110 lb
2.2
= 50 kg
Exercises:

1. 750 mg covert to g
2. 2.5 liters convert to ml
3. 50 kg convert to lb
4. 0.008 g convert to mg
Methods of Calculating Dosages
 Basic Formula
 Ratio and Proportion Method
 Fractional Equation Method
 Dimentional Analysis
Basic Formula

Desired Dose (D) x Volume (V)= Amount to Dminister


Dose on Hand (H)

Example:
Order: Erythromycin 500 mg
Onhand: 250 mg in 5 ml

D= 500 mg H=250 mg V=5 ml

500 mg x 5 ml = 2500 = 10ml


250 mg 250
Example:
Order: Lanoxin (Digoxin) 0.5 mg dily
Onhand: Lanoxin (Digoxin)250 mcg/tab

convert 0.5 mg to mcg


0.5 mg= 500 mcg

D= 500 mcg H=250 mg V= 1 tab

500 mcg x 1 tab = 2 tablets


250 mcg
 Calculating dose according to body weight:

The steps involved in calculating an individualized done are as


follows:

1. Convert pounds to kilograms.


2. Determine the drug dose per body weight by multiplying drug
dose x body weight x frequency.
3.Choose a method of drug calculation to determine the amount
of medication to administer.
Example:
Order: Keflex, 20 mg/kg/day in three divided doses. The client
weighs 20 pounds
Onhand: Keflex oral suspesion 125 mg per 5 ml

20mg x 9kg =1 day= 180 mg/day


20 lbs / 2.2= 9kg
180 / 3 divided doses =60mg per dose

60 mg x 5 ml = 300 = 2.4 ml
125 mg 125
 Formulas for Intravenous Calculations:

You might also like