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POLGOV2024Presentation3

The document outlines the lesson objectives related to understanding power in politics, including its nature, dimensions, types, and authority. It emphasizes the importance of power in decision-making, governance, and societal order, while also discussing various instruments and types of power such as hard, soft, and reward-based power. Additionally, it poses reflective questions and includes a check-up section to assess understanding of the concepts presented.

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Nosh Jimenez Valdez
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10 views28 pages

POLGOV2024Presentation3

The document outlines the lesson objectives related to understanding power in politics, including its nature, dimensions, types, and authority. It emphasizes the importance of power in decision-making, governance, and societal order, while also discussing various instruments and types of power such as hard, soft, and reward-based power. Additionally, it poses reflective questions and includes a check-up section to assess understanding of the concepts presented.

Uploaded by

Nosh Jimenez Valdez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LESSON OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:

 Understand the concept of power


 Identify the nature, dimensions, and types of power
 Define and enumerate the types of authority
 Analyze how power is exercised in various situations

ESSENTIAL QUESTION
Why is the role of power in politics important?
Introductory
EXPLORE Activity

Draw one object that symbolizes power for you, be it a


household item, a logo, equipment, etc. Write down the
reason why this symbol represents power below the drawing.
What and how that symbol of power will serve you?

1 whole sheet of paper


WHAT IS POWER?
 From the Latin word ‘potere’ meaning ‘to be able.’
 The ability to achieve a desired outcome (Heywood 2013)
 Power implies the capability to produce preferred results
through whatever means possible.
 In terms of politics, power is a key resource that people in
authority use to serve and even control their constituents.
 Politics then can be defined in terms of power – the
distribution, exercise, and consequence of power. (Hay 2002)
INSTRUMENTS OF POWER
1. POWER THROUGH THE
USE OF FORCE
Exercised
using force to
compel people
to comply with
policies set by
the authority.
INSTRUMENTS OF POWER
2. POWER THROUGH
PERSUASION
Ability to
convince people
that a certain
measure, action,
or decision is
correct and valid.
INSTRUMENTS OF POWER
3. POWER THROUGH
LOYALTY

Shown in the
devotion of
constituents to fulfill
a popular leader’s
aspirations.
DIMENSIONS OF POWER
1. DECISION-MAKING POWER
Involves measures and actions that
control or influence decisions.
Government Policies: A city mayor
decides to impose a curfew to reduce
crime. This decision directly affects
the movement of residents.
DIMENSIONS OF POWER
2. NON-DECISION-MAKING
POWER
Involves controlling the political agenda, where
issues or proposals get discussed or barred from the
political arena.
Government Agenda Control: A legislative committee
refuses to discuss a proposed law on higher minimum
wages, preventing it from being voted on.
DIMENSIONS OF POWER
3. POWER AS THOUGHT
CONTROL
Involves influencing others by shaping
their thoughts and preferences.
State-Controlled Media: A government
tightly controls news outlets, only allowing
reports that support its policies and
suppressing criticism.
TYPES OF POWER
1. HARD POWER
Focuses on military
interventions and
economic sanctions
(Trade Embargo) to
achieve national
interests or penalize
other states.
TYPES OF POWER
#1 is also considered as Coercive Power
Example: Dictatorships that suppress
opposition through military force.
Consequences:
 Fear and suppression of dissent.
 Potential human rights violations.
 Risk of rebellion or resistance.
Illustration: A police force controlling a
protest.
TYPES OF POWER
2. SOFT POWER

Uses persuasion and


other means of appeal
and attraction to
achieve a desired
outcome instead of
coercion.
TYPES OF POWER
#2 is also considered as Persuasive Power
Power that convinces or influences others
without force.
Example: Political campaigns persuading
voters through speeches.
Consequences:
+ Encourages democratic participation.
- Can be used for manipulation or
misinformation.
TYPES OF POWER
3. REWARD-BASED POWER
Power based on providing rewards or
benefits.
Example: Politicians promising tax
cuts to gain support.
Consequences:
+ Encourages loyalty and motivation.
- Can lead to favouritism and
corruption.
WHAT IS AUTHORITY?
Authority refers to the right to influence
the behaviour of others based on the
duty to obey. (Heywood 2013)
Legitimacy is defined as ‘rightfulness’ and an
autoritative, binding character on a command,
implying a duty to obey. (Heywood 2013)
TYPES OF AUTHORITY
1. TRADITIONAL AUTHORITY

Derived from
traditions, customs,
and institutions (Phil.
Presidency since the
1935 constitution).
TYPES OF AUTHORITY
2. CHARISMATIC AUTHORITY
Derived from the public perception of a
leader.
Example: Rodrigo Duterte – Gained
massive public support due to his
strongman image, direct speech, and tough
stance on crime, making many Filipinos
trust his leadership.
TYPES OF AUTHORITY
3. LEGAL-RATIONAL
AUTHORITY
Derived from the formulation and
enforcement of laws from an official
position or recognized authority.
Example: A president or a judge making legal
decisions.
Consequences:
+ Ensures order and stability.
- Can be abused if unchecked.
Reflection and Discussion Questions
 Which type of power do you think is most effective
in politics? Why?
Persuasive power is often the most effective because
it encourages voluntary support and democratic
participation.

Example: A leader who wins elections by inspiring people


through speeches and policies rather than using force or
threats.
 Can a leader use multiple types of power
simultaneously?
Yes, a leader can use multiple types of power
depending on the situation.

Example: A president may use legitimate power to


enforce laws, persuasive power to gain public trust,
and reward power to encourage loyalty among
supporters.
 How can power be kept in check to prevent
abuse?

Power can be checked through laws, independent


institutions, and public accountability.

Example: A democratic government with checks and


balances, like courts reviewing laws and the media
exposing corruption.
CONCLUSION
Why is the role of power in politics important?

Power is essential in politics because it determines


how decisions are made, who controls resources, and
how authority is enforced. It influences governance,
policy-making, and societal order. Power can be exercised
in different forms and each form has consequences,
shaping political stability, public trust, and governance
effectiveness.
CHECK-UP ON LESSON 3
A.Multiple Choice
1. Defined as ‘rightfulness’ and an authoritative, binding character on a command,
implying a duty to obey.
A) Authority B) Legitimacy C) Power D) Compliance
2. Authority type where people see the leader as a hero or saviour.
A) Charismatic B) Traditional C) Legal-Rational D) Modern
3. Ability to achieve a desired outcome with whatever means.
A) Authority B) Legitimacy C) Power D) Compliance
4. Makes use of military interventions and economic sanctions to forward national
interests.
A) Thin Power B) Soft Power C) Fat Power D) Hard Power
5. Power shown through devotion of constituents in achieving the leader’s
aspiration.
A) Use of force B) Persuasion C) Loyalty D) Intimidation
6. Ability to convince people of the validity of the policy.
A) Use of force B) Persuasion C) Loyalty D) Intimidation
7. “Thought- _______” is the power to shape other people’s thoughts and
preferences.
A) Control B) Power C) Direction D) Decision
8. Capacity to use appeal and attraction to achieve a desired outcome.
A) Thin Power B) Soft Power C) Fat Power D) Hard Power
9. Power to influence people’s behavior in a way for them to comply with certain
policies.
A) Non-decision-making power B) Decision-making power
C) Power as thought-control D) Power through force
11. A judge making legal decisions is an example of which type of Authority?
A) Persuasive B) Legal-Rational C) Reward C) Coercive

12. Which is based on offering incentives or benefits?


A) Reward power B) Persuasive power C) Coercive power D) Legitimate power

13. A politician using speeches and campaigns to gain public support is an example
of:
A) Coercive power B) Legitimate power C) Persuasive power D) Reward power

14. What is a possible consequence of unchecked legitimate power?


A) Increased public trust B) Potential for abuse and corruption C) Greater voter
participation D) Improved policy implementation
15. Compelling individuals to comply through varying levels of effort from
warnings or physical means.
A) Non-decision-making power B) Decision-making power
C) Power as thought-control D) Power through force

B. CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE TEST: 5 pts each


1. What do you think are the advantages and dangers of power? Explain.
2. Is power really important in keeping order within a state? Explain.
3. Do you think there will be a time when power is no longer needed? Explain.
The End

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