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An ellipse is defined as the set of points in a plane where the sum of distances from two fixed points (foci) is constant, with its shape determined by the eccentricity ratio. Key properties include the lengths of the major and minor axes, the center, vertices, and co-vertices, as well as the latus rectum. The document also outlines theorems related to the general equation of an ellipse and the calculation of eccentricity.

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Tryziah Javier Nuñez
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23 views24 pages

Inbound 3282384721115332011

An ellipse is defined as the set of points in a plane where the sum of distances from two fixed points (foci) is constant, with its shape determined by the eccentricity ratio. Key properties include the lengths of the major and minor axes, the center, vertices, and co-vertices, as well as the latus rectum. The document also outlines theorems related to the general equation of an ellipse and the calculation of eccentricity.

Uploaded by

Tryziah Javier Nuñez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INTRODUCTION TO

ELLIPSE

Josie S. Delos Santos, EdD


Master Teacher II
An ellipse is a set of all
points in a plane, the
sum whose distances
from two fixed points is a
constant
The fixed points are
called FOCI
The equation of an
ellipse is

X +y =1
2 2

a2 b 2
The ellipse can also be
defined as the locus of
points whose distance
from the focus is
proportional to the
horizontal distance from
a directrix, where the
ratio is less than 1.
The ratio is called
ECCENTRICITY of an
ellipse.

The shape of an ellipse is


dependent on the value
of eccentricity.
If e = 0, or c=o, then
a=b, the ellipse is a
circle

If e = 1, or c=a, then
b=0, the graph is a line
segment joining the foci.
Note:
as e increases from 0 to
1, the ellipse becomes
narrow.
The Center of an
ellipse is the
intersection of the
major axis and the
minor axis.
Axis of symmetry of
an ellipse is the line
that passes through
both foci and meets at
two points called
vertices
Major axis (traverse
axis) a line joining the
vertices and the foci
and has a length of
2a. The number a is
the semi-major axis of
the ellipse.
Minor axis (conjugate
axis) a line segment
which is perpendicular
bisector of the major
axis. With the length of
2b. The number b is the
semi-minor axis of the
ellipse.
Directrix a line such that
the ratio of distance of
the points on the conic
section from focus to its
distance from the
directrix is constant.
Latus Rectum (Latera
Recta). Is the chord that
passes through the
focus, and its
perpendicular to the
major axis and has both
endpoints on the curve.
The length of the Latus
Rectum of an ellipse is
twice the square of the
minor axis divided by the
length of the major axis

2b2
a
An ellipse has two latera
recta with a total length of

4b2
a
x 2 y2
=
+
a 2 b2 1

Horizontal ellipse
y 2 x2
=
+
b2 1
a2

Vertical ellipse
For simplicity, the following will be
represented as follows:
C= Center of the ellipse
f1,f2 = foci ( plural form of focus)
V1,V2 = vertices
B1,B2 = Co-Vertices (endpoint of
the minor axis
P(x,y)= any points along the ellipse
D1,D2 = Directrices
E1,E2,E3,E4 = Endpoints of Latera Recta

a= distance from the center to vertex


b= distance from the center to one
endpoint of the minor axis
c= distance from the center to focus
e= eccentricity
2a= length of the major axis
2b= length of the minor axis
PROPERTIES OF THE ELLIPSE
1. The length of the major axis is 2a
2. The length of the minor axis is 2b
3. The length of the latus rectum is b2/a
4. The center is the intercession of the access
5. The endpoints of the major axis are called vertices
6. The endpoints of the minor axis are called the
co-vertices
7. The line segment joining the vertices is called the
major axis.
PROPERTIES OF THE ELLIPSE
5. The endpoints of the major axis are called vertices
6. The endpoints of the minor axis are called the
co-vertices
7. The line segment joining the vertices is called the
major axis.
8. The line segment joining the co-vertices is called
the minor axis.
9. The eccentricity of the ellipse is 0<e<1.
Theorem
Theorem 3.1
if in the general equation of an
ellipse Ax2 + Cy2 +Dx+Ey+F=0, B=0
and C> 0, then the graph is ellipse, a
point or the empty set.
Theorem
Theorem 3.2
The eccentricity e of an ellipse is
the ratio of the undirected
distance between the foci to the
undirected distance between
vertices; that is e= c/a.

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