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Engineering Physics QA

The document outlines important questions and answers related to Engineering Physics, covering topics such as Relativistic Mechanics, Wave Optics, Quantum Mechanics, Semiconductor Physics, and Superconductivity & Nanotechnology. Key concepts include time dilation, the Michelson-Morley experiment, Young's Double-Slit Experiment, De Broglie hypothesis, and the Hall effect. It also discusses the properties and applications of nanomaterials and superconductors.

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2 views

Engineering Physics QA

The document outlines important questions and answers related to Engineering Physics, covering topics such as Relativistic Mechanics, Wave Optics, Quantum Mechanics, Semiconductor Physics, and Superconductivity & Nanotechnology. Key concepts include time dilation, the Michelson-Morley experiment, Young's Double-Slit Experiment, De Broglie hypothesis, and the Hall effect. It also discusses the properties and applications of nanomaterials and superconductors.

Uploaded by

anuragsaini4343
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Engineering Physics - Important

Questions & Answers


AKTU Syllabus | Top 5 Questions for
Each Unit
Relativistic Mechanics
What is the Michelson-Morley
experiment and its significance?
• It was an experiment to detect the existence
of aether. The null result led to the
development of Einstein’s Special Theory of
Relativity.
State and explain time dilation.
• Time dilation is the phenomenon where time
runs slower in a moving frame relative to a
stationary observer, given by Δt' = Δt / sqrt(1 -
v^2/c^2).
What is length contraction?
• Objects in motion appear shorter along the
direction of motion as per L = L0 * sqrt(1 -
v^2/c^2).
Derive the mass-energy relation.
• Einstein’s equation, E = mc^2, shows that
mass and energy are interchangeable.
Explain Lorentz transformation
equations.
• These equations relate space and time
coordinates between two inertial frames
moving at a velocity v.
Wave Optics
State and explain Young’s Double-
Slit Experiment.
• It demonstrates interference of light, proving
its wave nature.
Differentiate between Fresnel and
Fraunhofer diffraction.
• Fresnel diffraction occurs at a finite distance,
while Fraunhofer diffraction occurs at an
infinite distance.
What is thin film interference?
• It is interference caused by the reflection of
light in thin films, creating colorful patterns.
Define Brewster’s law.
• It states that light is completely polarized at an
angle where reflected and refracted rays are
perpendicular.
Explain Malus’ Law.
• It describes the intensity of polarized light
passing through an analyzer: I = I0 cos^2(θ).
Quantum Mechanics
State and explain De Broglie
hypothesis.
• It suggests that particles have wave nature,
with wavelength λ = h/p.
What is Heisenberg’s Uncertainty
Principle?
• It states that position and momentum cannot
be measured simultaneously with precision:
Δx Δp ≥ h/4π.
Derive Schrödinger’s time-
independent equation.
• It is derived from the energy conservation
principle, leading to Hψ = Eψ.
Explain the concept of a particle in
a box.
• A quantum particle in a box has discrete
energy levels, E = n²h²/8mL².
What is wave-particle duality?
• It suggests that light and matter exhibit both
wave-like and particle-like properties.
Semiconductor Physics
What are intrinsic and extrinsic
semiconductors?
• Intrinsic semiconductors are pure, while
extrinsic ones are doped to improve
conductivity.
Explain the Hall effect.
• It is the development of a voltage across a
conductor due to a perpendicular magnetic
field.
How does a PN junction diode
work?
• It allows current flow in one direction and
blocks it in the reverse direction.
What are LEDs and their working
principle?
• Light Emitting Diodes emit light when
electrons recombine with holes.
What are solar cells and their
working principle?
• They convert sunlight into electricity using the
photovoltaic effect.
Superconductivity &
Nanotechnology
What is the Meissner effect?
• It is the expulsion of magnetic fields from a
superconductor below its critical temperature.
Differentiate between Type I and
Type II superconductors.
• Type I shows complete Meissner effect, while
Type II allows partial penetration of the field.
Explain the BCS theory.
• It describes superconductivity as a result of
Cooper pairs formation.
What are nanomaterials and their
applications?
• Nanomaterials have extremely small
structures with applications in medicine,
electronics, and energy.
How are nanomaterials
synthesized?
• Methods include chemical vapor deposition,
sol-gel process, and ball milling.

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