Scribd
Upload
10 views16 pages

17- Convenience Sampling

The document discusses non-probability sampling, which involves selecting samples based on specific purposes rather than random selection, resulting in unequal chances of inclusion. It outlines various types of non-probability sampling methods, including judgment, convenience, quota, and snowball sampling, each with its own characteristics, advantages, and limitations. The document emphasizes the importance of sampling for studying large populations efficiently and accurately.

Uploaded by

Moiz Alam Vlogs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
10 views16 pages

17- Convenience Sampling

The document discusses non-probability sampling, which involves selecting samples based on specific purposes rather than random selection, resulting in unequal chances of inclusion. It outlines various types of non-probability sampling methods, including judgment, convenience, quota, and snowball sampling, each with its own characteristics, advantages, and limitations. The document emphasizes the importance of sampling for studying large populations efficiently and accurately.

Uploaded by

Moiz Alam Vlogs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

NON-PROBABILITY SAMPLING

Sampling
Measuring a small portion of something and then making
a general statement about the whole thing.

Process of selecting a number of units for a study in such


a way that the units represent the larger group from which
they are selected.
Why We Need Sampling?
 Sampling makes possible the study of a large, (different
characteristics) population.

 Sampling is for economy

 Sampling is for speed.

 Sampling is for accuracy.

 Sampling saves the sources of data from being all


consumed.
General Types of Sampling

1. Probability sampling

2. Non-probability sampling
Non-probability sampling
 Unequal chance of being included in the sample (non-random)

 Non random or non - probability sampling refers to the


sampling process in which, the samples are selected for a
specific purpose with a pre-determined basis of selection.
 The sample is not a proportion of the population and there is no system in
selecting the sample. The selection depends upon the situation.

 No assurance is given that each item has a chance of being included as a


sample

 There is an assumption that there is an even distribution of characteristics


within the population, believing that any sample would be representative.
Types of Non-Probability Sampling
Judgment or purposive or deliberate
sampling

Convenience sampling

Quota sampling

Snow Ball Sampling


1. Judgment or purposive or deliberate
sampling
In this method, the sample selection is purely based
on the judgment of the investigator or the
researcher. This is because, the researcher may lack
information regarding the population from which he
has to collect the sample. Population characteristics
or qualities may not be known, but sample has to be
selected.

In this method of sampling the choice of sample


items depends primarily on the judgment of the
researcher. In other words, the researcher
determines and includes those items in the sample
which he thinks are most typical of the universe with
regard to the characteristics of research project.
For example, suppose 100 boys are to be
selected from a college with 1000 boys. If
nothing is known about the students in this
college, then the investigator may visit the
college and choose the first 100 boys he
meets. Or he may select 100 boys all
belonging to III Year. Or he might select 25
boys from Commerce course, 25 from Science
courses, 25 boys from Arts courses and 25
from Fine arts courses. Hence, when only the
sample size is known, the investigator uses
his discretion and select the sample.
The use of judgment sampling is justified by following premises:

 If there are a small number of sampling units is in the universe,


judgment sampling enables inclusion of important units.

 Judgment stratification of population helps in obtaining a more


representative sample in case research study wants to look into
unknown traits of the population.

 Judgment sampling is a practical method to arrive at some solution


to everyday business problems.

Limitations:

 The judgment sampling involves the risk that the researcher may
establish conclusions by including those items in the sample which
conform to his preconceived ideas.

 There is no objective way of evaluating the reliability of sample


results.
2. Convenience sampling
 Convenience sampling is commonly known as unsystematic,
accidental or opportunistic sampling. According to this
procedure a sample is selected according to the convenience of
the investigator.

 In this method of sampling the choice of sample items depends


primarily on the judgment of the researcher. In other words, the
researcher determines and includes those items in the sample
which he thinks are most typical of the universe with regard to
the characteristics of research project.

 A type of non probability sampling which involves the sample


being drawn from that part of the population which is close to
hand. That is, readily available and convenient.

 For example, suppose 100 car owners are to be selected. Then


we may collect from the RTO's office the list of car owners and
A convenience sampling may be used in the
following cases:

i) When universe is not well defined,

ii) When sampling unit is not clear, and

iii) When complete list of the source is not


available.
3. QUOTA SAMPLING
 In this method, the sample size is determined first and then quota is
fixed for various categories of population, which is followed while
selecting the sample.

 In this method the quota has to be determined in advance and


intimated to the investigator. The quota for each segment of the
population may be fixed at random or with a specific basis. Normally
such a sampling method does not ensure representativeness of the
population.

 Example: - Suppose we want to select 100 students, then we might


say that the sample should be according to the quota given below :
Boys 50%, Girls 50% Then among the boys, 20% college students,
40% plus two students, 30% high school students and 10%
elementary school students. A different or the same quota may be
fixed for the girls.
MERITS OF QUOTA SAMPLING

 Reduces cost of preparing sample and field work, since


ultimate units can be selected so that they are close together.

 Introduces some stratification effect.

DEMERITS OF QUOTA SAMPLING

 Introduces bias of investigator is not involved at any stage,


the errors of the method cannot be estimated by statistical
procedures.

 Since random sampling is not involved at any stage, the


errors of the method cannot be estimated by statistical
procedures. Quota sampling is most commonly used in
marketing survey and election polls.
4. SNOWBALL SAMPLING
It refers to Identifying someone who meets
the criteria for inclusion in the study.

Selection of additional respondents is based


on referrals from the initial respondents.

You might also like