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Ellipse

The document provides a prayer and outlines objectives related to the study of ellipses in a pre-calculus context. It defines ellipses, describes their parts such as foci, major and minor axes, center, vertices, and covertices, and explains how to derive and graph the standard equation of an ellipse. Additionally, it includes examples to illustrate the concepts discussed.

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Christine Joy Ramirez
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2 views

Ellipse

The document provides a prayer and outlines objectives related to the study of ellipses in a pre-calculus context. It defines ellipses, describes their parts such as foci, major and minor axes, center, vertices, and covertices, and explains how to derive and graph the standard equation of an ellipse. Additionally, it includes examples to illustrate the concepts discussed.

Uploaded by

Christine Joy Ramirez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRAYER

Dear Lord,
We thank you a hundredfold of the love and
care have you given us. May we in return to your
good works by multiplying it with love and respect,
adding more faith, subtracting the unworldly
behavior and evil works and dividing your given
talents to others so that we can sum it all and be
united as one in your family. This we pray in Jesus
name, Amen.
ATTENDAN
CE
OBJECTIVES
Define a ellipse.
Discuss the parts of ellipse.
 Determine the standard form of
equation of an ellipse.
Graph an ellipse in a rectangular
coordinate system.
Convert the standard equation of an
ellipse to standard form and vice versa.
PRE
CALCULUS
ELLIPSE
DEFINITION OF ELLIPSE
Ellipses are the set of all
points in the Cartesian
plane, which have a sum of
distances from two fixed
points that is equal to a
constant. The fixed points
are called the foci of the
ellipse. (Figure 1)
DEFINITION OF ELLIPSE
We can also define ellipses
as conic sections that are
formed by cutting a cone
with a plane. For the ellipse
to be formed, the plane
must be inclined at an angle
to the base of the cone
(Figure 2.)
PARTS OF ELLIPSE
The following are parts of an
ellipse:
•Foci
•Major axis /Minor axis
•Center
•Focal length
•Vertices /Covertices
•Semi-minor axis /Semi-
major axis
PARTS OF ELLIPSE
FOCI
Ellipses have two foci,
which are fixed points that
are located on the major
axis. Along with the vertices,
the foci are used to define
the ellipses. The foci can be
denoted by the letter F.
PARTS OF ELLIPSE
MAJOR AXIS
The axes are lines of symmetry of the
ellipse. The axes are segments that extend
from one side of the ellipse to the other
side through the center. Therefore, the
axes are diameters, and the major axis is
the longest diameter of the ellipse.
The length of the major axis is
equivalent to the sum of the lengths from
any point on the ellipse to the two foci.
PARTS OF ELLIPSE
MINOR AXIS
The minor axis is
perpendicular to the major axis.
This axis is the shortest diameter of
the ellipse. The minor axis cuts the
major axis into two equal parts.
PARTS OF ELLIPSE
CENTER
The center of the ellipse is
located at the intersection of
the major axis and the minor
axis. Ellipses can have a center
at the origin (0, 0) or a center
at any other point (h, k).
PARTS OF ELLIPSE
COVERTICES
The covertices are the
endpoints of the minor axis.
These points represent the
intersection between the minor
axis and the ellipse.
PARTS OF ELLIPSE
SEMI-MAJOR AXIS
The semi-major axis represents
the segment that extends from the
center to a vertex of the ellipse. The
semi-major axis passes through one of
the foci and is exactly half of the major
axis.
PARTS OF ELLIPSE
SEMI-MINOR AXIS
The semi-major axis represents
the segment that extends from the
center to a vertex of the ellipse. The
semi-major axis passes through one of
the foci and is exactly half of the major
axis.
To work with horizontal and vertical
ellipses in the coordinate plane we consider
two cases: those that are centered at the
origin and those that are centered at a point
other than the origin. First, we will learn to
derive the equations of ellipses and then we
will learn how to write the equations of
ellipses in standard form. Then, we will draw
the graph of the ellipse.
DERIVATION OF A STANDARD
EQUATION OF ELLIPSE
To derive the equation of
an ellipse centered at the
origin, we begin with the foci

the set of all points (𝑥, 𝑦) such


(−𝑐,0) and (𝑐,0). The ellipse is

from (𝑥, 𝑦) to the foci is


that the sum of the distances

constant. Look at the figure


below.
EXAMPLE

Consider the points F1(−3, 0) and


F2(3, 0), as shown in the figure below.

What is the sum of the distances of A (4,


2.4) from F1 and from F2? How about the
sum of the distances of B (and C (0, −4))
from F1 and from F2?

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