READING AND

WRITING

ANGELICA H. BELAMIDE, LPT

SUBJECT TEACHER
Learning Competencies /
Objectives
Describes a written text as connected
discourse (EN11/12RWS-IIIa-1)
1. Identify the stages involved in the writing process.
2. Realize that writing is a recursive process.
How you give
description to the things
around you?
TEXT AS CONNECTED
DISCOURSE
“Nobody but a
reader ever
becomes a
writer.”
ACTIVITY # 1
Write a brief paragraph of 7
– 10 sentences about your
chosen photo.
SHARING OF INSIGHTS
1. How did you go through the process of
writing? (Students can enumerate the
processes they went through while doing
the writing activity.)
2. What are the problems that you encountered
while writing?
3. How did you try to solve these problems?
PREWRITING
It is the planning process, which
consists of determining your
purpose and audience, narrowing
your topic and creating a framework
for your documentation.
Think and Decide
Make sure you understand you’re details
Decide on a topic to write about.
See Prewriting Strategies and Narrow your
Topic
Consider who will read your work.
See Audience and Voice
Brainstorm ideas about the subject and how
those ideas can be organized. Make an outline.
See Outlines
 DRAFTING
It refers to actual writing of the words of
the paper. As part of the writing process,
you will write multiple drafts of your
paper. Each rough draft improves upon
the previous one. The final draft is simply
the last draft that you submit.
1. Writing the First Draft. Think your
ideas out loud before writing them
down so that the thoughts are
expressed clearly.
2. Re-Drafting. After completing the first
draft, wait for a few days before editing it.
3. Writing the Final Draft.
REVISING
Revision literally means to “see again,” to
look at something from a fresh, critical
perspective. It is an ongoing process of
rethinking the paper: reconsidering your
arguments, reviewing your evidence,
refining your purpose, reorganizing your
presentation, reviving stale prose.
1. read your text
2. diagnosing problems
3. generating solutions – deciding
on what needs to be done and in
what order, and
4. re-writing
EDITING
It involves looking at each sentence
carefully, and making sure that it's well
designed and serves its purpose.
Proofreading involves checking for
grammatical and punctuation errors,
spelling mistakes, etc. Proofing is the
final stage of the writing process.
1. beta readers,
2. self-editing,
3. story editing (which you may
know as developmental or content
editing),
4. copy editing,
5. final proofing.
Beta readers- gives feedback on early drafts
so the author knows what needs to be
improved. Writers can be blind to flaws in
their own work; they have the whole story
in their heads… regardless of what actually
made it onto the page. A third-party has
the requisite emotional distance to spot
such omissions. They come at your book
cold, pointing out any deficiencies.
Self-editing- Make no mistake: self-editing is not a
replacement for professional editing. Nor is it
optional for those already planning a professional
edit. It’s a compulsory step when editing a book
regardless. An editor is absolutely essential. But even
the best editor is limited by the manuscript in front
of them. The more you can improve your manuscript
before firing it over to your editor, the better the
final product will be. Self-editing will also improve
your overall skill as a writer. It will teach you to stop
repeating the same mistakes over and over again.
Story Editing-After you write your story,
the first step is a story edit, followed by
your rewrites. Then you'll do a copyedit
and finally a proofread. Story editing,
copyediting, and proofreading combined
make up the revision process. Following
this order will save you time on editing.
Copy editing - makes sure a piece of
writing is accurate, clear and correct. It's
the step that gets a text ready to publish.
Specifically, depending on the publication,
it involves most or all of the following:
Checking the facts (names, dates, times,
places, past events, etc.)
Final proof is a continuation of yeast
fermentation, which allows the molded
dough piece to relax and expand. A dough
piece that has gone through the sheeting
and molding process is degassed and lacks
volume. Final proofing produces an
aerated dough with optimum shape and
volume when baked.
PUBLISHING / presenting

It refers to sharing the final copy of your

writing.
Short Quiz
1.The stage of generating ideas; also
known as ideation or invention stage

A. prewriting B. publishing
C. revising D. editing
2. Nonstop writing for a set period of time;
one’s flow of words never ceases

A. drafting B.
brainstorming
C. free writing D. idea mapping
3. Allows one to connect the ideas about a
topic by thinking of related ideas through
lines and circles

A. brainstorming B. clustering
C. topic outlining D. free writing
4. The stage at which you share your
work with others

A. publishing B.
proofreading
C. prewriting D. drafting
5. During this stage, your goal is to organize
the facts and details you have accumulated
into unified paragraph; this stage involves
turning your ideas into paragraph

A. editing B. presenting
C. drafting D.
proofreading
1.The stage of generating ideas; also
known as ideation or invention stage

A. prewriting B. publishing
C. revising D. editing
1.The stage of generating ideas; also
known as ideation or invention stage

A. prewriting B. publishing
C. revising D. editing
2. Nonstop writing for a set period of time;
one’s flow of words never ceases

A. drafting B.
brainstorming
C. free writing D. idea mapping
2. Nonstop writing for a set period of time;
one’s flow of words never ceases

A. drafting B.
brainstorming
C. free writing D. idea mapping
3. Allows one to connect the ideas about a
topic by thinking of related ideas through
lines and circles

A. brainstorming B. clustering
C. topic outlining D. free writing
3. Allows one to connect the ideas about a
topic by thinking of related ideas through
lines and circles

A. brainstorming B. clustering
C. topic outlining D. free writing
4. The stage at which you share your
work with others

A. publishing B.
proofreading
C. prewriting D. drafting
4. The stage at which you share your
work with others

A. publishing B.
proofreading
C. prewriting D. drafting
5. During this stage, your goal is to organize
the facts and details you have accumulated
into unified paragraph; this stage involves
turning your ideas into paragraph

A. editing B. presenting
C. drafting D.
proofreading
5. During this stage, your goal is to organize
the facts and details you have accumulated
into unified paragraph; this stage involves
turning your ideas into paragraph

A. editing B. presenting
C. drafting D.
proofreading
Choral Reading
“I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings”
by Maya Angelou (Excerpt)

"What you looking at me for?

I didn't come to stay . . .“

I hadn't so much forgot as I couldn't bring myself to remember.

Other things were more important.
"What you looking at me for?
I didn't come to stay . . ."
Whether I could remember the rest of the
poem or not was immaterial. The truth of
the statement was like a wadded-up
handkerchief, sopping wet in my fists, and
the sooner they accepted it the quicker I
could let my hands open and the air would
cool my palms.
"What you looking at me for . . . ?"

The children's section of the Colored Methodist

Episcopal Church was wiggling and giggling over my
well-known forgetfulness.

The dress I wore was lavender taffeta, and each time

I breathed it rustled, and now that I was sucking in
air to breathe out shame it sounded like crepe paper
on the back of hearses.
As I'd watched Momma put ruffles on
the hem and cute little tucks around the
waist, I knew that once I put it on I'd
look like a movie star. (It was silk and
that made up for the awful color.) I was
going to look like one of the sweet little
white girls who were everybody's
dream of what was right with the world.
Hanging softly over the black Singer sewing
machine, it looked like magic, and when
people saw me wearing it they were going
to run up to me and say, "Marguerite
[sometimes it was 'dear Marguerite'],
forgive us, please, we didn't know who you
were," and I would answer generously, "No,
you couldn't have known. Of course I forgive
you."
Write a 150 – 200 word autobiography. The autobiography shall
highlight the valuable of the lessons that you have learned in your
lives as a student and as a member of your family. The autobiography
shall be graded based on the following rubric.

Quality of Information Grammar and Mechanics Organization of Ideas Neatness Timeliness

15 points 15 points 10 points 5 points 5 points