READING AND

WRITING SKILLS
DRILL
 DIRECTION:

ARRANGE THE JUMBLED

LETTER TO FORM A
WORDS
TNTASTEME
STATEMENT
STATEMENT:
• something that you
say or write which
gives information in a
formal or definite
way.
CMALII
CLAIM
CLAIM:
• when you express
your right to
something that
belongs to you,
like your medical
records or the
deed to your
NNIIOOP
OPINION
OPINION:
•a belief or
judgment that
falls short of
absolute
conviction,
certainty, or
positive
OUTECNR
COUNTER
COUNTER:
• to react to
something with
an opposing
opinion or
action.
CATF
FACT
FACT:
•a piece of
information
that is known to
be true or
accurate.
Formulating
Evaluative
Statements
What is an Evaluative
Statement?
• It is a statement that states one's sound
judgement about something through writing
which is supported by reasons and evidences.
It also presents the strengths and weaknesses
of something based on a set of criteria which
needs to be factual, substantial, and unbiased.
 How to Formulate an
Evaluative Statement:
• One needs to read the entire text
carefully and critically to understand
and to check for possible fallacies in
the argument presented by the writer.

• You may formulate your evaluative

statements in two ways such as
formulating assertions and
counterclaims.
POINTERS IN FORMULATING
EVALUATIVE STATEMENT
• Begin with the positives before you
point out the negatives. Remember
that your evaluative statement should
be factual, substantial and unbiased.
When giving your negative feedback, it
should not sound insulting on the part
of the evaluatee (one who is
evaluated).
POINTERS IN FORMULATING
EVALUATIVE STATEMENT
• Suggest a solution/s or
suggestion/s on how to improve the
written material being evaluated
and provide justification how these
will work.

• Keep your feedback concise and

precise.
POINTERS IN FORMULATING
EVALUATIVE STATEMENT
• Be careful in giving your
feedback. Since evaluations pass
judgment onto works of authors,
they must be written and
expressed with care and much
diligence.
 SITUATION:
A student was tasked to compose a poem that would express his
thoughts and feelings about various events around him. After a
while, he submitted it to his teacher before the set deadline. As the
teacher evaluated his output, she was impressed about the way the
student wrote his concrete poem using the shape of a dove as the
poem’s structure to help the readers to easily understand the
meaning of his writing. Surprisingly, he chose a theme about the
2019 CoronaVirus Disease that gives hope to the readers who may
be affected by the pandemic. In addition to this, a good physical and
grammatical arrangement of words were evidently shown.
Figurative languages and imagery were also used. However, the
teacher found out that the poem was written in forced rhyme that
may have caused him to use inappropriate words. Since the teacher
wanted to improve the writing skill of the student, she then
suggested to consider the use of appropriate language over rhyme
 EVALUATION:
1)You (referring to the writer) composed an impressive
poem. It has a good physical and grammatical
arrangement of words that enhance the readers’ overall
experience. Another good thing is that your chosen
theme is very timely that gives hope to the readers in
this time of pandemic. When it comes to the elements of
poetry, you used figurative languages and imagery that
added spice to the overall quality of your composition.
These literary devices stir up and startle the readers’
imagination. Furthermore, the choice of writing concrete
poetry (a poetry of which visual appearance matches the
topic of the poem) with a dove as the shape of the
poem’s structure contributes a lot in understanding the
 Explanation:
• The evaluation begins with an

evaluative statement that says, “You

(referring to the writer) composed an

impressive poem.” It is followed by

giving a positive feedback to the

writer specifying the strengths of the

poem
2)However, the rhyme of your
writing is forced. It seems that the
words were chosen for the sake of
having a rhyming effect that
somehow affects the emotional
connection between the reader
and the poem itself.

Explanation: In the second

paragraph, the evaluator
mentioned the weaknesses she
3)To improve your work, you
should be careful in choosing the
appropriate words to be used to
best express the meaning and
emotions you would like the
readers to understand and feel.
It should be considered over the
rhyme of the poem.
Explanation: Finally, a
suggestion was given to the
writer at the third paragraph
for the improvement of the
poem.
ASSERTION AND ITS
TYPES:
 What is assertion?
• Assertions are declarative
sentences that give one’s belief
about something else as if it is
true though it may not be. It is
expressed as an argument.
FOUR TYPES OF
ASSERTIONS
 FACT
• is a statement that can be proven
objectively by direct experience,
testimonies of witnesses, verified
observations, or the results of
research.
Example:
According to experts, seawater
contains high amounts of
minerals such as sodium,
chloride, sulphate, magnesium
and calcium. (The first sample
sentence is classified as a fact
since the mineral contents of
 CONVENTION
• is a way in which something is
done similar to traditions and
norms. Its truthfulness can be
verified only by reference to
historical precedents, laws,
rules, usage, and customs.
Example:
Seawater is classified as a
heterogenous and homogenous
mixture. (The second sample
sentence is a convention because
the classification of seawater is
based on the classification system
made by scientists and is
acceptable to the scientific
community.)
 What is assertion?
• Assertions are declarative
sentences that give one’s belief
about something else as if it is
true though it may not be. It is
expressed as an argument.
 OPINION
• is a statement based on facts but is
difficult to objectively verify because of the
uncertainty of producing satisfactory proofs
of soundness. Opinions result from
ambiguities; the more ambiguous a
statement, the more difficult it is to verify.
Thus, they are open to disputes.
Example:
Swimming in seawater is the
best activity to refresh and relax
your mind, body, and soul. (The
third sample sentence is an
opinion since the claim is difficult
to prove. The truthfulness of the
claim may be true to some but
not to others.)
 PREFERENCE
• states a personal choice in which the
writer is under no obligation to
support or prove the truthfulness of
the statement. They are subjective
and cannot be objectively proven or
logically attacked.
Example:
Example: I love to make frequent
trips to places with seawater
rather than those without it.
(The last sample sentence is a
preference because it expresses
the personal choice of the writer
to places with seawater over
those places without it.)
What is counterclaim?
• are claims made to rebut a
previous claim. To rebut means
to contradict someone’s
statement through a formal
argument. They provide a
contrasting perspective to the
main argument.
Four Elements of
Argument
 CLAIM
• is a statement that asserts
facts based on one’s
understanding about a
• In the topic
particular given or
example,
issue.Martha
asking his father to buy her a
smartphone is an example of a
claim.
 COUNTERCLAIM
• is just the opposite of claim. It is
a statement that one’s claim and
is usually proven and supported
by both reasons and evidences.
• Mang Tonyo’s negative response to
Martha’s claim is an example of
counterclaim.
 REASON
• is the part of an argument
where a statement offers an
explanation behind a party’s
claim.
• Martha’s offering of valid reasons
to convince Mang Tonyo that she
needs the smartphone is an
example of reason
 EVIDENCE
• is the statement that proves the
truth of a claim and generally
• leads to the conclusion of an
argument.
• Martha provides evidence of the
necessity of using smartphone as
part of the new normal life in the
time of CoronaVirus is an example
of evidence.
Thank You