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Lecture 2 Odontogenic Cyst

The document discusses dentigerous and eruption cysts, focusing on their definitions, clinical features, radiographic characteristics, pathogenesis, histopathology, and treatment options. Dentigerous cysts are the most common type of developmental odontogenic cysts, often associated with impacted teeth, while eruption cysts occur around teeth that have erupted through bone. Treatment typically involves marsupialization or enucleation with curettage and extraction of the affected tooth.

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Muhammad Nouman
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5 views

Lecture 2 Odontogenic Cyst

The document discusses dentigerous and eruption cysts, focusing on their definitions, clinical features, radiographic characteristics, pathogenesis, histopathology, and treatment options. Dentigerous cysts are the most common type of developmental odontogenic cysts, often associated with impacted teeth, while eruption cysts occur around teeth that have erupted through bone. Treatment typically involves marsupialization or enucleation with curettage and extraction of the affected tooth.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Nouman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cysts of Jaws and Oral Soft Tissues

Dentigerous and Eruption Cysts


Lecture-2

Dr Abdus Saboor
Assistant Professor
Saidu College of Dentistry
Dentigerous Cyst

• A dentigerous cyst encloses part or all of the


crown of an unerupted tooth.
• It is attached to the amelocemental junction.
• It arises in the follicular tissues covering the fully
formed crown of the unerupted tooth.
• Most common type of developmental odontogenic
cysts, forms about 20% of all jaw cysts.
• Formed due to accumulation of fluid between
reduced enamel epithelium and enamel surface.
Clinical Features

• They are about twice as common in males than in females.


• They are twice as common in the mandible than in the maxilla.
• The arch will clinically appear to be missing at least one tooth.
• Always associated with crown of impacted tooth.

•.
Clinical Features

• Most common site is mandibular third molar


followed by max cuspid & third molar and than
mandibular premolar .
• May also be found encircling compound
odontome or involving a supernumerary teeth
• Pain is not a feature unless there is secondary
inflammation.
• May cause displacement of tooth and press
against inferior mandibular nerve or cause
swelling of anterior maxilla in case of cuspids..
Radiographic Features

• A dentigerous
cyst presents as a
well-defined
unilocular,
radiolucency
associated.
• In some way with
the crown of an
unerupted tooth.
Pathogenesis

• Dentigerous cysts develop from the follicular


tissues, but the stimulus is unknown.
• One hypothesis suggests that compression of
the follicle by a potentially erupting but
impacted tooth increases the venous pressure
in the follicle.
• This leads to increased transudation of fluid.
• Pooling of this transudate separates the follicle
from the crown, resulting in cyst formation.
Pathogenesis

• Another hypothesis suggests that


the cysts arise as a result of
• Proliferation of the outer layers of the
reduced enamel epithelium during
eruption.
• It is followed by breakdown of cells
within the epithelial islands, leading to
cyst formation.
Pathogenesis

• Cyst may also arise as a result of spread of


periapical inflammation from a deciduous
predecessor.
• Which involves the follicle of the permanent
successor.
• Accumulation of inflammatory exudate in the follicle
leads to cyst formation.
• The mechanism of expansion of dentigerous cysts is
probably similar to that of radicular cysts.
Histopathology

• No characteristic microscopic feature which


distinguish it from other odontogenic cyst.
• Cyst is usually composed of thin stratified
squamous epiethelium lining and has thin
connective tissue wall.
• Rete ridge formation is absent except in
cases that are secondarily infected and quite
thickened connective tissue wall which is
composed of fibrous connective tissue.
• An additional feature is presence of islands
of odontogenic epithelium.
• In case of inflammation there is presence of
Rushton bodies in lining epithelium.
• Types; Central and Lateral.
Eruption cyst
Eruption cyst

• Defined as odontogenic cyst with


histologic features of dentigerous cyst
which surrounds the crown of tooth that
has erupted through bone but not soft
tissue.
• It is visible as soft fluctuant mass on
alveolar ridges.
Clinical features

• Deciduous as well as permanent teeth


are involved.
• With trauma blood may appear within
tissue space, forming so called eruption
hematoma.
Clinically it appears bluish because
of hemorrhage into the cyst cavity.
Treatment

Marsupilization (To reduce the size


before removal) fallowed by
Enucleation + Curettage.
OR
Treatment

Enucleation + Curettage with


extraction of the involved tooth.

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