Lesson 1

Information and Communication Technology

• Information is knowledge you can convey to others. • Technology is applications of scientific knowledge to
solve problem or perform a specific function.
• Knowledge gained through study, communication,
research, instruction. Examples

Methods for transfer of information The simplest form of technology is the development and
use of basic tools.
• Image
• Text
• Sound
• Video
Information and Communication Technology Information
Information Technology
• Use of computers to store, retrieve, transmit, and
manipulate data or information.
• Information technology involving the development,
maintenance, and use of computer systems, software,
and networks for the processing and distribution of
data.
History of ICT
ICT
ICT, or information and communications technology (or
technologies), is the infrastructure and components that
enable modern computing. Although there is no single,
universal definition of ICT, the term is generally accepted
to mean all devices, networking components,
applications and systems that combined allow people
and organizations (i.e., businesses, nonprofit agencies,
governments, and criminal enterprises) to interact in the
digital world.
Uses of ICT In Our Daily Lives
Communication
We I know that ICT take a major role for us by means of ICT allows students to monitor and manage their own
communicating, way back the past our parents use to learning, think critically and creatively, solve simulated
make letter and send it via post mail. real-world problems, work collaboratively, engage in
ethical decision-making, and adopt a global perspective
But now with the help of ICT it is easier to communicate
towards issues and ideas. It also provides students from
with our loved ones. We can use cellular phones that
remote areas access to expert teachers and learning
design for communicating with other people even they
resources and gives administrators and policy makers the
are miles away far from you.
data and expertise they need to work more efficiently.
Nowadays people are in touch with the help of ICT.
Through chatting, E-mail, voice mail and social
networking people communicate with each other. It is
the cheapest means of communication.
Uses of ICT In Our Daily Lives
Job Opportunities
In the employment sector, ICT enables organizations to Nowadays, employers expect their staff to have basic ICT
operate more efficiently, so employing staff with ICT skills. This expectation even applies to job roles where
skills is vital to the smooth running of any business. ICT skills may not have been an essential requirement in
Being able to use ICT systems effectively allows the past.
employees more time to concentrate on areas of their
Nowadays, finding a job is different, you can just use
job role that require soft skills.
your smart phone, laptop, desktop or any gadgets that is
For example, many pharmacies use robot technology to available in the comfort of your home.
assist with picking prescribed drugs. This allows highly
trained pharmaceutical staff to focus on jobs requiring
human intelligence and interaction, such as dispensing
and checking medication.
Uses of ICT In Our Daily Lives
Education
Information and Communications Technology (ICT) can When teachers are digitally literate and trained to use
impact student learning when teachers are digitally ICT, these approaches can lead to higher order thinking
literate and understand how to integrate it into skills, provide creative and individualized options for
curriculum. students to express their understandings, and leave
students better prepared to deal with ongoing
Schools use a diverse set of ICT tools to communicate,
technological change in society and the workplace.
create, disseminate, store, and manage information.(6)
In some contexts, ICT has also become integral to the
teaching- learning interaction, through such approaches
as replacing chalkboards with interactive digital
whiteboards, using students' own smartphones or other
devices for learning during class time, and the "flipped
classroom" model where students watch lectures at
home on the computer and use classroom time for more
interactive exercises.
Uses of ICT In Our Daily Lives
Socializing
Social media has changed the world. The rapid and vast As the ICT has become ubiquitous, faster and
adoption of these technologies is changing how we find increasingly accessible to non-technical communities,
partners, how we access information from the news, and social networking and collaborative services have grown
how we organize to demand political change. rapidly enabling people to communicate and share
interest in many more ways, sites like Facebook, Twitter
The internet and social media provide young people with
LinkedIn You tube, Flicker, second life delicious blogs
range of benefits, and opportunities to empower
wiki's and many more let people of all ages rapidly share
themselves in a variety of ways. Young people can
their interest of the movement without others
maintain social connections and support networks that
everywhere. But Facebook seems to be the leading areas
otherwise wouldn't be possible and can access more
of where people communicate and share their opinions.
information than ever before. The communities and
What a change! "Nothing is permanent, but change" (As
social interactions young people form online can be
Heraditus in the 4thcentury BC).
invaluable for bolstering and developing young people's
self-confidence and social skills.
Uses of ICT In Our Daily Lives
Socializing
Internet can be seen as the international networks of
interconnection of computer networks, the main
purpose for the institution of internet are quest for
information i.e., browsing, electronic mail, knew groups
fill transfer and access and use of another computer.
Socialization can be seen as a process by which a child
adapts a behavior to be an effective member of the
society, which can only be achieved through learning or
education.
Impact of ICT in The Society
Positive impacts of Information and Communication Technology
• Access to information: Increase in access information • Communication: Cost savings by using e.g. VoIP
and services that has accompanied the growth of the instead of normal telephone, email / messaging
Internet. Some of the positive aspects of this instead of post, video conferencing instead of
increased access are better, and often cheaper, traveling to meetings, e-commerce web sites instead
communications, such as VoIP phone and Instant of sales catalogues. Access to larger, even worldwide,
Messaging. markets.
• Improved access to education:, e.g., distance learning • Information management: Data mining of customer
and online tutorials. New ways of learning, e.g., information to produce lists for targeted advertising.
interactive multi-media and virtual reality. Improved stock control, resulting in less wastage,
better cash flow, etc.
• New tools, new opportunities: software and high-
quality printers, screen magnification or ICT gives • Security: ICT solves or reduces some security
access to new tools that did not previously exist problems, e.g., Encryption methods can keep data
digital cameras, photo-editing screen reading safe from unauthorized people, both while it is being
software enables partially sighted or blind people to stored or while it is being sent electronically.
work with ordinary text rather than Braille.
• ICT allows people to participate in a wider, even
worldwide, society
Impact of ICT in The Society
Positive impacts of Information and Communication Technology
• Distance learning: students can access teaching
materials from all over the world.
• ICT facilitates the ability to perform 'impossible'
experiments' by using simulations.
• Creation of new more interesting jobs. Examples
would be systems analysts, programmers and
software engineers, as well as help desk operators
and trainers.
Impact of ICT in The Society
Negative impacts of Information and Communication Technology
• Job loss: Manual operations being replaced by • Reduced physical activity: This can lead to health
automation. e.g., robots replacing people on an problems such as obesity, heart disease, and
assembly line. Job export. e.g., Data processing work diabetes.
being sent to other countries where operating costs
• Cost: A lot of ICT hardware and software is expensive,
are lower. Multiple workers being replaced by a
both to purchase and to maintain. An ICT system
smaller number who can do the same amount of
usually requires specialist staff to run it and there is
work. e.g. A worker on a supermarket checkout can
also the challenge of keeping up with ever r-changing
serve more customers per hour if a bar-code scanner
technology.
linked to a computerized till is used to detect goods
instead of the worker having to enter the item and • Competition: this is usually thought of as being a
price manually. good thing, but for some organizations being exposed
to greater competition can be a problem. If the
• Reduced personal interaction: Most people need
organization is competing for customers, donations,
some form of social interaction in their daily lives, and
or other means of funding nationally or even
they do not get the chance to meet and talk with
internationally, they may lose out to other
other people they may feel Isolated and unhappy.
organizations that can offer the same service for less
money.
End of Lesson 1
Any Questions?