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2.BTC302

The document outlines the considerations and strategies for developing industrial microbial strains, focusing on the upstream, midstream, and downstream processes involved in fermentation and product separation. It emphasizes the criteria for selecting microorganisms, screening methods, and strain improvement techniques, both with and without foreign DNA. Additionally, it discusses the importance of identifying desired microbial strains through various methods, including morphology and biochemical tests.

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Snehasis
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10 views25 pages

2.BTC302

The document outlines the considerations and strategies for developing industrial microbial strains, focusing on the upstream, midstream, and downstream processes involved in fermentation and product separation. It emphasizes the criteria for selecting microorganisms, screening methods, and strain improvement techniques, both with and without foreign DNA. Additionally, it discusses the importance of identifying desired microbial strains through various methods, including morphology and biochemical tests.

Uploaded by

Snehasis
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Development of Industrial

strains
List of considerations for the strain development and fermentation contribute to improving microbial strain’s
production performance

Upstream process Mid stream process Downstream process


(strain development) (fermentation) (separation and
purification)
Selection of inoculum Lesser time Separation
microorganism from
sup : easy
Inhibitor resistant Reaction at RT Concentration of the
product should be high
Gene cloning : improve Cost effective enzymes Reduction mechine
production of bio requied
product
Broader specificity Homogeneity reaction Recycle of media
towards substrate mix
Byproduct production Byproduct can be used
decrease GMO as catalyst
Strategy
for
developin
g
industrial
microbial
cells
Characteristics of industrial strains
CRITERIA FOR CHOICE OF MICROORGANISMS
- Produces spores or can be easily inoculated
- genetically stable and rapid cell growth on a large scale in
inexpensive medium
- Produces desired product quickly at high rate
- Ability to utilize wide variety of inexpensive substrates
- Shorter time for fermentation
- Fewer byproducts which makes simple downstream processing
- Should not be pathogenic
- Amenable to genetic manipulation
- Ready harvesting ability of the product
Identification of an appropriate strain

Screening

1. Need of screening
2. Choice of the microbes
3. Strategies
4. types

Strain improvement

5. Without foreign DNA


6. With foreign DNA
Screening

The use of highly selective procedures to allow the detection and isolation of only
those microorganisms which are of interest from a large microbial population.
What screening does ???
Screening allows the discuding of many valueless microorganisms, at the same
time it allows the easy detection of useful microorganisms that are present in the
population in very large number.

● Screening should never be considered as routine method.


● There are no universal methods for screening
Strategies for screening
ISOLATION OF MICROBES FROM NATURAL SOURCES

IDENDIFICATION OF DESIRED MICROBES

SCREENING OF DESIRED MICROBES

INOCULUM PREPARATION

STRAIN IMPROVEMENT

BIOPROCESS
SHOTGUN WAYS TO OBJECTIVE
APPROCH SCREEN APPROACH
MICRO
ORGANISM
S

SHOTGUN APPROACH DEALS WITH SEARCHIN A MICROBE FROM ANY NATURAL


SOURCE AND THE SCREENING IT FOR THE DESIRED TRAIT.

OBJECTIVE APPROACH IS MORE SPECIFIC IN WHICH MICROBES ARE ISOLATED


FROM A SPECIFIC SITE WHERE THE DESIRED TRAIT IS LIKELY TO OCCUR.
ISOLATION OF MICROORGANISMS
PRODUCTING METABOLITES OF ECONOMIC
IMPORTANCE

SOIL TREE TRUNK WATER BODY


ENRICHMENT IS DONE AFTER ISOLATION
ENRICHMENT CAN BE ONE BY ADDING THE REQUIRED SUBSTANCE INTO
THE MEDIUM.

1. ENRICHMENT WITH THE SUBSTRATE UTILISED BY THE MICRO


ORGANISM

2.ENRICHMENT WITH TOXIC ANALOGUES OF THE SUBSTRATE UTILIZED


BY THE ORGANISM

3.TESTING MICROBILA METABOLITES FOR BIOACTIVE ACTIVITY


IDENTIFICATION OF IMPORTANT MICRBIAL
STRAINS
● MORPHOLOGY OF THE MICROBE

● SELECTION AND DIAGNOSTIC MEDIA

● CULTURE CHARACTERISTICS

● ADDITIONAL BIOCHEMICAL TESTS

● PROFILE OF MICROBIAL STRAIN

● RAPID IDENTIFICATION METHODS


MORPHOLOGY :
DEALS WITH STRUCTURE AND FORM OF
THE MICROBE SUCH AS SHAPE , LEGTH,
MOTILITY, PRESENCE OF FLAGELLA,
CAPSULE, SPORES ETC.

SELECTION AND DIAGNOSTIC MEDIA

FAVOURS THE GROWTH OF A PARTCULAR


TYPE OF MICROBES SUCH AS MANNITOL
SALT AGAR FAVOURS THE GROWTH OF S.
AUREUS
● CULTURE CHARACTERISTICS

THESE CHARACTERISTICS INCLUDE


SHAPE, MARGIN, ELEVATION,
COLOUR ETC

● BIOCHEMICAL TESTS:

SEVERAL BIOCHEMICAL TESS CAN


BE DONE FOR IDENTIFICATION OF
MICROBES
PROFILE OF MICROBE:
BASED UPON STAINING METHODS
MICROBES CAN BE IDENTIFIED

RADIP IDENTIFICATION
METHODS
THESE INCLUDE METHODS LIKE
SEM AND TEM

S. aureus UNDER SEM


Methods of industrial strain development

Strain Improvement

Most of the strain improvement procedures aims to increase the yield of the
product

Without foreign DNA With foreign DNA


Without foreign DNA
● Optimization of microbial activity
● Optmization of enviormental parameters
● Nutrition etc
With foreign DNA

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