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Dependent-and-independent-variables

The document explains the concepts of independent and dependent variables, highlighting their roles in research to establish cause-and-effect relationships. It defines independent variables as those manipulated by researchers, while dependent variables are the outcomes measured in response to changes in the independent variables. Real-life examples and recognition criteria for both types of variables are also provided to enhance understanding.

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10 views19 pages

Dependent-and-independent-variables

The document explains the concepts of independent and dependent variables, highlighting their roles in research to establish cause-and-effect relationships. It defines independent variables as those manipulated by researchers, while dependent variables are the outcomes measured in response to changes in the independent variables. Real-life examples and recognition criteria for both types of variables are also provided to enhance understanding.

Uploaded by

kimkim1609.thehottest
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Independent and

Dependent Variables

Discover the core concepts of


dependent and independent
variables.
Lesson Outline
• Dependent and independent
variables
• Real-life examples of dependent
and independent variables
Variables

Researchers often manipulate or


measure independent and
dependent variables in studies to
test cause-and-effect relationships.
Cause and Effect
Can you match the cause to its corresponding effect?

CAUS EFFEC
E T in the
decrease
continuous
number of grocery
rainy season items you can buy
increased price of increase in
goods umbrella sales
Independent Variable
It is the variable that, when changed, will have an
effect on the other variable.

continuous rainy
Which of the two
season
is an independent
increase in variable?
Why?
umbrella sales
Independent Variables

The independent variable is the


cause. Its value is independent of
other variables in your study.
Independent Variables

An independent variable is the variable you


manipulate or vary in an
experimental study to explore its effects.
It’s called “independent” because it’s not
influenced by any other variables in the
study.
Independent Variables

An independent variable is the variable you


manipulate or vary in an
experimental study to explore its effects.
It’s called “independent” because it’s not
influenced by any other variables in the
study.
Independent Variables

An independent variable is the variable you


manipulate or vary in an
experimental study to explore its effects.
It’s called “independent” because it’s not
influenced by any other variables in the
study.
Recognizing independent
variables
• Is the variable manipulated, controlled, or used as a
subject grouping method by the researcher?
• Does this variable come before the other variable in
time?
• Is the researcher trying to understand whether or
how this variable affects another variable?
Dependent Variable
It is the variable whose value depends on the
other variable.

Time (in hours) spent


Exam Score
studying:

4 84 Which of the two is


3 80
a dependent variable?
Why?
6 95

2 76
Dependent Variables

The dependent variable is the


effect. Its value depends on
changes in the independent
variable.
Dependent Variables

The dependent variable is what you record after


you’ve manipulated the independent variable.
You use this measurement data to check
whether and to what extent your independent
variable influences the dependent variable by
conducting statistical analyses.
Dependent Variables

A dependent variable is the variable that


changes as a result of the independent
variable manipulation. It’s the outcome
you’re interested in measuring, and it
“depends” on your independent variable.
Recognizing dependent
variables
• Is this variable measured as an outcome of the
study?
• Is this variable dependent on another variable in the
study?
• Does this variable get measured only after other
variables are altered?
Example
You design a study to test whether changes in room
temperature have an effect on math test scores.
Your independent variable is the temperature of the room. You
vary the room temperature by making it cooler for half the
participants, and warmer for the other half.
Your dependent variable is math test scores. You measure the
math skills of all participants using a standardized test and
check whether they differ based on room temperature.
Example

The Effect of Intermittent Fasting on


Blood Sugar Levels
IV- Presence or absence of intermittent
fasting

• DV- Blood sugar levels


Look around you!

Explore your surroundings and look for


scenarios where input and output are
at play.
Share it with the class next
session.
Reference
https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/independent-and-dependent-variables/

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