Subpart C Sections

• 1926.20 General safety and health

provisions
• 1926.21 Safety Training and
Education
• 1926.23 First aid and medical
attention
• 1926.24 Fire protection and
prevention
 Subpart C Sections
• 1926. 25 Housekeeping
• 1926.26 Illumination
• 1926.27 Sanitation
• 1926.28 Personal protective
equipment
 Citations issued in 2000
No safety training for
employees
Jobsite inspections
by competent person
No Accident
Prevention Program
Poor housekeeping
Subpart C - General Safety & Health
(1926.20 - 35)

Employee training programs

21(b)(2) 785

Inspections by competent person

20(b)(2) 595
Standard - 1926.

Initiate and maintain accident prevention programs

20(b)(1) 388

Housekeeping
25(a) 212

Personal protective
28(a) equipment
98
 Definitions
• Competent Person: Has authorization
to take corrective action & is able to
recognize existing and predictable
hazards.
• Authorized Person: A person
assigned by the employer to perform a
duty or to be at a particular jobsite.
 Definitions

• Construction Work: means work for

construction, alteration, and/or repair,
including painting and decorating.
• Employer: means contractor or
subcontractor.
 Definitions
• Qualified: means one who, by
possession of a:
– recognized degree,
– certificate, or
– professional standing, or
– who by extensive knowledge, training, and
experience,
has successfully demonstrated his ability
to solve or resolve problems relating to
the subject matter, the work, or the
project.
1926.20 Contractor Requirements

• No laborer or mechanic performing

contract allowed to work under working
conditions which are:
– Unsanitary
– Hazardous
– Dangerous
• To their health or safety
 1926.20 Accident Prevention

• Responsibility of
employer to initiate
and maintain
programs
necessary to
comply CFR Part
1926 Construction
Industry
 Machinery and Tools
• Must be in compliance with regulations
• Tools not in compliance must be
identified as unsafe by:
– Tagging or locking controls to render
inoperable
– Physically removed from
place of operation
Training and Experience

• Employer shall
permit only those
employees qualified
by training or
experience to
operate equipment
or machinery
 1926.21 Safety Training and
Education
• Instruct each employee in
the recognition and SAFETY
avoidance of unsafe
conditions.
• All 1926 regulations that
apply to the work.
• Control or eliminate any
hazards or other exposure
to illness or injury.
 1926.21 Safety Training and
Education
• Employees required to handle poisons,
caustics & other harmful substances
shall be instructed in such handling and
use
 1926.21 Safety Training and
Education
• Instruction on avoiding injury from
plants & animals where present & first
aid procedures to be used in the event
of injury
 1926.21 Safety Training and
Education
• Employees required to enter confined spaces
instructed to nature of hazards involved
• Necessary precautions
• Use of PPE
 1926.21 Safety Training and
Education
• Confined space:
– Limited means of egress
– Subject to accumulation of hazardous
contaminants or,
– Oxygen deficient atmosphere
– Tanks, bins, boilers, ducts, pipelines,
open-topped spaces more than 4 feet
deep
1926.23 First aid and medical
attention
• Provisions made by
employer for every
employee for:
– First aid,
– Medical attention, and
– Emergency facilities
 1926.24 Fire Protection
• Employer responsible
for the development
and maintenance of an
effective program at the
jobsite throughout all
phases of the
construction, repair or
demolition work
1926.24 Fire Protection
• Ensure availability
of fire protection
equipment as
required by
Subpart F of this
part
 1926.25 Housekeeping
• Form and scrap lumber with protruding
nails and all other debris kept cleared
from work areas.
• Combustible scrap removed
at regular intervals.
 1926.25 Housekeeping
• Containers provided for collection of
wastes
• Covered for flammable, hazardous
wastes
1926.26 Illumination
• Construction areas,
aisles, stairs, ramps,
corridors, offices &
storage where work
is in progress shall
be lighted with
natural or artificial
illumination
 1926.27 Sanitation
• Sanitation requirements are found in
Subpart D (1926.51)
• Cover requirements for drinking water
(potable).
• Water for other purposes.
• Toilet requirements.
• Eating and drinking areas.
• Vermin control.
 Personal Protective Equipment
• Employer is responsible
1926.28
for requiring the wearing
of appropriate personal
protective equipment in
all operations where
there is an exposure to
hazardous conditions
• Includes fall protection.
Acceptable Certifications 1926.29
• Pressure vessels
• Boilers
Shipbuilding and Repairing 1926.30
• Safety and health
regulations in part 1915
of this title, Shipyard
Employment apply
Incorporation by Reference 1926.31
• Only the mandatory
provisions (containing
the word “shall”) of
standards
incorporated by
reference are adopted
as standards under
OSHA
 Definitions 1926.32

• ANSI: means American National

Standards Institute.
• With reference to standards:
– Shall: means mandatory.
– Should: means recommended
Access to Medical Records 1926.33

• The requirements applicable to

construction work under this section are
identical to those set forth in General
Industry Standards 1910.1020
 Recordkeeping and Hazard
Analysis
• First aid supplies and
medical service available
• Employees informed of
medical results
• Emergency procedures
and training, where
necessary
 1926.34 Egress
• Every building or structure, free &
unobstructed egress from all parts, when
occupied
• No locks to prevent free escape (except
mental & penal institutions)
• Exits marked by readily visible sign
• Means of egress continually maintained
Correct conditions
that prevent safe
egress
 1926.35 Emergency Plans
• In writing
• Procedures and routes assigned
• Covers actions employees must take to
protect themselves from fire &
emergencies
 1926.35 Emergency Plans

• Procedures to be followed by
employees who remain to operate
emergency equipment
• Procedures to account for employees
• Rescue & medical duties for employees
who are to perform them
 Uninsured Costs
• Deductible part of insurance
policy
• Lost wages for those not
insured
• Wages paid to injured
persons not covered by
worker compensation
• Overtime work required as a
result of an accident
• Supervisor time related to
accident
Uninsured Costs
• Repairing, replacing or
cleaning up
• Reduced productivity of
injured worker
• Learning period for new
worker
• Accident investigation cost
• Costs to prepare and file
reports
• Uninsured medical costs
• Costs of litigation
 Categories of Accidents

• Contact (struck by,

energy source(s),
abrasion, etc..
• Caught (in, on, between,
under)
• Fall (from elevation or
same level)
• Electrocution
Categories of Accidents
• Exertion (stress or
strain)
• Exposure (exposed
to fume, gas, mist,
chemical, etc...)
 Construction Safety Programs
• Although compliance with the law, including
specific OSHA standards, is an important
objective, an effective program looks beyond
specific requirements of law to address all
hazards.
• It will seek to prevent injuries and illnesses,
whether or not compliance is at issue.
 Major Program Elements

• Management Commitment and

Employee Involvement
• Worksite Analysis
• Hazard Prevention and Control
• Safety and Health Training
 Management Commitment and
Leadership
• Policy statement: goals established, issued
and communicated to employees.
• Program revised annually.
• Participation in safety meetings, inspections;
agenda items in meetings.
 Management Commitment and
Leadership
• Commitment of resources is adequate
• Safety rules and procedures incorporated into
site operations
• Management observes safety rules
 Worksite Analysis
• Conduct comprehensive baseline
worksite surveys for safety and health
• Perform routine job hazards analyses.
• Assess risk factors of ergonomics
applications to workers' tasks.
 Worksite Analysis
• Conduct regular site safety and health
inspections.
• Provide a system for employees to
notify management about hazardous
conditions.
Hazard Prevention and Control
• Use engineering techniques where
feasible.
• Establish safe work practices.
• Provide personal protective equipment
when engineering controls are infeasible.
• Use administrative controls reduce
duration of exposure.
Hazard Prevention and Control
• Maintain the facility and equipment to
prevent breakdowns.
• Plan and prepare for emergencies, and
conduct training and emergency drills.
• Establish a medical program that
includes first aid onsite.
 Safety and Health Training
• Ensure that all employees understand
and are aware of the hazards to which
they may be exposed and the proper
methods for avoiding such hazards.
Construction
Safety
 Safety and Health Training
• Maintain physical protection in their
work areas.
• Understand their safety and health
responsibilities.

Construction
Safety
 Safety and Health Training
• Limit certain job assignments to employees
who are "certified," "competent," or
"qualified," meaning that they have had
special previous training.
• This should be an essential part of every
employer's program for protecting workers
from accidents and illnesses.
Construction
Safety
 Training and Education

• Supervisors receive
basic training
• Specialized training
taken when needed
• Employee training
program exists, is
ongoing, and is effective
Assignment of Responsibility

• Safety designee on site,

knowledgeable, and
accountable
• Supervisors (including
foremen) safety and
health responsibilities
understood
• Employees adhere to
safety rules
 Identification and Control of
Hazards
• Action taken to address hazards
• Safety Committee, where appropriate
• Technical references available
• Enforcement procedures by management
 S & H Program Components
Review
• Hazard Analyses - assessment
• Hazard Prevention and control
• Policies and Procedures
• Employee training
• Follow-up Inspections (Audits)
• Enforcement (Discipline)