Lesson 4
Lesson 4
and
Concentrati
on Unit
General Chemistry 2
(Lesson 4)
Objectives
- Define Concentration
- Determine the formula to solve
percent concentration, molarity and
molality.
- Solve some problems on Percent
Concentration, molarity and molality.
Concentration
is a general term
that expresses
the quantity of
solute contained
in a given amount
of solution.
1.Percent by Mass
Ways to 2.Percent by
Volume
express the
3.Percent by Mass /
concentrati Volume
on of 4.Molarity
solution 5.Molality
Percent by Mass
When the solute in a solution is a solid, a
convenient way to express the concentration is
a mass percent (mass/mass), which is the gram
of solute per 100g of solution.
Percent by Mass
Suppose that a solution was prepared by
dissolving 25.0g of sugar into 100g of water.
Msolute: 25.0g
Msolvent: 100g water
Msolution: 125g
Percent by Volume
The percentage of solute in a solution can more
easily be determined by volume when the
solute ans solvent are both liquids.
Percent by Volume
If a solution is made by taking 40mL of ethanol
and adding enough water to make 240mL of
solution, what is its percent by volume?
Vsolute: 40mL
Vsolution: 240mL water
Percent by
Mass/Volume
The mass/volume percent is calculated by
dividing the mass of the solute by the volume
of the solution and expressing the result as a
percent.
Percent by
Mass/Volume
If a solution is prepared from 10g NaCl in
enough water to make a 150mL solution. What
is its percent by mass-volume concentration?
Msolute: 10g NaCl
Vsolution: 150mL
Molarity/Molar
Concentration
Is the number of moles of solute per liter
solution.
Molality
Is the moles of solute divided by the kilograms
of solvent.
Molality
Determine the molality of a solution prepared
by dissolving 28.60g of glucose (C6H12O6) into
250g of H2O?