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Modals Group 5 Final

Modals are auxiliary verbs used to express ability, possibility, permission, obligation, advice, and prohibition. They do not change according to the subject and are always followed by a verb in its basic form. Different types of modals include can, could, may, must, should, and others, each serving specific functions in communication.

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10 views

Modals Group 5 Final

Modals are auxiliary verbs used to express ability, possibility, permission, obligation, advice, and prohibition. They do not change according to the subject and are always followed by a verb in its basic form. Different types of modals include can, could, may, must, should, and others, each serving specific functions in communication.

Uploaded by

jane16lady
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MODALS

WHAT IS MODAL?
A modal is a type of
auxiliary (helping) verb
that is used to express:
ability, possibility,
permission or
obligation.
1. A modal does not change
according to the number or
perion of the subject.
Example:
He can learn I can learn.
You can learn They can learn
We can learn.
2. A modal is always used with
a verb in its basic Form. The
modal takes the tense while
the main verb remains in its
dictionary Form.
Example: I can run.
I may run.
3. Modals can be used alone in
response to a question.
Examples:
Can you sing? I can.
Will you sing? I will.
4. Modals, when joined with
'not' to form a negative, can be
contracted.
Examples
I cannot run. I can't run
DIFFERENT 1. Modals of Ability
2. Modals of
Permission
TYPES OF 3. Modals of Advice
4. Modals of
MODALS Obligation
5. Modals of
Possibility
6. Modals of
Prohibition
MODALS OF ABILITY
Modals of ability are used to express the
power to do something or to act in a
certain way.

These modals are used to express


someone's ability to do something. The
modals of ability in English are: can,
could, be able to.
MODALS OF ABILITY
Examples:

"I could play the piano when I was


younger."

"I can cook you your favourite food."


MODALS OF PERMISSION
• A modal of permission is a type of
auxiliary verb that is used to ask for or
give permission. Modals of permission
are usually used in the present or future
tense and can be used to express both
politeness and certainty. They can also
be used to express possibility and
uncertainty.
MODALS OF PERMISSION
PERMISSION is an authorization
granted for something or a formal
consent
1. Can is used to ask permission in an
informal way. This can be used in day-
to-day conversations or in informal
speech.
MODALS OF PERMISSION
Ex. Can I use your ballpen?
(Address to a friend)

Can you pass me the salt?


(Adress to a family
member)
MODALS OF PERMISSION
Could is used to ask
permision in a less inprmal
way. Could is more polite
than Can. This can be used
in formal speech.
MODALS OF PERMISSION
Ex. Mr. Reyes, Could you pass
these documents to the office?
( A worker to a co- worker.

Could I bring my friends to your


party? (Asking permission to a
friend)
MODALS OF PERMISSION
Could is also used to express a
statement saying that somebody is
allowed to do something in the past
but not in the present.

Back then, my grandfather could


stay outside for as long as he wants
MODALS OF PERMISSION
May is used to ask permission in
a formal way. This oun be used
in formal speech or formal
written test. Shows great
respect and politeness
MODALS OF PERMISSION
Ex. Sir, may I speak up?
(Asking to speak from a
teacher)

May I know your name ma'am?


(Asking for someone's name
MODALS OF PERMISSION
Can, Could and May are used in modals of
Permission

Examples:
"May I use the bathroom?"
"Could you please pass me the fork?"
MODALS OF ADVICE
• Modals of advice are used to
suggest a course of action or
express a recommendation. They
convey a sense of what the speaker
believes is the best or most
appropriate thing to do in a given
situation. "Should" and "ought to" is
used in modals of advice.
MODALS OF ADVICE
• Examples:
"You should take a break and come back
to the problem later."

"You ought to brush your teeth twice a


day for optimal oral health."
MODALS OF OBLIGATION
• Modals of obligation are used to express
a sense of duty, necessity, or
requirement to do something. They
convey that a particular action is
expected, necessary, or enforced by
rules, laws, or social norms. Must, have
to, should are used in this type of
modals
MODALS OF OBLIGATION
•Shiela must go to school today. Whiela is a student thus it is her
obligation to go to school. The modal "must" was action to show the
necessity of the achon to be dones)

• You have to wear mask at all times. (The pandemic is still upon us,
therefore it is a necessity for a masked to be (worm) worn at all times.
The modal "have to" was used in the sentence to put emphasis for the
action as an obligation

• The modal "have to" and "must" have equal value and wage. They
can be used interchageably. However, "must" is commonly used in
everyday conversation because of concisenses
MODALS OF OBLIGATION
HAVE TO/ HAS TO- used to when the obligation is set
by an authority rule or law (not set by the speaker)

Andrew has to work to marry Ana.


I have to make sure that I'm teaching my students
properly and clearly
We have to implement the no bullying policy
She has to havery to she won't be mos the flight.
Children have to be respectful to elders.
MODALS OF OBLIGATION
MUST the obligation comes from the specker.
- I must slow down while driving in front of the school...
- I must submit my project on time
- I mart take guod care of myself.
- You must beware of the word you say.

The modal "have to" and "must" have equal valve and
wage They can be wed interchangeably However
"must" is commonly wed in everyday conversation
because of conciseness.
MODALS OF OBLIGATION
SHOULD used to express a recommendation advice or
moral obligation.

You should go home now. (The speaker urges someone


to go home. however he/ she is not obliged to follow
the speaker's advice. The modal should was used to
show that the action was a recommendation)

You should wear helmet while riding your motorcycle.


MODALS OF OBLIGATION
Examples:
"Students must attend all classes
to succeed."
"I have to finish this report by the
end of the day, or I'll miss the
deadline."
MODALS OF
POSSIBILITY
Modals of possibility are used to
express uncertainty or a degree of
likelihood about an event or
situation. They convey that
something might happen, but it's
not certain. May, might, could are
used in modals of possibility.
MODALS OF
POSSIBILITY
Example:
"It may rain tomorrow, so bring an
umbrella."

"I might go to the library later today to


study for my exam, but I'm not sure
yet."
MODALS OF
PROHIBITION

Modals of prohibition are used to express that


something is forbidden or not allowed. They
convey a sense of restriction or a rule against a
particular action. Can't and mustn't are used in
modals of prohibition
MODALS OF
PROHIBITION

The prohibition can be subjective (speaker's


opinion) or objective (fact, law or rule)
Modal of prohibition is made by adding "not" to
a modal.
Must Not is used for prohibition that are stated
from law, fact, or rule in this context, the
speaker set the rule.

Ex.
You must not stay up late at night. It's bad for
your health.
You must mot cheat
Hey! You mustn't bring your slippens inside or
house. You must not skip class.
Cannot is used to express prohibition in general
or in a formal way. Used in dealing with
something that is against the rule, law, on sign
pasted (openly announced on written)

Ex. You cannot play outside during class hoves


You can't drive without a license.
You can't be loed at the library.
MODALS OF
PROHIBITION

Examples: "You can't park your car in front of


the fire hydrant."

"You mustn't use your phone during the exam."


MUSTN'T
VS.
DON'T HAVE
TO
You mustn't eat anything before the
blood test. (it's not allowed)

You don't have to sit the exam. It's


optional.
THANK
YOU!

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