STUDY NOTES

BASIC MATHEMATICS FORM

ONE

Prepared by Mwl. SWAI, G

Tell :0766765325(0625623598)
“What comes easy, won’t always last. What will last,
won’t always come easy”
•Mathematics: is the subject
which deals with numbers and
calculation
{addition(+),substruction(-),
multiplication
(and division (
•A person who specialized in
mathematics is called
mathematician.
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 CHAPTER ONE: NUMBER
• What is numbers?
Numbers are symbols or words which represent
quantity of something for example in form 1B there
are forty four students.
• i.e. 44 students
The numbers are represented by symbols called
numerals.
Each symbol in a numeral is called a digit.
E.g. In 256 there are three digits 2, 5, and 6.
There are ten digits which are 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8,
and 9
Each digit in a numeral has a value called place
value ..........MATHEMATICS FOR LIFE ....... 3
Table of place values:-

The system where numbers are in groups of ten is

called base ten numerations or decimal system
numeration. The place value of every digit in
decimal system numeration is ten times the place
value of the next to the right.
The table of place values:

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More examples
1. Write the following numerals
in words:-
(a) 72 - Seventy two
(b) 10368 - Ten thousand three
hundred and sixty eight.
c) 1152 - One thousand one
hundred and fifty two.
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(d) 144 - One hundred and forty
four.
(e) 573921 - Five hundred and
seventy three thousand nine hundred
and twenty one
(f) 952675 - Nine hundred and fifty
two thousand six hundred and seventy
five
(g) 105, 451, 225 - One hundred and
five million, four hundred and fifty one
Thousand, two hundred and twenty five
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Examples :Write in numerals:-
(a) Six hundred seventy five -675
(b) Four hundred and five - 405
(c) Three thousand and sixteen -
(…...)
(d) Eight thousand and sixteen -
(…..)
(e) One hundred thirty seven
thousand two hundred and fourteen –
137214 ..........MATHEMATICS FOR LIFE ....... 7
 PLACE VALUES:
Each digit in a number has a
different value depending on its
position in that number. This position
is called the place value of the digit.
The place values always increasing
from right to left.
The place value of a digit in a
number could be in ones, tens,
hundreds, thousands, ten thousands,
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Example : Find the place value of
the following:-
(a) 513 (1)
 The place value of 1 is tens
(b) 357999 (5)
The place value of 5 is ten thousands
(c) 590149 (5)
The place value of 5 is hundred
thousands
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 TOTAL VALUE:
Total value of a digit in a number is
the product of the place value and
the digit itself.
When a number is written in an
expanded form, the total value of
each digit is given.
Example, the expanded form of the
number 123 is (1
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The place value of digit 1 is
hundreds. Its total value is 1 100
=100
The place value of digit 2 is
tens. Its total value is 2 10
=20
The place value of digit 3 is
ones. Its total value is 3 1 =3
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Example : Write each of the following
numbers in expanded form:-
(a) 94 = (9
(b) 7019 = (71000)+(0100)+(110)
+(91)
(c) 50 = (510) +(01)
(d) 303 = (3100) +(010) + (31)
(e) 5003 = (51000) + (0100) + (010) +

(31)
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 ASSIGNMENT:
1.Rewrite the number 864 583 to form
(a) the smallest possible number
(b) the largest possible number
2. Write each of the following number in
expanded form
(a) 24567
(b) 7 041 060
(c) 5 614 789 236
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 NATURAL AND WHOLE NUMBERS
• Natural numbers
Natural numbers are the ones that begin
with 1,2, 3 to infinity.
They are counting number, they are
denoted by capital letter “N”
Number line of natural numbers.

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• Whole numbers
Are the ones that begin by 0, 1, 2, 3, …
to infinity.
 They are denoted by capital letter “W”,
in a number line.

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 EVEN,ODD AND PRIME NUMBER:
1. Even number
are natural numbers which are divisible by 2
without remainder.
Example: 2,4, 6, 8, 10, 12,…etc.
2. Odd number
are natural numbers which are not divisible
by 2, when they are divided by 2 they give
remainder, so the answer is not a natural
numbers.
Example: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, …etc.
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3. PRIME NUMBER
are natural numbers which are
divisible by one and by themselves.
They are the ones with only two
factors.
Factor means numbers which
divide other number completely
without remainder.
Example: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11,
13,17,19,23,29….etc.
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 ASSIGNMENT:
1. For the given numbers below, write
down which are:-
(a)Even (b)Prime (c)Odd
9,12,15,17,25,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44
,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,
59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71.
2. Write down the prime numbers between
70 and 90.
3. Write down a number which is even
and prime ..........MATHEMATICS FOR LIFE ....... 18
4. Among the numbers 3, 5, 7, 9,
11, 13,What is not a prime number?
5. Show even, odd, and prime
numbers less than 10 on separate
number line
6. (a) Given any point as a
number on a number line for N or
W.
(b) How does N differ from W.
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 OPERATIONS WITH WHOLE NUMBER:
There are four operations which
are
 addition (+),
Subtraction (-) ,
Multiplication ( and
 division (.
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 1. ADDITION:
Addition can be done vertically or
horizontally
Addition sign sometimes is called plus
The answer obtained after addition of two
numbers is called sum
• Example: (i) 254 + 369 =623
(ii)

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 2. SUBTRUCTION
Subtraction can be done vertically or
horizontally.
Subtraction sign is also called Minus
The answer obtained after subtraction of
two number is called Difference.
E.g. 2349610 - 1396789 =952821

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 3. MULTIPLICATION
Suppose a where “a” is called
multplicant, “b” is called multiplier
and “c” is called product.
Multiplicant is the number is
multiplied by other numbers
Multiplier is the number which
multiplying other number
Product is the answer obtained after
multiply two numbers.
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..........MATHEMATICS FOR LIFE ....... 24
 DIVISION:
Suppose a ÷ b = c, “a” = dividend, “b” = divisor, “c”
= quotient
The number that divides is called divisor, The number
to be divided is called dividend, The answer obtained
after division is called Quotient, The left over upon
division is called Remainder.
• e.g. 29 ÷ 6 =

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 TEST NO: 01 {30 minutes}
1. Find the sum of 8975 and
75342(84317)
2. Find the difference of 98976
and 78996(19980)
3. Find the product of 576 and
20(11520)
4. Find the quotient of 8000
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 FACTORS AND MULTIPLES OF
NUMBERS:
When a number divides exactly into
another number, it is called a factor
of a second number.
The second number is called a
multiple of the first numbers.
Example, 16 ÷ 8 = 2 So 2 is the
factor of 16 and 16 is the multiple of
2. Other factors of 16 are 8, 4, 1 and
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In general one (1) is a factor of every
number and each number is a factor
of itself.
 Factors of a number are numbers
less than the given number.
 Factors are finite, and divisors of the
given number.
 Multiple are number greater than
the given number.
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Example, Factors of 36 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 12, 18,
and 36
Multiple of 3=3,6,9,12,15,18,21,242,730....etc.
PRIME FACTORIZATION:
Is the process of writing numbers using their prime
factors we use the short division in writing /
factorization.
Example: Write the following as the product of
their prime factors.
(i) 24
(ii) 48
(iii) 420
(iv) 360 ..........MATHEMATICS FOR LIFE ....... 29
 THE LOWEST COMMON MULTIPLE
(LCM):
LCM is the short form of lowest or least
common multiple
Example:
2 = 2,4,6,8,10,12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24-
…
3 =3, 6, 9, 12 15, 18, 21, 24 27, …
 Common multiples are = (6, 12, 18, and
24)
Therefore the lowest common multiple
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Example :
 Find the lowest
common multiples of 9,
18, 24 by using prime
factorization method.
The least common
multiples (LCM) =72
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 THE GREATEST COMMON FACTOR (GCF):
GCF is the short term of
greatest or highest common
factor.
Example:
find the greatest common
factor of 84, 126, and 210
Therefore, the GCF is 42
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LCM and GCF can be obtained by prime
factorization method
ASSIGNMENT:
1. Find the LCM and GCF of the following sets
of numbers using the listing method
(a) 12, 16, 20 (b) 4, 6, 10 (c). 10, 20, 30
2. Find the LCM and GCF of the following sets
of number by prime factorization.
(a) 8,12,16, 18 (b) 40, 120,200 (c). 42,45,
50
(d) 16, 24
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 INTEGERS:
The integers are whole numbers from
negative infinity to positive infinity.
They are denoted by capital letter “Z”.
Integers can also be represented on the
number line, starting from 0 to right the
numbers are called positive integers, also
from 0 to left the numbers are called
negative integers.

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 OPERATIONS WITH INTEGERS:
Integers can be operated by using
number line except for division.
QN. Why division of integers can not be
operated on number line? (Assignment)
Multiplication rule on integers:
+
+ = -
- = -
- - = +
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Division rule on integers:
+
+ = -
- = -
- - = +

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 ASSIGNMENT:
Find the result of each of the following operations:
1. -3 + (-5)
2. -6 + (-2)
3. 5 – 8
4. 10 + (-5)
5. -3 4
6. -2 -8
7. -8 2
8. -9 -3
9. 24 (2
10. 36 (2 9) +6 -5 ..........MATHEMATICS FOR LIFE ....... 37
MORE EXAMPLES ON OPERATIONS ON ONTEGERS:
1. -7 + 5
2. -5 + 5
3. 9 + (-6)
4. -12-(-5)
5. -2 5
6. 24 + (8-4) – 5
7. (12 -14 8) (-3 -4 -7 -2)
8. 48 (24 6) + 8
9. 72 (6 -6) 12 + 8 – 4
10. -8 + -7 +5 -12 + (-5 -8)
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 GENERAL ASSIGNMENT:
1. Arrange the order of digits in
289414 to make
(a) the largest possible number
(b) The smallest possible number
2. Find the length of the shortest piece of
string that can be cut into equal lengths,
each 28cm or 35cm or 42cm.
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3. Find the sum of LCM and GCF of
140,
25 and 240
4. Three bells ring at intervals of 20
minute, 30 minute and 40 minute. If
they start ringing together at 7.30
a.m.
(i) After how long will they all ring
together again?
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5. Najma and Doreen are riding on a
circular path. Najma complete a round in
24 minutes whereas Doreen complete a
round in 36 minutes. If they started at the
same place and time and go in the same
direction. After how many minutes will
they meet again at the starting point?
6. (i) Find the product of the LCM and GCF
of 12, 20 and 32
(ii) Find the quotient between the LCM
and GCF of the following numbers 24,36
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THE END OF THE TOPIC;

THANK YOU!!!

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