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2.7 Compounds and Formulae - Copy

The document explains the differences between elements and compounds, highlighting that elements consist of a single type of atom while compounds are made of multiple types of atoms bonded together. It also describes mixtures, such as air and mineral water, which contain various substances and can vary in composition due to environmental factors and human activity. The properties of compounds differ significantly from those of the individual elements that form them.

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4 views

2.7 Compounds and Formulae - Copy

The document explains the differences between elements and compounds, highlighting that elements consist of a single type of atom while compounds are made of multiple types of atoms bonded together. It also describes mixtures, such as air and mineral water, which contain various substances and can vary in composition due to environmental factors and human activity. The properties of compounds differ significantly from those of the individual elements that form them.

Uploaded by

hrl2782010
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2.

7 Compounds &
Mixtures
Learning Objective
• Use symbols and formulae to represent scientific
ideas.
•
Learner’s book page 64
Answers page 64
The difference between Element & Compound
Element Compound
• Is made up of only one type • Is made up of more than one
of atom. type of atom tightly joined
together.
• Is represented using • Is represented using its
symbols chemical formula
• Only 118 types of elements • No upper limit on the types
of compounds.
• Can not split up into more • Can split into simpler
simpler substances elements.

• Have properties similar to • Have properties different


those of their atoms. from the properties of the
elements forming them
Compounds and mixtures
• When atoms of elements are bonded tightly to
form a compound, the properties of the compound
are completely different from the properties of the
elements that it is made from.
For example,
- Iron is a metal. It is hard, grey, strong,
conducts heat and electricity and is magnetic.
- Sulfur is a non-metal. It is yellow, brittle, does
not conduct heat or electricity and is not
magnetic.
• When these two elements are heated, they
combine together to form the compound iron
sulfide.
• Iron sulfide is not magnetic and does not
conduct heat or electricity
Learner’s book page 67
Answers page 67
Air is a mixture
• Pure:
Is used to describe something that only contains a
single substance.
• Pure water contains only water, with no other
substances mixed with.
• A mixture is not pure. It is made up of
different kinds of particle that are mixed
together.
• The mixture may be of elements, compounds
or both.
• There are solids, liquids and gases that are
mixtures.
For example:
 Air is a mixture of several different elements and
compounds.
• Air contains nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide,
water vapour and small quantities of some other
gases
Learner’s book page 68
Answers page 68
• The composition of air varies because the amount
of water vapour changes all the time, depending on
the weather.
• The amount of carbon dioxide and other gases also
change.
This can be a result of natural emissions, such as when
animals and plants produce carbon dioxide when they
respire. Plants also use carbon dioxide when they
make food, so this removes carbon dioxide from the air.
The changes in the composition of air can also be as a
result of human activity increasing the amount of
carbon dioxide that is given out as a result of burning
fossil fuels. much less oxygen in the atmosphere
 Mineral water is a mixture
• The label on a bottle of
mineral water lists many
minerals.
• There is more than just
water in the bottle.
• The bottle contains a
mixture of water and other
substances. The minerals
are dissolved in the water.
• The mineral water is a
solution.
• A litre of water may have
about of minerals dissolved
in it.
Learner’s book page 68
Check your Progress page 71
Learner’s book page 71
Learner’s book page 71
Learner’s book page 71
Answers page 71

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