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Post Operative Care - 20250315 - 095955 - 0000

Post-operative care is essential for patient recovery following surgery, beginning immediately after the procedure and continuing until the follow-up visit. It involves monitoring vital signs, managing pain, and assessing the surgical site to prevent complications. The care is divided into phases, with specific protocols for each stage to ensure patient safety and comfort.

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Shreyashi Rajak
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10 views16 pages

Post Operative Care - 20250315 - 095955 - 0000

Post-operative care is essential for patient recovery following surgery, beginning immediately after the procedure and continuing until the follow-up visit. It involves monitoring vital signs, managing pain, and assessing the surgical site to prevent complications. The care is divided into phases, with specific protocols for each stage to ensure patient safety and comfort.

Uploaded by

Shreyashi Rajak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Post Operative

care
Definition

Post-operative care is the care that the patient receives after a


surgical procedure. usually the post op period begins from the
time the patient leave the operating room and ends with the
follow uo visit by the surgeon.

The type of post operative care that the patient needs depends
on the type of surgery as well as the patients history. It often
depends upon pain management and wound care.
Purposes

To enable a successful and faster recovery of the


patient post operatively.
To reduce post operative mortality rate.
to reduce the length of hospital stay of the patient.

To provide quality care service.


To reduce hospital and patient cost during
post operative period.
Phases

Phase 1 - Immediate (Post-Anesthetic)

Phase 2 - Intermediate (Hospital Stay) Convalescent (After discharge


to full recovery)
Post Operative Care
Unit/Post Anesthetic
Care Unit

PACU

Patients still under anesthesia or


recovering from anesthesia are placed in
the unit for observation by highly skilled
nurses, anesthetist and surgeon. PACU should be sound proof, painted in soft
colour, isolated and these features will help
the patient to reduce anxiety and promote
comfort.
Phase 1
It is the immediate recovery phase and
requires intensive nursing care to detect
early signs of complications
immediately after surgery.

Receive the complete patient records


from the operating room in order to
plan the most personalized post op
plan for the patient based on their
conditions and co morbidities.
Phase 2

Patient requiring less


observation and less nursing
care than phase 1
Care of the surgical patient who has been
transferred from the Phase 1 post op unit.
This phase is also known as
step down or progressive care
unit
Nursing Management in
PostOp unit
Assessing the patient

Monitoring and recording of vitals like


pulse, Oxygen saturation, skin colour
Mainly, to provide care
for cyanosis and perfusion is
until the patient has important.
recovered from
anaesthesia Consciousness

Along with this, level of


consiousnsss should also be
assessed. This cannbe done
by evaluating response to
commands.
Protect The Airway

Preventing obstruction

Proper positioningg of the patients heads and clearing


airway can help prevent pharyngeal obstruction that can
occur if patient is lying on the back due to falling back of
tongue.
Oxygen therapy should be started.
Maintaining IV Stability

Avoid hypovolemic shock


By timely administration of IV fluids, blood and blood
products and appropriate medications.

Fluid replacement
If shock is suspected, crystalloids like Normal saline or
ringers lactate can be given parentrally. This can be
followed by colloids.

General measures
Patient should be kept warm, and urine Output and
input if fluids should be balanced,
decreased urine output can indicate need for fluids,
Assessment of Surgical
Site
Hemorrhage
It is a serious complication of surgery can result in death. It may
be-
• immediate- immediately after surgery
• reactionary- within 24 hours, due to dislodged clots or slipped
ligature
• secondary- 7oftobleeding
Management 10 days post op, due to injury or infection

Incision site should always be inspected.


• pressure dressing should be used
if the bleeding is concealed, the patient is taken to OR for
emergency exploration of haemorrhage in body cavity.
blood transfusion should be given when indicated, especially
when there is massive acute loss of blood volume.
Post OP Relief

Pain relief
• Opioid analgesic used when indicated.
• Epidural analgesia
Nausea and Vomiting
• NSAIDS
• psycological support to relieve pain Medication can be given to reduce
troubling nausea.
drugs used-
• metaclopromaide
• ondansetron
Discharge from Post Op unit

patient should not be discharged from unit, until they


recover fully from anaesthesia
discharge from recovery should be after complete
stabilisation of cardiovascular, pulmonary, and Measures to determine if patient
neurological functions which take about 2-4 hrs. is ready
if there is no recovery beyond 4 hours, patient • stable vitals
should be admitted to the ICU. • orientation to time, place and person
• adequate oxygen saturation
• urine output more than 30ml/hour
• adequate respiratory function
Recovery room

Prevention of
• anesthetist responsibilities towards
cardiopulmonary functions.
• surgeons responsibilities towards the

complications operation site.

Complications are due to


• acute pulmonary problems
• cardiovascular problems
• fluid derangements

These lead to:


Trained nursing staff
• shock • To handle instructions
• contionous monitoring
• hemorhage
• deep vein thrombosis
• pulmonary embolism
• urinary retention
• intestinal obstruction
• and ultimately death.
Teaching Patient self care

• Expected outcomes should be explained to the


patient and their caretakers.
• Immediate changes that they might face due to
their surgery should be told.
• Rehabilitation may be needed to be planned for
certain patients
• written instructions should be given about wound
care, activity, dietary restrictions, medications
and compliance to follow up.
Thank you !!

-Sivu

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