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Polymer Chemistry Presentation

Polymer chemistry focuses on the study of large molecules formed from repeating units called monomers, with significant applications in materials science and technology. Key processes include addition and condensation polymerization, leading to diverse polymer structures with tunable properties. Emerging trends in the field include biopolymers, conducting polymers, and recyclable materials, highlighting the importance of sustainability and innovation in everyday life and various industries.

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108 views16 pages

Polymer Chemistry Presentation

Polymer chemistry focuses on the study of large molecules formed from repeating units called monomers, with significant applications in materials science and technology. Key processes include addition and condensation polymerization, leading to diverse polymer structures with tunable properties. Emerging trends in the field include biopolymers, conducting polymers, and recyclable materials, highlighting the importance of sustainability and innovation in everyday life and various industries.

Uploaded by

Satyr Codm
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Polymer Chemistry

Introduction to Polymer Chemistry


• Polymer chemistry is the study of large molecules (polymers)
made up of repeating units called monomers.
• Importance: Foundational to materials science, with
applications in everyday life, industry, and advanced technology.
Key Concepts
• Monomers: Small molecules that combine to
form polymers.
• Polymerization: Chemical process of linking
monomers.
Polymeric molecules
 High Molecular Weight: Consist of thousands or even millions of monomer units.
 Repeating Units: Structural similarity due to repeating monomers.
 Diverse Structures:Linear, branched, or cross-linked networks.
 Versatility: Properties can be tuned for various applications by altering the monomers
or polymerization process.
Primary Modes of Formation of Polymeric
Molecules
Polymeric molecules are formed through chemical reactions that link monomers into
long chains.

Modes of
Formation

addition condensation
polymerization polymerization

Addition Polymerization (Chain- Condensation Polymerization (Step-


Growth Polymerization):Monomers Growth Polymerization):Monomers with
with unsaturated bonds (double or two functional groups (e.g., hydroxyl,
triple bonds) undergo a chain carboxyl, or amine groups) react to form
reaction to form polymers without a polymer, with the elimination of a
eliminating any by-products. small molecule like water
Addition Polymers

Polypropylene (PP):Uses:
Food containers, textiles,
automotive parts.

Polystyrene (PS):Uses:
Packaging, disposable cups,
insulation materials.
Addition Polymers
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC):Uses:
Pipes, window frames,
flooring.

Polytetrafluoroethylene
(PTFE):Uses: Non-stick
cookware (Teflon), lubricants,
and gaskets
Addition Polymers
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN):Uses:
Synthetic fibers (e.g., Orlon),
carbon fiber precursors.

Polymethyl Methacrylate
(PMMA):Uses: Plexiglass,
lenses, and screens.
1. Polychloroprene
(Neoprene):Uses: Wetsuits,
hoses, gaskets.
Condensation Polymerization
Condensation Polymerization: By-product (e.g.,
water).
Examples of Polymers:
• Natural: Cellulose, proteins.
• Synthetic: Polyethylene, nylon.
Classification of Polymers
A. Based on Origin:
• Natural: Rubber, DNA.
• Synthetic: PVC, polystyrene.
B. Based on Structure:
• Linear: High-density polyethylene.
• Branched: Low-density polyethylene.
• Crosslinked: Vulcanized rubber.
C. Based on Thermal Behavior:
• Thermoplastics: Re-moldable (e.g., PET).
• Thermosetting: Permanent shape (e.g., Bakelite).
Properties of Polymers
A. Physical:
•Lightweight.
•Flexible or rigid.
B. Mechanical:
• High strength-to-weight ratio.
• Elasticity (rubber).
C. Chemical:
• Corrosion resistance.
• Biodegradability (biopolymers).
D. Thermal:
• Low conductivity.
• Thermal stability.
Thermoplastics
• Thermoplastics are a class of polymers that
soften upon heating, allowing them to be
reshaped and remolded multiple times
without significant chemical changes.
Emerging Trends
• Biopolymers:
Eco-friendly, biodegradable materials (e.g., PLA).
• Conducting Polymers:
Used in electronics (e.g., polyaniline).
• Smart Polymers:
Responsive to stimuli (e.g., pH, temperature).
• Recyclable Polymers:
Addressing plastic pollution.
Importance of Polymer Chemistry
Everyday Use:
Packaging, clothing, electronics.
Industry:
Automotive, aerospace, healthcare.
Sustainability:
Development of biodegradable and recyclable
polymers.
Advancements:
Flexible electronics, drug delivery systems.

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