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Unit3PPT6- Natural selection (1)

Natural selection is the process where organisms with better adaptations for their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to changes in the population over time. It involves genetic variation due to mutation and recombination, with traits that enhance survival being passed on to offspring. The document also discusses evolution, artificial selection, and provides examples such as bird adaptations and antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

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3 views

Unit3PPT6- Natural selection (1)

Natural selection is the process where organisms with better adaptations for their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to changes in the population over time. It involves genetic variation due to mutation and recombination, with traits that enhance survival being passed on to offspring. The document also discusses evolution, artificial selection, and provides examples such as bird adaptations and antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Uploaded by

sas
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Natural selection

Eg. Big bang theory, theory of


evolution, Cell theory, etc.,
Natural selection
 The process by which organisms
have(by chance) better adaptations
for new environmental conditions
making them more likely to survive,
reproduce than other individuals of
the species.
Natural selection process
 In any population of individuals, there
is genetic variation .
 Genetic variation is the result of
mutation and recombination (made up
of DNA) during meiosis.
 In a given environment, some
variations of traits are lethal, some
make no difference, and some increase
or decrease the chance for survival.
 If the environment changes, some individu
als might have one
or more variations that increase their
chance for survival.

 Organisms with the variation(s) are more


likely to survive(survival of the fittest),
reproduce, and pass the favorable
variation on to their offspring.

 Over time, the population changes as more


individuals within it have the selected trait.

 This is called natural selection because it


occurs through natural processes.
Bird adaptation
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s
64Y8sVYfFY
Home work
Homework
 Research how the beaks of the
following birds are evolved to take its
food in their habitat.
 Toucan/Long billed
dowitcher/Pelican /Bald
eagle/Woodpecker/Humming bird
Evolution
 A gradual change in something
overtime

 A process where organisms


originated from the same ancestors
who tend to divide and diversify
continuously is called evolution.

 The evolution is caused by natural


selection.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-COGCN3U9I
Natural selection and genetics

 Darwin had no idea on inherited


variation among the species.
 Now we know it as genes.
 Peppered moth experiment
Homework

 https://askabiologist.asu.edu/peppere
d-moths-game/kettlewell.html
 Complete the activity sheet after
playing the game.
Natural selection
 Producing many offsprings
 Individuals are different and some are
more likely to survive (competition
for resources within the species)
 Survival of the fittest(better adapted)
 Inheritance of useful characterisitics
 Whole population will adapt.
 Eg. Antibiotic resistant bacteria
Evolution.
 Caused by natural selection
 Arise from common ancestor
 Whole population will turn into a new
species
Artificial selection/Selective breeding
 Selecting a required character
 Choose the parent
 Breed them
 Select the offspring with the
character
 Breed them
 Repeat for many generation
 Eg. Farm animals-milk, meat, eggs
 Crops- more yield, disease resistance,
drought resistance

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