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5 Lecture Five - Storage

The document provides an overview of different types of storage devices and media, including internal and external hard disks, solid state drives, memory cards, and cloud storage. It details the characteristics of hard disks, such as capacity, access time, and formatting, as well as the advantages of flash memory and optical discs. Additionally, it covers other storage types like tape, smart cards, and enterprise storage solutions.

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9 views36 pages

5 Lecture Five - Storage

The document provides an overview of different types of storage devices and media, including internal and external hard disks, solid state drives, memory cards, and cloud storage. It details the characteristics of hard disks, such as capacity, access time, and formatting, as well as the advantages of flash memory and optical discs. Additionally, it covers other storage types like tape, smart cards, and enterprise storage solutions.

Uploaded by

freyaalexanda18
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNDERSTANDING STORAGE

Objectives
• Differentiate between
storage devices and
storage media
• Describe the
characteristics of an
internal hard disk
including capacity,
platters, read/write
heads, cylinders, sectors
and tracks, revolutions
per minute, transfer rate,
and access time
Storage

• Storage holds data, instructions, and


information for future use

• A storage medium is the physical material on


which a computer keeps data, instructions,
and information
Storage
• Capacity is the number of bytes a storage medium
can hold
Storage
• A storage device is the computer hardware that
records and/or retrieves items to and from
storage media
Reading is the process
of transferring items
from a storage medium
into memory

Writing is the process of


transferring items from
memory to a storage
medium
Storage
• Access time
measures:
– The amount of time
it takes a storage
device to locate an
item on a storage
medium
– The time required to
deliver an item from
memory to the
processor
Hard Disks
• A hard disk contains one or more inflexible, circular platters
that use magnetic particles to store data, instructions, and
information
Hard Disks cont.’

• Hard disks can


store data using
longitudinal
recording or
perpendicular
recording
Hard Disks cont.’
• Characteristics of a hard disk
include:

Read/Write
Capacity Platters
Heads

Sectors and Transfer


Cylinders
Tracks Rate

Access Time
Hard Disks cont.’
• Formatting is the process of dividing the disk into tracks
and sectors so that the operating system can store and
locate data and information on the disk
Hard Disks cont.’

• The hard disk arms


move the read/write
head, which reads
items and writes
items in the drive
– Location often is
referred to by its
cylinder
Hard Disks cont.’
• A head crash occurs when a read/write head
touches the surface of a platter
• Always keep a backup of your hard disk
Hard Disks cont.’
• RAID (redundant array
of independent disks)
is a group of two or
more integrated hard
disks
• A network attached
storage (NAS) device is
a server connected to a
network with the sole
purpose of providing
storage
Hard Disks cont.’

• An external hard disk is a


• Add pictures of each
separate free-standing hard
disk that connects to your
computer with a cable or
wirelessly
• A removable hard disk is a
hard disk that you insert and
remove from a drive
• Internal and external hard
disks are available in
miniature sizes (miniature
hard disks)
Hard Disks cont.’
• A disk controller consists of a special-purpose chip and
electronic circuits that control the transfer of data,
instructions, and information from a disk to and from
the system bus and other components of the computer

SATA EIDE

SCSI SAS
Flash Memory Storage
• Flash memory chips are a type of solid state
media and contain no moving parts
• Solid state drives (SSDs) have several advantages
over magnetic hard disks:
Faster access time
Faster transfer rates
Generate less heat and consume less power
Last longer
Flash Memory Storage cont.’
Flash Memory Storage cont.’
• A memory card is a removable flash memory
device that you insert and remove from a slot in a
computer, mobile device, or card reader/writer
• CompactFlash (CF)
• Secure Digital (SD)
• Secure Digital High Capacity (SDHC)
• microSD
• microSDHC
• xD Picture Card
• Memory Stick
• Memory Stick Micro (M2)
Flash Memory Storage cont.’
• USB flash drives plug into a USB port on a
computer or mobile device
Cloud Storage
• Cloud storage is an Internet service that provides
storage to computer users
Cloud Storage cont.’
Cloud Storage cont.’
• Users subscribe to cloud storage for a variety of
reasons:
• Access files from any computer
• Store large files instantaneously
• Allow others to access their files
• View time-critical data and images immediately
• Store offsite backups
• Provide data center functions
Optical Discs
• An optical disc consists of
a flat, round, portable
disc made of metal,
plastic, and lacquer that
is written and read by a
laser
• Typically store software,
data, digital photos,
movies, and music
• Read only vs. rewritable
Optical Discs cont.’
• Optical discs
commonly store
items in a single track
that spirals from the
center of the disc to
the edge
• Track is divided into
evenly sized sectors
Optical Discs cont.’
• A CD-ROM can be read
from but not written to
– Read from a CD-ROM
drive or CD-ROM player
• A CD-R is a multisession
optical disc on which
users can write, but not
erase
• A CD-RW is an erasable
multisession disc
– Must have a CD-RW drive
Optical Discs cont.’
• A DVD-ROM is a high-
capacity optical disc on
which users can read but
not write or erase
– Requires a DVD-ROM drive
• A Blu-ray Disc-ROM (BD-
ROM) has a storage
capacity of 100 GB
• DVD-RW, DVD+RW, and
DVD+RAM are high-
capacity rewritable DVD
formats
Other Types of Storage
• Tape
• Magnetic stripe cards and smart cards
• Microfilm and microfiche
• Enterprise storage
Other Types of Storage cont.’
• Tape is a magnetically coated ribbon of plastic capable of
storing large amounts of data and information
• A tape drive reads and writes data and information on a
tape
Other Types of Storage cont.’
• A magnetic stripe
card contains a
magnetic stripe that
stores information
• A smart card stores
data on a thin
microprocessor
embedded in the
card
Other Types of Storage cont.’
• Microfilm and microfiche store microscopic
images of documents on a roll or sheet film
Other Types of Storage cont.’
Other Types of Storage cont.’
• Enterprise storage stores huge volumes of data
and information for large businesses
– Uses special hardware for heavy use, maximum
availability, and maximum efficiency
Summary
• Internal hard disks, external and removable
hard disks, solid state drives, memory cards,
USB flash drives, ExpressCard modules, cloud
storage, CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray Discs, tape,
smart cards, and microfilm and microfiche
• Various storage media and storage devices

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