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Analog Communication Module3_complete Ppt_ to Students

The document discusses various amplitude modulation techniques, focusing on Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier (DSBSC), Single Sideband Suppressed Carrier (SSBSC), and Vestigial Sideband (VSB) modulation. It highlights the benefits of DSBSC and SSB in reducing power consumption while emphasizing the advantages of VSB in bandwidth utilization and simpler filter design. Additionally, it covers the modulation and demodulation processes, including coherent detection methods and the applications of these techniques in television transmission.

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prajineshpradeep2005
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6 views

Analog Communication Module3_complete Ppt_ to Students

The document discusses various amplitude modulation techniques, focusing on Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier (DSBSC), Single Sideband Suppressed Carrier (SSBSC), and Vestigial Sideband (VSB) modulation. It highlights the benefits of DSBSC and SSB in reducing power consumption while emphasizing the advantages of VSB in bandwidth utilization and simpler filter design. Additionally, it covers the modulation and demodulation processes, including coherent detection methods and the applications of these techniques in television transmission.

Uploaded by

prajineshpradeep2005
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 3: Bandwidth and Power

Efficient AM Systems
Dr. Usha Kiran K
Associate Professor (Sr),
SENSE
Need for Double side Band suppressed carrier
system
• Two-thirds of the power is being wasted in the carrier,
which carries no information
• If this carrier is suppressed and the saved power is
distributed to the two sidebands, then such a process is
called as Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier system
or simply DSBSC.
Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier (DSBSC)
Technique
DSB-SC
Bandwidth of DSBSC Wave

• fmax=fc+fm and fmin=fc−fm


• BW=fc+fm−(fc−fm)
• BW=2fm
• the bandwidth of DSBSC wave is same as that of AM
wave and it is equal to twice the frequency of the
modulating signal
Total Power ofDSBSC
BALANCED MODULATOR
BALANCED MODULATOR
BALANCED MODULATOR
Balanced modulator circuit using diodes
• In fig 6.25
Ring Modulator
Ring modulator
Ring Modulator
DSBSC DEMODULATORS
• The process of extracting an original message signal
from DSBSC wave is known as detection or
demodulation of DSBSC
• demodulators (detectors) are used for demodulating
DSBSC wave:
– Coherent Detector
– Costas Loop
Coherent Detector

• the same carrier signal (which is used for generating


DSBSC signal) is used to detect the message signal.
Hence, this process of detection is called
as coherent or synchronous detection
Coherent Detector
Coherent Detector

• Let the DSBSC wave be


• s(t)=Accos(2πfct)m(t)
• The output of the local oscillator is
• c(t)=Accos(2πfct+ϕ)
• Where, ϕ is the phase difference between the local
oscillator signal and the carrier signal, which is used for
DSBSC modulation.
Coherent Detector

• we can write the output of product modulator as


• v(t)=s(t)c(t)
Coherent Detector

• the output of low pass filter is


Costas Loop
• Costas loop is used to make both the carrier signal
(used for DSBSC modulation) and the locally generated
signal in phase
Costas Loop
Costas Loop
Costas Loop
Costas Loop

• The outputs of these two low pass filters are applied as


inputs of the phase discriminator. Based on the phase
difference between these two signals, the phase
discriminator produces a DC control signal.
• This signal is applied as an input of VCO to correct the
phase error in VCO output. Therefore, the carrier signal
(used for DSBSC modulation) and the locally generated
signal (VCO output) are in phase.
Effect of Frequency and Phase Error
SSBSC
SSBSC
Example
Solution
Continue -SSB
SSB- power
Benefits of SSB
SSB- Modulation
SSB Modulation – Filter method
Example
SSB-Modulation –Phase shift method
• The following figure shows the block diagram of SSBSC modulator using phase shift method
SSB-Demodulation
• Here, the same carrier signal (which is used for generating SSBSC wave) is
used to detect the message signal. Hence, this process of detection is called
as coherent or synchronous detection. Following is the block diagram of
coherent detector.
Third method
VSB GENERATION
• Vestigial Sideband (VSB) modulation is a modulation
technique which allows transmission of one
sideband in addition with a part or vestige of the
other. It is basically a compromise between DSBSC &
SSB
• VSB technique is used in TV transmission as television
signal are extremely low-frequency signals
VSB GENERATION
SPECTRUM OF VSB
Bandwidth of VSB
• BW = fm + fv
Generation of VSB
Demodulation
Performance comparison VSB modulation with DSB-SC and SSB modulation

• A system utilizing a conventional amplitude modulation technique


increases both power consumption and bandwidth. However, DSB-SC
and SSB systems reduce the power consumption. Among all VSB
system is best when it comes to bandwidth utilization.
• In case of DSB-SC and SSB modulation techniques, the filter must be
highly efficient in order to suppress the carrier and desired sideband.
On contrary, VSB does not need such accurate filtering characteristics.
• The conventional method of amplitude modulation provides simple
demodulation at the receiver end. However, the detection process of
DSB-SC, SSB, VSB signals is costly and difficult. Hence for broadcasting
purposes, the conventional technique is mostly used.
Advantages of Vestigial sideband (VSB) modulation

• It is a highly efficient modulation technique used for


wave transmission.
• It reduces the bandwidth utilization.
• The filter characteristics do not need to be highly
accurate thus making its design simple.
• It easily transmits low-frequency components and
possesses good phase characteristics.
Disadvantages of Vestigial sideband (VSB) modulation

• Its bandwidth requirement is somewhat higher than


that of SSB modulation, due to the presence of vestige.
• Vestigial sideband modulation leads to a complex
demodulation process at the receiver end.
Application of Vestigial sideband (VSB) modulation (Television)
AM MODULATORS
•Amplitude modulators are generally one of two types:
low level or high level
•Low-level modulators generate AM with small signals
and thus must be amplified considerably if they are to
be transmitted
•High-level modulators produce AM at high power
levels, usually in thefinal amplifier stage of a transmitter
•Today most amplitude modulators and demodulators
are in integrated-circuit form
High Level Modulation
MODULATING SIGNAL

MODULATING ANTENNA
AMPLIFIER

BUFFER CLASS B MODULATING


MASTER HARMONIC
AMPLIFIER TUNED POWER AMPLIFIER
OSCILLATOR GENERATOR
Class c AMPLIFIER CLASS C
Low Level Modulation
MODULATING SIGNAL

MODULATING
AMPLIFIER ANTENNA

MODULATING CLASS B
MASTER BUFFER HARMONIC
AMPLIFIER TUNED POWER
OSCILLATOR AMPLIFIER GENERATOR
CLASS C AMPLIFIER

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