COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS

Computer system is an electronic device

which consists of several components that
together provide the capability of executing
a stored program. It is a device that accepts
data, processes and stored these, and
produces a result. It performs four basic
functions such as input, process, storage and
output.
Three measurements to assess the level
of computer literacy
Basic Computer Function
Three main Elements
 HARDWARE

Hardware refers to the physical

components of a computer that you can
actually touch, such as the keyboard,
monitor, central processing unit (CPU),
mouse and printer
 A. Hardware may be classified into input
device, output devices, the central processing
unit (CPU) and secondary storage.
1. Input Device
 Input hardware consists of external devices – that
is, components outside of
the computer’s CPU – that provide information and
instructions to the computer. There are different
types of hardware that serve as input devices.
Some devices are pre - installed with the monitor
and the CPU when you
buy the computer set (like the keyboard and
mouse0 but most are bought separately. Some of
the devices are affordable but some are quite
expensive.
Input Devices
2. Output Device
 Output hardware consists of devices which
communicate the result
of processing back to the user by converting electrical
signals from the Arithmetic/Logic Unit into a form
recognizable by a human operator. The most common
output devices include video displays,
high-speed printers and console typewriters. A recent
development in output equipment is an audio response
unit that can construct
sentences with human speakers’ words that have been
digitalized and stored in a memory device. Others
synthesize human speech,
providing the appropriate response by generating signals
similar to those produced in regular speech
Output Devices
3. Central processing Unit (CPU)
 The processing and conversion of data
from input to output to output to output is
done is in the central processing unit (CPU).
Its function is to perform arithmetic and
logical operations on the taken the primary
storage or on information entered through
any input device.
 The CPU is composed of five basic
components: main storage, registers, buses,
ALU and the control unit
Basic CPU Components
Secondary Storage media
 SOFTWARE
Unlike hardware, software is
untouchable. It is
a set of instructions used to direct the
hardware on how to turn data into useful
information for people to use. These are
programs used by the user to interact with
the
computer.
. Software
 The set of instructions or programs that
tells the computer how to do a specific task
is called software . Software may be
categorized as systems software or
Application software.
 System software performs tasks necessary
to the efficient management of the
hardware. It refers to computer programs or
library files whose purpose is to help run the
user by the manufacturers of the
computer system. It includes operating
systems, utility programs,
compilers and interpreters
 Application software is programs that
help solve and meet user problems and
needs directly. They are designed to
perform specific functions, which make
daily activities easier
and facilitate the performance of work
efficiently tools; assist in graphic and
multimedia projects; support home,
personal and educational use, and
facilitate communication.
 PEOPLEWARE

The people who use the computer

system are referred to as peopleware.
They are the most important factor
computer system because they
manipulate and program the computer
system to make it useful.
Nature of Computer
The three fundamental characteristics of
computer.
1. Speed- computer provides the processing
speed essential to our fast-paced society.
2. Reliability- capable of producing accurate and
timely results.
3. Storage capability – capable of storing
tremendous amounts of data which can be
located and retrieved
efficiently.
Uses of Computer
Uses of Computer
1. _______________ is an electronic device
which consists of several components that
together provide the capability of executing a
stored program. It is a device that accepts
data, processes and stored these, and
produces a result. It performs four basic
functions such as input, process, storage and
output.
a. School
b. Library
c. Government
d. Computer
2. ___________which allows users to input
data for processing.
a. Input device
b. Storage device
c. Output device
d. CPU
3. ___________where the processed
information are stored.
a. Input device
b. Storage device
c. Output device
d. CPU
4. ___________which interprets and
executes data or instruction.
a. Input device
b. Storage device
c. Output device
d. CPU
5. ___________where the outcomes are
displayed.
a. Input device
b. Storage device
c. Output device
d. CPU
6. ___________ refers to the physical
components of a computer that you can
actually touch, such as the keyboard,
monitor, central processing unit (CPU),
mouse and printer.
a. Hardware
b. Software
c. Peopleware
d. Taperware
7. ___________ is untouchable. It is a set of
instructions used to direct the hardware on
how to turn data into useful information for
people to use. These are programs used by
the user to interact with the computer
a. Hardware
b. Software
c. Peopleware
d. Taperware
8. ___________ The people who use the
computer system. They are the most
important factor computer system because
they manipulate and program the computer
system to make it useful.
a. Hardware
b. Software
c. Peopleware
d. Taperware
9. ___________ computer provides the
processing speed essential to our fast-paced
society.
a. Speed
b. Reliability
c. Storage Capability
d. Timeliness
10. ___________capable of producing
accurate and timely results.
a. Speed
b. Reliability
c. Storage Capability
d. Timeliness
11. ___________capable of storing
tremendous amounts of data which can be
located and retrieved efficiently.
a. Speed
b. Reliability
c. Storage Capability
d. Timeliness
ENUMERATE:
12-14. Three Measurement to assess level of
computer literacy
15-18. Basic Computer Function
19-20. Categorize of Software
1. D
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. C
6. A
7. B
8. C
9. A
10. B
11. C
12-14
AWARENESS
KNOWLEDGE
INTERACTION
15-18
STORAGE
INPUT
PROCESS
OUTPUT
19-20
SYSTEM SOFTWARE
APPLICATION S0FTWARE