Scribd
Upload
11 views

Automatic Headlight Control Using Arduino-sensors

The document outlines a project for automatic headlight control using Arduino, utilizing various sensors such as Light Dependent Resistors (LDR), IR sensors, and temperature/humidity sensors to detect ambient light and weather conditions. It also describes cornering light activation through gyroscopes, accelerometers, wheel speed sensors, and steering angle sensors to enhance visibility during turns. The system aims to improve vehicle safety by ensuring headlights are appropriately activated based on environmental conditions.

Uploaded by

DHRUV KALBHOR
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views

Automatic Headlight Control Using Arduino-sensors

The document outlines a project for automatic headlight control using Arduino, utilizing various sensors such as Light Dependent Resistors (LDR), IR sensors, and temperature/humidity sensors to detect ambient light and weather conditions. It also describes cornering light activation through gyroscopes, accelerometers, wheel speed sensors, and steering angle sensors to enhance visibility during turns. The system aims to improve vehicle safety by ensuring headlights are appropriately activated based on environmental conditions.

Uploaded by

DHRUV KALBHOR
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

Automatic Headlight

Control Using Arduino


BY

THUL JANVI - 612210162


ATHRAV TAGALI – 642310018
SHRUTIKA WAGH – 642310020
YASHASHRI CHAUDHARI- 642310021
DHRUV KALBOR - 642310022
SENSORS TO BE USED

 This project primarily relies on light sensors to detect ambient light conditions
and automatically turn the headlights ON or OFF. The main sensor used is the
Light Dependent Resistor (LDR), but alternative sensors like the TSL2561
Light Sensor or BH1750 Light Sensor can also be used for enhanced
accuracy.Also IR sensor,Temperature and humidity sensor.
1. Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) – Primary Sensor
Working Principle:

An LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) is a passive electronic component whose


resistance decreases when exposed to light and increases in darkness.
It is used in a voltage divider circuit with a 10kΩ pull-down resistor to convert
resistance changes into a measurable voltage.
The Arduino reads the voltage at the analog input (A0) and determines the light
intensity.

How LDR Works in This Project:

Bright Light (Daytime) → Low Resistance → Low Voltage (Headlights OFF).


Darkness (Night/Tunnel) → High Resistance → High Voltage (Headlights ON).
The Arduino compares the LDR voltage to a threshold value (e.g., 300) and triggers
the relay to control the headlights.
2. IR (Infrared) Sensor – For Fog and Rain Detection
Why Use It?
Standard LDRs or light sensors may fail in foggy, rainy, or dusty conditions, where
visibility is reduced but ambient light is still present.
An IR sensor can detect water droplets or fog particles and trigger the headlights even
during daytime.

Working Principle:
Infrared light is emitted, and its reflection is measured.
Fog, mist, or rain scatter the IR light, causing less reflection.
The Arduino detects this and activates the headlights when visibility is low.
3.Temperature and Humidity Sensor (DHT11/DHT22) –
For Foggy Condition Detection
Why Use It?
Measures humidity levels, which helps detect foggy weather conditions.
If humidity is above a certain level (e.g., 85%), the headlights automatically
turn ON to improve visibility.

Working Principle:
The sensor measures temperature and humidity and sends the data to
Arduino.
If high humidity + low light conditions are detected, the headlights are
turned ON.
Sensors Used For Cornering
1. Gyroscope and Accelerometer (MPU6050) – Best Choice

How It Works:

The MPU6050 sensor contains a gyroscope (detects rotation) and an accelerometer (detects
movement).
It detects changes in vehicle direction and tilt when turning left or right.
The Arduino reads real-time angular velocity data from the gyroscope.
If a turn is detected, extra LEDs or fog lights on that side are activated.

Example Working:
If turning left: MPU6050 detects a negative yaw rate → Left cornering light turns ON.
If turning right: MPU6050 detects a positive yaw rate → Right cornering light turns ON.
After completing the turn, the additional lights turn OFF
2. Wheel Speed Sensors (Hall Effect or ABS Sensor)
How It Works:
Uses Hall Effect sensors to measure individual wheel speeds.
During a turn, inner and outer wheels rotate at different speeds.
The Arduino detects the speed difference between left and right wheels.
If the difference is significant, it activates the cornering light on the turning side.
.

Example Working:
If left wheels slow down while right wheels speed up, it means the vehicle is
turning left → Left light ON.
If right wheels slow down while left wheels speed up, it means the vehicle is
turning right → Right light ON.
3. Steering Angle Sensor (Potentiometer or Rotary Encoder)
How It Works:
A rotary potentiometer or rotary encoder is attached to the steering column.
When the driver turns the steering wheel, the sensor measures the angle.
If the angle exceeds a certain threshold (e.g., ±15°), the corresponding cornering light
turns ON.

Example Working:
Steering >15° Left: Left-side extra light turns ON.
Steering >15° Right: Right-side extra light turns ON.
Lights turn OFF when the steering returns to the center.

You might also like