Design of Current Amplifier

Circuit
(BJT Structure)
Reporters ： Jiayue Liu Yuxin Tan Zhenqiang Chen
Instructor ： Shu Han
Date ： 2025/03/23
 CONTENT
S
01 BJT 电流放大电路
BJT Current Amplifier Circuit
02 集成运放电路
Integrated Op-Amp Circuit

仿真分析与结果对比 误差分析与评估
03 Analysis of the Simulation
04 Evaluation and Application
1 BJT Current
Amplifier Circuit

 DC Analysis
 AC Analysis
 Passband Range Analysis
  BJT Current Amplifier
Circuit

Design a discrete transistor feedback current

amplifer to provide a current gain of 30. Assume the
available transistors have parameters β = 120 and VA =
∞. The signal current source has a source resistance of
Rs= 25 kΩ and the load is RL = 500Ω . Verify the design

with a computer simulation. Determine Rif and Rof

1 BJT Current Amplifier Circuit 2 Integrated Op-Amp Circuit 3 Analysis of the Simulation 4 Evaluation and Application
  BJT Current Amplifier
Circuit
[DC Analysis] [DC equavalent circuit]
First, from the quiescent value, determine
the small-signal parameters for Q1 and Q2.
For Q1:
 VT
I C1 ( ) I E1 0.198mA r  15.76k
1  1
I C1

VC1 V   I C1 RC1 2.08V I C1

g m1  7.62mA / V
VT
VC1  VBE ( on )
IE2  1.38mA For Q2:
RE
 VT
I C 2 ( ) I E 2 1.37mA r 2  2.28k
1  IC 2
IC 2
gm2  52.7 mA / V
VT

1 BJT Current Amplifier Circuit 2 Integrated Op-Amp Circuit 3 Analysis of the Simulation 4 Evaluation and Application
  BJT Current Amplifier
Circuit
[AC Analysis] [AC equavalent circuit]
Determine the small-signal closed-loop
current gain Aif=io/is.
a) Using nodal analysis, applying KCL:
 V 1 V 1 V 1  Ve
I S   
 R S r1 RF
 V 2  Ve V 2
 g m1V 1   0
 R C1 r2
V 2 V V V
  g m 2V 2  e  e  1
 r 2 RE RF

 RC 2
 I o  g m 2V 2
 RC2  RL Io R R
   Aif   C 2 F 30
I  g m 2 V I s RC 2  RL
 s RF  2

1 BJT Current Amplifier Circuit 2 Integrated Op-Amp Circuit 3 Analysis of the Simulation 4 Evaluation and Application
  BJT Current Amplifier
Circuit
[AC Analysis] [AC equavalent circuit]
Determine the small-signal closed-loop
current gain Aif=io/is.

b) Analyze the feedback current Ifb:

RE 2
I fb  IE2
RE 2  RF
RC 2
I o  IE2
RC 2  RL
RE 2 RC 2  RL
I fb   Io
RC 2 RE 2  RF Because RF ≫ RE2
RE 2 RC 2  RL I o RC 2 RE 2  RF R R
I s I fb   Io  Aif     C 2 F 30
RC 2 RE 2  RF I s RE 2 RC 2  RL RC 2  RL

1 BJT Current Amplifier Circuit 2 Integrated Op-Amp Circuit 3 Analysis of the Simulation 4 Evaluation and Application
  BJT Current Amplifier
Circuit
[Passband Range Analysis]
• Calulate
fL V V 2

 I X  g m 2V 2  
RE r 2

 1 1
g V
 m2  2  V (  )
RL RC 2



V VX  I X ( R F  RS r 1 )

1
 Req   RF  RS r 1 47.638k
1 1 1 1
(  )(1  ) The equivalent circuit of CF:
RL RC 2 g m 2V 2 RE

1
 fL  0.738Hz
2ReqC F

1 BJT Current Amplifier Circuit 2 Integrated Op-Amp Circuit 3 Analysis of the Simulation 4 Evaluation and Application
  BJT Current Amplifier
Circuit Range Analysis]
[Passband
• Calulate
fH
 RL' RC1 (r 2  (1   ) RE  ( RC 2 RL ))

 '
Ceq C (1  g m RL )

 Req r r 1

1
 fH  1.768MHz
2ReqCeq

1 BJT Current Amplifier Circuit 2 Integrated Op-Amp Circuit 3 Analysis of the Simulation 4 Evaluation and Application
2 Integrated
Op-Amp
Circuit
  Integrated OP-Amp
Circuit
[Reference Circuit
Diagram]

Model: LF353

Reasons for selection of LF353:

a) High Input Impedance
b) Low Input Bias Current
c) High gain bandwidth product LF353 Internal equivalent
d) Low Noise Characteristics circuit

Device Parameters of LF353

1 BJT Current Amplifier Circuit 2 Integrated Op-Amp Circuit 3 Analysis of the Simulation 4 Evaluation and Application
3 Analysis of
the
Simulation
  Analysis of the
Simulation Results of DC BJT Device
[BJT Current Amplifier Parameters(2N222A):
simulation
Circuit]
IC1 = 197A, error=0.505%

VC1 = 1.63V, error=21.634%

IE2 = 1.01mA, error=26.81%

IC2 = 0.997A, error=27.23%

1 BJT Current Amplifier Circuit 2 Integrated Op-Amp Circuit 3 Analysis of the Simulation 4 Evaluation and Application
  Analysis of the
Simulation
Waveform diagram Maximum undistorted output
voltage
Iin(p-p) Vout(p-p) THD

23.5 354.21mV 0.068%

24.5 369.16mV 0.073%

25.5 384.25mV 0.085%

26.5 398.16mV 0.186%

27.5 397.97mV 1.761%

28.5 395.18mV 3.953%

29.5 395.91mV 6.036%

1 BJT Current Amplifier Circuit 2 Integrated Op-Amp Circuit 3 Analysis of the Simulation 4 Evaluation and Application
  Analysis of the
Simulation
[BJT Current Amplifier Circuit]

Maximum voltage gain:

38.0832dB

Passband Range:
189Hz~1.12MHz
Bandwidth:1.1119MHz

1 BJT Current Amplifier Circuit 2 Integrated Op-Amp Circuit 3 Analysis of the Simulation 4 Evaluation and Application
  Analysis of the 𝑉 𝑖 1 .15 𝑚𝑉
𝑅 𝑖= = =1. 9958 𝑘 𝛺 ;
Simulation
[Op-Amp Circuit] 𝐼 𝑖 3 . 96 𝜇 𝐴

Short the load

𝐼 𝑜𝑜 − 𝐼 𝑜𝐿 2 . 02 𝑚𝐴− 1. 96 𝑚𝐴
𝑅 𝑜= 𝑅 𝐿= ∗ 0 . 5 𝑘 𝛺=10 . 204 𝛺
𝐼 𝑜𝐿 1 . 96 𝑚𝐴

Maximum undistorted output

voltage
Iin(p-p) Vout(p-p) THD

Waveform 0.966
50.0 1.431V
%
diagram
1.672
52.5 1.499V
%
2.250
55 1.560V
%
2.845
57.5 1.643V
%
3.310
60.0 1.706V
%

1 BJT Current Amplifier Circuit 2 Integrated Op-Amp Circuit 3 Analysis of the Simulation 4 Evaluation and Application
  Analysis of the
Simulation
[Op-Amp Circuit]

Maximum voltage gain: 29.9859dB

Passband Range:
1Hz~0.9357MHz
Bandwidth:0.9357MHz

1 BJT Current Amplifier Circuit 2 Integrated Op-Amp Circuit 3 Analysis of the Simulation 4 Evaluation and Application
4 Evaluation
and
Application
  Evaluation and
Application Ri Ro Ai
Passban
Vom
d
Discrete 1.1119MH
30 397.97mV
circuit z
Integrat
0.9357MH
ed 932 10.204 30 1.643V
[Error analysis] circuit
z

IC1 = 197A, error=0.505%

VC1 = 1.63V, error=21.634%

IE2 = 1.01mA, error=26.81%

IC2 = 0.997A, error=27.23%

For Q point error:
• In the theoretical calculations, some current shunts are ignored. While in simulation it is not
neglected. This ultimately leads to a large error.
• Voltage on the current source (IE) side is unknown.
• The actual diode used has an Early effect and has an internal resistance ro.

1 BJT Current Amplifier Circuit 2 Integrated Op-Amp Circuit 3 Analysis of the Simulation 4 Evaluation and Application
  Evaluation and
Application Ri Ro Ai
Passban
Vom
d
Discrete 1.1119MH
30 397.97mV
circuit z
Integrat
0.9357MH
ed 932 10.204 30 1.643V
z
circuit
[Difference of input/output
resistance]
• The internal circuit of the selected op-amp has a different structure than the discrete circuit, so
the resistance is different.

• During the simulation process, the parameters of the devices also differ from the theoretical
values, for example, some parameters of the transisitor.

1 BJT Current Amplifier Circuit 2 Integrated Op-Amp Circuit 3 Analysis of the Simulation 4 Evaluation and Application
  Evaluation and
Application Ri Ro Ai
Passban
Vom
d
Discrete 1.1119MH
30 397.97mV
circuit z
Integrat
0.9357MH
ed 932 10.204 30 1.643V
z
circuit
Theoretical calculation:0.738Hz-1.768MHz
[Error analysis]

For Passband error:

• For the theoretical calculations, we used a simplified calculation process: different simplified
models were used in the low and high frequency ranges. While in the simulation process there is
no simplification.

• The internal capacitance shown in the datasheet of the BJT device deviates somewhat from
reality;

1 BJT Current Amplifier Circuit 2 Integrated Op-Amp Circuit 3 Analysis of the Simulation 4 Evaluation and Application
  Evaluation and
Application
[Application
]

Audio-based amplifier Radio frequency Biomedical Instruments

amplifier
Biomedical instruments
The characteristics of
In radio frequency often need to process weak
the amplifier make it
applications, the high biological signals, such as
very suitable for the
frequency signal needs an electrocardiogram (ECG)
design of the audio
to be amplified, and the or electroencephalograms
amplifier. It provides
common amplifier is (EEG). The coemission
the higher voltage
popular because of its amplification circuit is very
gain because of the
good high frequency effective for amplifying
current amplification
response characteristics. these weak biological
characteristics.
signals because it provides
high gain and lower noise.

1 BJT Current Amplifier Circuit 2 Integrated Op-Amp Circuit 3 Analysis of the Simulation 4 Evaluation and Application
 Thanks!
Reporters ： Jiayue Liu Yu x i n Ta n Zhenqiang Chen

Instructor ： Shu Han

Date ： 2025/03/23