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American Revolution Edited

The document outlines the Enlightenment ideas that influenced the American and French Revolutions, highlighting key thinkers like Hobbes, Locke, Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Rousseau. It discusses the tensions between British colonists and the British government, leading to events like the Boston Massacre and the Boston Tea Party, which fueled the push for independence. The Declaration of Independence is emphasized as a reflection of Enlightenment principles, particularly the rights of individuals and the role of government.

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2 views

American Revolution Edited

The document outlines the Enlightenment ideas that influenced the American and French Revolutions, highlighting key thinkers like Hobbes, Locke, Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Rousseau. It discusses the tensions between British colonists and the British government, leading to events like the Boston Massacre and the Boston Tea Party, which fueled the push for independence. The Declaration of Independence is emphasized as a reflection of Enlightenment principles, particularly the rights of individuals and the role of government.

Uploaded by

korakhelise
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AMERICAN and

french
revolution
REVIEW
ENLIGHTENMENT ENLIGHTENMENT IDEAS
THINKERS
 All people are evil.
Hobbes  To stop evil, people must surrender freedom.
 Follow the king without question.
 All people are good.
 People are entitled to life, liberty and property.
Locke  A government must protect rights.
 People can replace government if it fails.
 A government should protect freedom.
Montesquieu  A government divides into three branches (Executive,
Legislative, and Judicial).
 Freedom of speech.
Voltaire  Freedom to speak what is in your mind.
 All people are good.
 Environment is evil.
Rousseau  Education is the best thing to fight evil.
 Majority wins – group first before individual.
At the end of the
lesson, you should be
able to:
✣ Explain the relation of the
age of enlightenment to the
American and French
Revolutions

3
FOCUS QUESTION:
How do new ideas transform
and bring lasting change to
our society?

4
American Revolution
✣ WORDS TO REMEMBER

COLONY/COLONIES - a country or area under the full


or partial political control of another country, typically
a distant one, and occupied by settlers from that
country.

COLONIST - a settler in or inhabitant of a colony.

6
COLONY

COLONIZERS

COLONIST

7
The early colonist
-In 1607, British settlers first established a colony in Jamestown, Virginia.

-Britain’s thirteen
colonies stretched
along the Atlantic
coast of North
America

8
Jamestown colony

9
• Connecticut
• Delaware
13 COLONIES • Georgia
• Maryland
• Massachusetts
• New Hampshire
• New Jersey
• New York
• North Carolina
• South Carolina
• Rhode island
• Virginia
Tension in the Colonies (started early 18th century)

COLONIST BRITISH GOVERNMENT

VS

11
■ Objections to Mercantilist Policies

-they had to support the mercantilist policies


and practices of Britain at the time

-the British government paid for the goods at


very low rates

-goods can only be sold to British

12
■ Regulation of Trade and Imposition of Taxes

- French and Indian War

- To recover its losses from


the war, British government
set out to impose more taxes
on the colonist

- Colonist protested

13
■ The Parliament passed the following regulation
and taxation laws:
Sugar Act of 1764 Quartering Act of 1765 Stamp Act of 1765

Increased in duties on Ordered the colonist to pay Taxed printed matter,


coffee, sugar, and wine that for housing and other including deeds, legal
the colonies imported from supplies for the British documents, licenses,
the West Indies soldiers stationed in the newspapers, and even
colonies playing cards

14
SERIES OF EVENTS THAT HAPPENED

From Protests to Violence

■ The Boston Massacre

■ The Boston Tea Party

■ The Battle of Lexington and Concord

The Colonies’ moves toward Independence

15
FROM PROTESTS TO VIOLENCE
The Boston Massacre 1770  the parliament passed the
TOWNSHEND ACTS
which imposed new taxes
on glass, lead, paint,
paper, tea, and many
other items regularly

 Due to the tension created


by the WRIT OF
ASSISTANCE

 3 civilians were killed and


2 were mortally wounded
by British troops
16
FROM PROTESTS TO VIOLENCE
The Boston Tea Party

 The Parliament passed


the TEA ACT which gave
the British East India
Company the monopoly to
sell tea from China in
America
 Passed the Intolerable Act
as a sanction to the
Boston colonists

17
FROM PROTESTS TO VIOLENCE
Battle of Lexington and Concord  On April 1775, British
soldiers arrived at the
towns of Lexington and
Concord to verify their
suspicions about
gunpowder and weapons
being stored by colonist
civilian soldiers called
militia

18
The Colonies’ moves toward Independence’

 Established continental army to be led


by George Washington
 Declaration of Independence
 The Treat of Paris

19
Let us study the excerpt below:
Declaration of Independence

“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created
equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain
unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the
pursuit of Happiness. That to secure these rights, Governments are
instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent
of the governed; That whenever any Form of Government becomes
destructive of these ends it is the Right of the People to alter or
abolish it, and to institute new Government…”

Which idea in the Enlightenment was reflected in this


20
Biography
George Washington (1732-1799)
As president, George Washington acted on the Enlightenment ideals
given form in the Constitution. Some leaders felt that the president
should have given a grand title. Instead, Washington chose to be
addressed as “Mr. President”. He believed that a simple form of
address was more appropriate for the leader for a republic.
Toward the end of his second term in office, some hoped that he
would run again, become a president for life. Again, Washington
disagreed. Later presidents followed this example. No president
would run for a third term until 1940 – nearly 150 years after
Washington left office.

How did Washington’s presidency reflect the ideas of the


Enlightenment? 21
QUESTIONS?

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