TYPES O

2nd Quarter-MODULE
 There are three types
of speeches
according to purpose
from which you can
Overvie
w choose the best one
or the most
appropriate for a
given situation.
The purpose of a speech to
inform is to deliver a clear
understanding of the
information on a specific topic.
The speaker, as the source of
details, makes the audience
listen, understand, and
An informative speech may focus
on the following: giving
instructions, explaining a
process, describing an object or
idea, and clarifying a concept. At
the end of the speech, the
audience should be able to
present a balanced view of the
The speech to persuade is
done not only to inform,
but also to acquire
approval and agreement
from the audience.
The speaker convinces and
influences the audience to think,
believe and/or act from his/her
standpoint. This is achieved
through adoption of the speaker’s
perspective using his information,
facts, and ideas, and details.
 A persuasive speech
may provide an
emphasis on giving
facts, altering belief,
and urging the
audience to act.
The speech to entertain allows the
audience to enjoy the presentation
through humor and relaxation. In
the same way, the speaker
provides a certain point of view on
a particular subject perhaps in a
lighter manner.
1st Speech
A speech to inform. Also
known as expository
speech, it explains,
describes, and clarifies an
object, a process, and an
idea. Note that it provides
valuable facts to further
establish its credibility to the
audience.
There are several ways to
organize the body of an
expository speech. Depending on
the speaker’s objective, an
informative speech may be
presented with the following
methods of organization:
 Ideas are organized
according to the time
1. they occurred;
Chronologi details are
cal/Sequen
tial Order - explained through
a step-by-step
procedure.
  The Life and Career of Oprah Winfrey (Chronological
Example:
Arrangement)
A speech about Oprah
Winfrey’s life and career  Thesis: Oprah’s career can be understood by four
may be arranged key, interconnected life stages.
chronologically. In this  I. Oprah’s childhood was spent in rural Mississippi,
case, the main points are where she endured sexual abuse from family
arranged by following members.
Winfrey’s life from birth to  II. Oprah’s early career was characterized by stints
present time. Life events on local radio and television networks in Nashville
(e.g., birth, her early and Chicago.
career, her life after
 III.Oprah’s tenure as host of the Oprah Winfrey
ending the Oprah
Show began in 1986 and lasted until 2011, a period
Winfrey Show) are
marked by much success.
arranged according to the
time they happened.  IV. Oprah’s mostrecent media venture is OWN: The
Oprah Winfrey Network, which plays host to a variety
of television shows including Oprah’s Next Chapter.
  Information
2. is arranged
Climacti
c Order according to
each point’s
importance.
  Potential Effects of Just a Small Increase in the
Example: Earth's Atmospheric Temperature.
The topic from Toby  (Climactic Arrangement)
Fulwiler and Alan  Thesis: A small increase in the earth’s atmospheric
Hayakawa’s The temperature can produce domino effects to the
Blair Handbook planet’s atmosphere to the earth’s ecosystem
(2003) produced  I. A rise of only a few degrees could melt the polar
scientific
icecaps.
predictions to
 II. Rainfall patterns would change.
arouse and alarm
a general,  III. Some deserts might bloom, but lands now fertile
nonscientific might turn to desert, and many hot climates could
audience: become uninhabitable.
 IV. If these a level rose only a few feet, dozens of
coastal cities would be destroyed, and life as we
know it would be changed utterly.
  Details are
presented from
3. Topical points to
Orderr subpoints or
topics to
subtopics.
  Composition of a Newspaper Company
(Topical Arrangement)
Example:  Thesis: The newspaper has four primary
A speech about departments.

the four  I. The advertising department sells display

advertisements to local and national
departments of businesses.

newspaper are  II. The editorial department produces the

written content of the newspaper, including
arranged from feature stories.
the main topics  III. The production department lays out the

to its subtopics. pages and manages pre-press work such as

distilling the pages and processing colors.
 IV. The business department processes
payments from advertisers, employee
paperwork, and the bi-weekly payroll.
4. Spatial
Order  Ideas are organized
from the physical
structure of location
of the subject; it is
usually used for
descriptions.
Example:
 A speech about The University of Georgia frames
the discussion in terms of the campus layout.
The spatial style is fitting since the differences in
architecture and uses of space are related to
particular geographic areas, making location a
central organizing factor. As such, the spatial
style highlights these location differences.
 Notice that the last statement of the
script states a persuasive standpoint. A
speaker may consider a topic where
he/she thinks people will have different
view or a subject he/she is interested
at. This is strongly backed up by key
information such as statistics,
examples, and expert judgement.
 In a persuasive speech,
logical reasoning, emotional
appeal to the audience, and
credibility of the speaker
are three important
characteristics to establish a
convincing speech.
 1. Logical
reasoning, also known
as logos, is creating an
argument based on the
gathered evidence.
 2. Emotional appeal or
pathos creates a feeling of
empathy on the part of the
audience; it arouses strong
emotions such as anger,
sadness, joy, or shame.
3. Lastly, the credibility of the
speaker or ethos pertains to
the trustworthiness that the
audience attributes to the
speaker, thus, making the
listeners accept what the
speaker says.
As the speaker’s objective
is to convince and
influence the audience,
the following are some of
the ways to develop a
persuasive speech:
 1.Problem-solution
Order Information is
organized by presenting
a problem and offering
several solutions.
2. Comparative Advantage
Method
Two details are presented
which highlight one idea as
more beneficial than the
other.
3.Statement of the Reasons Method-
Ideas are organized with a thesis
statement followed by
supporting reasons; a deductive
approach where the listeners are
led from general to specific
information.
ENTERTAINING
SPEECH
“ … Very well. I have a few things in my mind which I
have often longed to say for the instruction of the young;
for it is one’s tender early years that such things will
best take root and be most enduring and most valuable.
First, then. I will say to you my young friends – and I say
it beseechingly, urgently – Always obey your parents,
when
they are present. This is the best policy in the long run,
because if you don’t, they will make you. Most parents
think they know better than you do, and you can
generally make more by humoring that superstition
than you can by acting on your own better judgment.”

-An excerpt from “Advice to Youth” by Mark Twain,

1882
An entertaining speech
imparts a lighter
mood to the audience
while a lesson or
point is taught.
 Its primary goal is to
stimulate the emotions in
an optimistic manner. Just
like an informative and
persuasive speech, the
speech to entertain should
discuss an appropriate
topic that is relevant to the
audience.
The following are the general
steps in preparing a speech:
to inform, to persuade, and to
entertain.
 Choose
your
topic
Determine
Rehearse
your
out loud purpose

Write an outline
to organize
ideas;
Analyze
introduction, the
body and audienc
conclusion e
Research and
gather
information or
evidence to
support your
main points
A-C-T-I-V-I-T-Y T-I-M-E!
Directions: Choose one type
of speech according to
purpose. Then, construct a
speech about someone who
inspires you the most in life.
Do this activity on a short
bond paper.