Market integration

• promotes increased competition by

providing more opportunities for firms to
compete in a larger market. This
increased competition can lead to lower
prices, improved quality of products and
services, and greater innovation.
 S AG REEMENT
BRETTON WOOD

• In order to create a global economic system that would ensure

longer-lasting peace, a network of global financial institutions
that would promote economic independence and prosperity was set
up.
• Inaugurated during the United Nations Monetary and Financial
Conference.(1944)

• With the Bretton Woods Agreement that currencies linked to the

price of gold, the INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND was created
and consist of 189 member countries. IMF is an international
organization that aims to promote global economic growth and
financial stability to encourage international trade and reduce
proverty.
• The WORLD BANK GROUP was also created
following the Bretton Wood Agreements to provide
financial assistance to countries affected by World
War 1 reconstruction projects in 1945.
THE GLOBAL INTERSTATE
SYSTEM
 OBJECTIVES
1. Explain the effects of globalization on governments;
2. Identify the institutions that govern international relations;
and
3. Differentiate internationalism from globalism.
• Countries around the world are exercising different
forms of government.
• Political scholars may have different observations on a
certain country based on their interest.
• International relations is being studied then. It is
attempting to explain the interactions of states in the
global interstate system and the behavior that occurs
across the boundaries of states. A deeper understanding of
this will lead to a certain phenomenon known as
internationalization.
NOITAZILANOTIANRETN
I

INTERNATIONALIZATION
 INTERNATIONALIZATION

• Is the process of increasing involvement of business in

the international arena.
• Is an increase importance of international trade,
alliances, and treaties.
• However, this does not equal to globalization which
encompasses a lot of things. It tries to erase national
boundaries for economic purposes.
4 Key attributes in world politics today

1. There are states that are independent from one another.

2. These states interact with one another through diplomacy.
3. International organizations exist to facilitate these
interactions.
4. Beyond facilitating meeting among states, these
organizations also take lives on their own.
 To better understand the system

• IT IS ESSENTIAL
TO UNDERSTAND WHAT IS A COUNTRY THAT
IS CALLED A NATION-STATE?
What is a nation-state?
NATION VS. STATE
 STATE

• Elements of State
• 1. People
• 2. Territory
• 3. Sovereignty
• 4. Government
IN THE ABSENCE OF ONE ELEMENT, A STATE
CEASE TO EXIST.
 NATION

• Refers to a group of people who share common

characteristics like history or origin, culture, religion
and language.
• A nations may consist of many states.
• The nationalism among the people actually initiated the
formation of states. People came up with social contract
agreement that there must be a government where it will
serve as an instrument to through which their will is
expressed, formulated, and realized. Hence, state and
nation are closely related to each other.
 Effects of globalization on
governments
• Based from the study done by Mohammad Abo Gazleh (2001)
POSITIVE EFFECTS BROUGHT BY GLOBALIZATION:
1. In communication, subscribers and users of the internet are remarkably
increasing.
2. In education, new communication and technologies enabled the students and
researchers to access ideas and information from the best libraries around the
globe.
3. In different fore issues, Everyone is made aware of the rights of women and
children, health, environment, discrimination and inequalities through increased
media coverage.
• 4. In culture, clear and deeper understanding of the different
communities.
• 5.In resources, A growing interdependence among these
countries.
• 6.In investment, Developing countries pushes up the
reserve of foreign exchange.
• 7. In competition, Domestic and global corporation will
improve the quality of their product and services to compete
globally resulting a survival of fittest situation.
 NEGATIVE EFFECTS BROUGHT BY
GLOBALIZATION
1. In culture, globalization is a challenge to culture and
language.
2. In developing countries, they contributed a lot in the
system, they do not yied benefits from such contribution.
3. In religion, religious values lose their influence on people’s
behaviors due to the promotion of pure secular system
values.
4. In morals, immoral acts are not only globalized but also
becoming a disease.
5. In international politics, the collapse of some countries.
• 6. In economy, the emergence of global corporations that
offer cheaper products and services.
• 7. In science, immoral purposes and to damage the dignity
of man who is created by God including the environment.
 INSTITUTIONS GOVERNING
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS.

• International institutions form a vital part of contemporary

international relations.
• They are the central focus of policymaking efforts around the
world. These are the organizations with international membership,
scope, or presence. As discussed, these are international non
governmental organizations. (INGO)

Examples:
1.United Nations and Organization of Islamic Cooperation
2.Asian Development Bank and International Monetary Fund
3.Human Rights Committee and International Criminal Court
 internationalism

• When different nations decided to cooperate with one another

in political economic and cultural aspects for the promotion of
the common good.
 GLOBALISM

• Globalism is an ideology based on the belief that people, goods and information ought to be
able to cross national borders unfettered.

Internationalism come in three types.

1. Hegemonic internationalism- is the dominance of one country over a nation or nation-state.
2. Liberal Internationalism- nations-states should give up some of their freedom and establish a
continuously growing global system consisting of various nations working together to
prevent lawlessness in the world.
3. Revolutionary internationalism-believes that conflict in the society are due to international
factors and alliances. Nation-states are forced to do what they think is right
 Marx did not separate the world into
countries but divided into classes.

• 1. CAPITALIST- Exploits, abuses and oppressions.

• 2. SOCIALIST-Unite one another to protect themselves.

• The distinct dimensions of globalism are economic, military,

environmental, social or cultural globalism.
Furthermore, Globalism and Globalization should not be taken
synonymous terms. The two conceps are not of the same
phenomenon. Globalism is the network of nation-states.
 Performance task ACTIVITY

Performance Task: Roleplay Presentation on Globalization

Objectives: Students will analyze, interpret, and creatively
present the positive and negative effects of globalization
through a roleplay scenario.
• Instructions:
1.Group Formation
1. Form groups of 4-6 members.
2. Each group will be assigned a specific aspect of globalization (e.g., economy, culture, environment, technology, labor, politics).
2.Scenario Creation
1. Each group will develop a short skit (5-10 minutes) that highlights both the positive and negative effects of globalization in their
assigned aspect.
2. The skit should include a realistic situation (e.g., a business meeting, news report, community discussion, social media debate,
family talk, etc.).
3.Character Roles
1. Assign characters that represent different perspectives (e.g., a business owner, a factory worker, a government official, a consumer,
an environmentalist, a migrant worker, etc.).
2. Each character should express arguments, concerns, or benefits related to globalization.
4.Presentation Requirements
1. The roleplay should have a clear storyline with a beginning, conflict, and resolution.
2. Use props, costumes, or multimedia to enhance the presentation (optional but encouraged).
3. Ensure that every member actively participates in the performance.
5.Evaluation Criteria:
1. Content & Relevance (40%) – Clear presentation of globalization’s positive and negative effects.
2. Creativity & Delivery (30%) – Engaging and well-acted roleplay.
3. Collaboration & Participation (20%) – Equal contribution from all members.
4. Clarity & Organization (10%) – Well-structured storyline and clear message.
6.Submission:
1. Each group must submit a short script or summary (1-2 pages) outlining their scenario and characters before the presentation.
THANK YOU!