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17-8-23 Introduction to Basic Terminologies in DC Circuits

The document covers fundamental concepts in Electrical and Electronics Engineering, focusing on electric circuits, including DC and AC circuit analysis, Kirchhoff's laws, and various theorems. It distinguishes between active and passive components, detailing their roles and examples. Additionally, it explains key electrical parameters such as voltage, current, resistance, power, and energy.

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2 views

17-8-23 Introduction to Basic Terminologies in DC Circuits

The document covers fundamental concepts in Electrical and Electronics Engineering, focusing on electric circuits, including DC and AC circuit analysis, Kirchhoff's laws, and various theorems. It distinguishes between active and passive components, detailing their roles and examples. Additionally, it explains key electrical parameters such as voltage, current, resistance, power, and energy.

Uploaded by

pranith.cm
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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21EES101T – ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS

ENGINEERING
UNIT 1

Unit-1 -Electric Circuits


Introduction to basic terminologies in DC circuit, Kirchhoff’s Current law, Kirchhoff’s Voltage law,
Mesh Current Analysis, Nodal Voltage Analysis, Thevenin’s Theorem, Maximum power transfer
Theorem, Superposition Theorem.
Basic terminologies of AC -RMS and Average value of half wave and Full wave alternating
quantity, Fundamentals of single-phase AC circuits- Analysis of R-L, R-C, R-L-C series circuits-
Fundamentals of three phase AC system, Three-Phase Winding Connections, Relationship of
Line and Phase Voltages, and Currents in a Delta and Star-connected System
Practice on Theorems, Halfwave, Full wave bridge rectifier circuits.

2
Introduction to basic terminologies in DC circuit
Electric circuits are broadly classified as direct current (dc) circuits and alternating
current (ac) circuits. In both dc and ac circuits several two-terminal elements are interconnected. Table
shows the elements used in dc circuits and ac circuits.

3
Active and Passive two terminal elements
Active Components
An active component is an electronic component which supplies energy to a circuit. Active elements have the
ability to electrically control electron flow (i.e. the flow of charge). All electronic circuits must contain at least
one active component.
Examples
Voltage sources, Current sources, Generators , transistors, Diodes

Passive Components
A passive component is an electronic component which can only receive energy, which it can either dissipate,
absorb or store it in an electric field or a magnetic field
Examples
Resistors, Inductors, Capacitors, Transformers.

4
A simple DC circuit is given in below figure to get aware of DC circuit components and its parameters.

Electric Voltage: The potential difference between two points or voltage in an electric circuit is the amount of energy
required to move a unit charge between two points. Unit: Volts
Electric Current
It is the flow of electrons or electric charge. Unit: Ampere
Difference Between Conventional and Electron Current
Flow:

5
Resistance:
The resistance of a conducting material opposes the flow of electrons. It is measured in ohms ( Ω )
Electric Power (P)
The power is termed as the work done in a given amount of time. Unit : Watts
P = VI or I2R or V2/R

Electrical Energy
The rate at which electrical power consumed is generally referred as electrical energy. Unit: watt-seconds or watt-hr
E=Px t

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