Scribd
Upload
2 views

L1ACAUTO

The document provides an overview of automobile heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, detailing their design principles and importance in maintaining indoor comfort. It explains the refrigeration cycle, which includes compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation stages, and discusses various types of refrigerants used in automotive air conditioning. The document emphasizes the significance of air conditioning in vehicles for comfort, safety, and performance.

Uploaded by

regan12francis
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

L1ACAUTO

The document provides an overview of automobile heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, detailing their design principles and importance in maintaining indoor comfort. It explains the refrigeration cycle, which includes compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation stages, and discusses various types of refrigerants used in automotive air conditioning. The document emphasizes the significance of air conditioning in vehicles for comfort, safety, and performance.

Uploaded by

regan12francis
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 21

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF

TRANSPORT (NIT)

DEPARTMENT: Automotive And Mechanical Engineering (AME)


MODULE: Automobile Heating and Air Conditioning.
MODULE CODE: AET G5209
FACILITATOR :Eng. Ephraem FS
AUTOMOBILE HVAC SYSTEM
• HVAC systems design - is a sub discipline of mechanical
engineering, based on the principles
of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer.
Activity
• Why HVAC in AUTOMOBILE?
AUTOMOBILE HVAC SYTEM
What is H.V.AC ?
• Is the technology of indoor and vehicular environmental
comfort. consists of a chain of components designed to heat,
ventilate or cool a specific area while maintaining a defined
environmental cleanliness level.
Aim:
• To provide thermal comfort and acceptable indoor air quality.
INTRODUCTION TO AIR CONDITIONING
• An air conditioning system is designed to control the
temperature, humidity, and air quality of an indoor
environment. It works by using a refrigeration cycle to
transfer heat from the indoor air to the outdoor environment.
• It works by using a refrigeration cycle to transfer heat from
the indoor air to the outdoor environment.
• Refrigeration This is the process of removing heat from a
space or substance to lower its temperature. It’s mainly used
in systems like refrigerators and freezers.
AUTOMOBILE AIR CONDITIONING
What is Automobile Air Conditioning?
o Air conditioning in a car is a system that keeps the inside of the
vehicle cool and comfortable by controlling the temperature and
humidity. It removes heat from the cabin, making it especially
useful during hot weather..
Important Of Automobile Air Conditioning

•Comfort – Maintains a pleasant temperature.


•Humidity Control – Reduces moisture in the air.
•Air Filtration – Removes dust, and other pollutants.
•Defogging/Defrosting – Clears foggy or frosted windows.
•Increased Focus and Safety – Reduces driver fatigue.
•Preventing Heat Stroke – Protects passengers from extreme heat.
•Preserving Electronics.
•Improved Engine Performance (Indirect).
•Cabin Freshness – Circulates fresh air in the cabin.
THE REFRIGERATION CYCLE
• The refrigeration cycle is the process used by air conditioning
and refrigeration systems to remove heat from a space and
cool it down. The system uses a special fluid called
refrigerant that flows through the system, absorbing and
releasing heat to maintain a comfortable temperature
• It involves four main stages, and each stage has a specific job.

• Stages : Compression, Condensation, Expansion, Evaporation.


THE REFRIGERATION CYCLE
The Refrigeration cycle stages
• Compression
What happens?
o The refrigerant starts as a low-pressure gas in the compressor.
o The compressor compresses the gas, which increases its pressure
and temperature, turning it into a hot, high-pressure gas.
• Condensation
What happens?
o The hot, high-pressure gas then moves into the condenser (usually
located outside).
o In the condenser, the gas loses heat to the outside air and
condenses into a cool liquid.
The Refrigeration cycle stages
• Expansion
What happens?
o The cool, high-pressure liquid refrigerant then passes through an expansion
valve (or a capillary tube).
o As the refrigerant passes through the valve, it expands and drops in
pressure.
o This rapid expansion causes the refrigerant to cool even further, turning part
of it into a cold, low-pressure gas-liquid mixture.
The Refrigeration cycle stages
• Evaporation
What happens?
o The low-pressure, cold refrigerant then enters the evaporator
(usually inside the building, like the air handler or AC unit).
o In the evaporator, the refrigerant absorbs heat from the indoor air,
evaporating the liquid refrigerant into a gas.
o As the refrigerant absorbs heat from the air, the air cools down and
is blown back into the room.
Activity
• Describe components used for refrigeration cycle.
Refrigeration cycle sketch summary
REFRIGERANT
• Refrigerants are fluids used in air conditioning systems to
absorb and release heat. There are several types of
refrigerants, and they vary based on their environmental
impact, efficiency, and application.

 How Are Refrigerants Used in Cars?


o Refrigerants circulate through the A/C system, moving from
one part to another (compressor, condenser, evaporator,
etc.), absorbing and releasing heat. This helps maintain a
comfortable temperature inside the car.
The major categories of Refrigerant include.

 CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons): Previously widely used, but harmful to the


ozone layer. E.g., R-12.
 HCFCs (Hydrochlorofluorocarbons): Less harmful to the ozone layer but
still contribute to global warming. E.g., R-22 (phased out in many countries).
 HFCs (Hydrofluorocarbons): Do not harm the ozone layer but are potent
greenhouse gases. E.g. R-134a.
 HFOs (Hydrofluoro-olefins): Newer, environmentally friendly refrigerants
with low global warming potential. E.g., R-1234yf.
 Natural Refrigerants: Include CO₂, ammonia, and hydrocarbons like
propane (R-290), which have a minimal environmental impact.
Properties of Refrigerants
For a refrigerant to work properly, it needs certain properties:
 Low Boiling Point: It needs to boil and evaporate at a low
temperature so it can absorb heat easily.
 Non-toxic: It must not be harmful if it leaks into the air or comes into
contact with people.
 Non-flammable: It should not catch fire easily to ensure safety.
 Good Heat Absorption: It must be able to absorb and release a lot of
heat as it moves through the system.
Activity
• "Refrigerant Properties Comparison“
BONUS LINK
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nm0vXRiLTqs
THANK YOU…

You might also like