MULTIMEDIA

Learning Objectives
1 define multimedia;

2 describe the five multimedia instructional

examples;
define hypermedia and describe three
3 instructional applications;
Identify the advantages and limitations of
4 multimedia;
enumerate how multimedia can be
5 integrated into kindergarten curriculum;
create lessons for kindergarten using
6 hypermedlo; and
write a lesson pian integrating multimedia
7 for kindergarten learners.
 Introduction:
There are various ways of using instructional materials In
engaging leamers in the classroom activities. The materials that
teachers should use must have a combination of pictures,
graphics, test, and movies. Integration of the use of computers
could motivate children. The combination of these media is
called multimedia. Now, the challenge of teachers is how to
make and integrate
multimedia in teaching kindergarten learners. In this lesson, the
definition of multimedia will be presented as well as the five
multimedia examples and how each can be applied to the
lesson. Further, it will Identify the advantages and
Imitations of using multimedia in teaching and learning the
process of young learners.
THINK: Multimedia
for Teaching and
Learning
Multimedia integrates traditional and digital
media, including text, graphics, video, animation,
and audio, allowing information to be stored,
communicated, and managed digitally (Smaldino,
Lowther, & Russell, 2012; Pavithra, Aathilingam, &
Prakash, 2018). The rise of the Internet has
significantly increased its demand and popularity.
The primary goal of multimedia is to create a
multisensory learning experience that enhances
engagement and comprehension. Teachers
recognize that students have different learning
styles—auditory, visual, and tactile—and
multimedia helps cater to these differences. By
using a variety of media, learning becomes more
interactive, improving retention and
understanding.
 Types of Multimedia
There are different types of multimedia. These are multimedia kits, hypermedia,
interactive
Multimedia Hypermedia
media, and virtual reality
Kits materials that integrate
is a collection of teaching is an extension of hypertext, allowing users to
different types of media, designed using instructional navigate nonsequential digital content through links. It
technology and centered around a single topic enables users to explore information interactively by
(Smaldino, Lowther, & Russel, 2012). These kits are clicking hyperlinks to access related documents and
available in classrooms for teachers or learners, returning as needed. Unlike textbooks, hypermedia
either individually or in small groups. They can be presents information in small, interconnected units
teacher-made or commercially available, including rather than a continuous flow. Teachers can design
resources like videotapes, audiocassettes, board their own hypermedia to match their teaching styles
games, posters, flashcards, activity cards, puppets, and create interactive learning experiences.
and more (Smaldino, Russell, Heinich, & Molenda,
2005). Advantages of Hypermedia
Multimedia kits benefit both learners and teachers • Engages and sustains learners’ interest.
by making lessons more engaging, inspiring • Integrates various media (text, images, audio,
creativity, and enhancing curriculum-based learning. video) to enhance understanding.
However, improper use of these kits may reduce their • Helps learners see connections between different
effectiveness, especially for young learners ideas.
(Smaldino, Lowther, & Russel, 2012). • Allows individualized learning based on unique
These kits encourage cooperation and hands-on interests.
learning, as students can work in groups to • Encourages creativity and collaboration among
experiment, solve problems, and complete activities. teachers and students.
 Types of Multimedia
There are different types of multimedia. These are multimedia kits, hypermedia,
interactive
Hypermedia Interactive
media, and virtual reality
Limitations of Hypermedia Media
is a computer-based instructional method that
•Users may get lost due to a lack of structure. combines video and multimedia elements to create an
•Some learners may struggle with decision-making engaging learning environment. It allows learners to
on what to explore. interact with text, images, videos, and sounds, often
•Noninteractive—limited opportunities for practicestored in CD-ROMs or accessible online.
and feedback. Computers play a crucial role in interactive media,
•Can be complex and time-consuming, making it providing "intelligence" by responding to user inputs
difficult for some learners to navigate and and guiding the learning process. The integration of
understand. hypermedia and multimedia enhances interaction,
making lessons more engaging and adaptable.
Hypermedia provides an interactive and exploratory Advantages of Interactive Media
learning environment but requires careful • Combines multiple media formats (text, images,
implementation to avoid confusion and inefficiency. video, and sound) in an easy-to-use system.
• Promotes active learning and participation, even
for independent learners.
• Can be accessed anytime, at school or home,
individually or in groups.
• Offers stimulating experiences, especially in
subjects like science.
 Types of Multimedia
There are different types of multimedia. These are multimedia kits, hypermedia,
interactive
Interactive Virtual Reality
media, and virtual reality
Media (VR)
is a computer-based technology that provides
Limitations of Interactive Media simulated experiences, ranging from fully immersive
• High costs of discs and hardware. (using headsets and 3D environments) to partially
• Technology becomes outdated quickly, though immersive (using computers and joysticks). VR is used
Internet access has helped reduce costs. in education, military, and medical training, as well as
entertainment.
Interactive media enhances learning by making Types of Virtual Reality
education more engaging, flexible, and interactive, • Fully Immersive VR – Users wear headsets to
but accessibility and cost remain challenges. explore and interact with 3D environments.
• Partially Immersive VR – Simulated settings
using computers and joysticks (e.g., flight
simulators).
• Desktop VR – Allows students to navigate virtual
environments on a standard computer.
Advantages of Virtual Reality in Education
• Ensures student safety while exploring virtual
environments (e.g., jungles, space).
• Allows learners to visit places that are not feasible
in real life.
• Provides opportunities for experiments in simulated
 Types of Multimedia
There are different types of multimedia. These are multimedia kits, hypermedia,
interactive
media, and virtual reality
Virtual Reality (VR)

Limitations of Virtual Reality

• High costs of equipment and software.
• Complex technology that requires special setup and maintenance.
• Limited availability of educational VR software.
Integration of VR into Instruction
• Discovery-based learning in subjects like science allows learners to explore and
solve problems.
• Hypermedia can be used across all subjects to help learners organize and
synthesize information.
• Interactive media engages learners by allowing them to actively participate in
learning tasks.
• VR provides unique educational experiences, especially during pandemics or war,
when real-world exploration is not possible.