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Grid computing is a distributed computing model designed for large-scale tasks requiring diverse resources, while cloud computing offers on-demand access to computing resources over the internet. Key differences include resource ownership, scalability, and management, with cloud services being managed by providers and grid resources being shared among organizations. Both models serve different purposes, with grid computing focusing on high-performance tasks and cloud computing providing flexible, scalable services.

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Week_6_B

Grid computing is a distributed computing model designed for large-scale tasks requiring diverse resources, while cloud computing offers on-demand access to computing resources over the internet. Key differences include resource ownership, scalability, and management, with cloud services being managed by providers and grid resources being shared among organizations. Both models serve different purposes, with grid computing focusing on high-performance tasks and cloud computing providing flexible, scalable services.

Uploaded by

malikayan575
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Grid

Computing
What is a
Grid?

• Many definitions exist in the literature:

• “A computational grid is a hardware and software infrastructure


that provides dependable, consistent, pervasive (large
infrastructure), and inexpensive access to high-end computational
facilities”
• Foster and Kesselman, 1998
Grid computing (heterogeneous nodes) is designed for large-scale,
geographically distributed tasks that require access to diverse and
dispersed resources, making it suitable for complex scientific research
or projects that involve collaboration between multiple organizations
(virtual organization).

Cluster computing (Local Organization), on the other hand, is more


focused on parallel processing within a single organization or data
center, making it suitable for tasks that require low-latency
communication and high-speed data transfer between nodes
( Homogenous).
3-point checklist (Foster
2002)
1. Coordinates/Access of resources not subject to centralized control

In grid computing, resources are distributed and not subject to centralized control. They can be
owned and operated by different organizations or individuals.

2. Uses standard, open, general-purpose protocols


and interfaces

Grid computing typically relies on standard, open, and general-purpose protocols and
interfaces to ensure interoperability among different resources and systems.

3. Deliver non-trivial Qualities of Service (QOS)


• e.g., response time, throughput, availability, security

Achieving these QoS goals can be challenging in a distributed and decentralized


environment, so grid computing systems are designed to optimize and balance these
factors.
Grid
Architecture

Autonomous, globally distributed computers/clusters


Some of the Major Grid Projects
Name URL/Sponsor Focus
EuroGrid, Create tech for remote access to super
eurogrid.org
Grid Interoperability comp resources & simulation codes; in GRIP,
European Union integrate with Globus Toolkit™
(GRIP)
globus.org DARPA, Research on Grid technologies;
Globus Project™ DOE, NSF, NASA, development and support of Globus
Msoft Toolkit™; application and deployment

gridlab.org
GridLab Grid technologies and applications
European Union
Grid Simulation
tools
• GridSim – job scheduling
• SimGrid – single client multi-server scheduling
• Bricks – scheduling
• GangSim- Ganglia Virtual Organization(VO)
• OptoSim – Data Grid Simulations
• G3S – Grid Security services Simulator – security
services
Introduction to Cloud
Computing
Cloud computing is a technology and service model that involves delivering
computing resources and services over the internet. Instead of owning and
managing physical hardware and software, users and organizations can access
and use computing resources on a pay-as-you-go basis through cloud service
providers. Cloud computing offers various advantages, including scalability,
flexibility, cost efficiency, and accessibility.
What is Cloud
Computing?
• Cloud Computing is a general-term used to describe a new
class of network-based computing that takes place over the
Internet:

– a collection/group of integrated and networked hardware,


software and Internet infrastructure (called a platform).

– Using the Internet for communication and transport

• Hides complexity and details of the underlying


the
infrastructure
What is Cloud Computing?
• On demand services, that are always ON,
Anywhere, Anytime and Any place.

• Pay for use and as needed, elastic:


– scale up and down in capacity and
functionalities

• Shared pool of configurable computing


resources
Cloud vs Grid Computing
• Ownership of Resources:
• In cloud computing, resources are owned and managed by a cloud service provider
(e.g., Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud). Users access these
resources via the internet on a pay-as-you-go basis.
• Grid computing involves the sharing of computing resources, which can be
distributed across multiple organizations and locations. Resources are often owned
by the organizations themselves.
• Resource Scalability:
• Cloud computing provides on-demand scalability, allowing users to easily scale up or
down their resources based on their needs. Resources are provisioned dynamically.
• Grids are designed to aggregate and utilize existing resources efficiently. Scalability
may be achieved by adding more resources to the grid, but it involves coordination
among participating organizations.
Cloud vs Grid Computing
• Resource Pooling:
• Cloud providers maintain large pools of computing, storage, and networking resources.
Multiple users and organizations share these resources in a multi-tenant environment.
• Grid computing often involves a collaborative effort where participating organizations
contribute resources to a shared grid. Users rely on a decentralized infrastructure.

• Service Models:
• Cloud computing offers various service models, including Infrastructure as a Service
(IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS), catering to a wide
range of user needs.
• Grid computing focuses on high-performance computing and large-scale distributed
tasks, making it suitable for data-intensive scientific and engineering applications.
Cloud vs Grid Computing
• Management and Control:
• Users have less direct control over the underlying infrastructure in cloud computing. Management
responsibilities, such as server maintenance and updates, are often handled by the cloud provider.
• Users and organizations maintain control over their own resources in grid computing. Coordination,
job scheduling, and resource allocation are facilitated through middleware.
• Billing Model:
• Cloud computing typically follows a pay-as-you-go or subscription-based billing model, where users
pay for the resources they consume.
• Grid computing may involve cost-sharing or cooperative agreements among participating
organizations. There may not be a direct billing model as seen in cloud computing.
• Example:
• Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform, and Salesforce are examples of
cloud computing providers.
• The World Wide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG) used by CERN is an example of a grid computing system
for processing data from the Large Hadron Collider.
Cloud Summary

• A number of characteristics:
– Remotely hosted: Services or data are hosted on remote
infrastructure

– Accessibility: Services or data are available from


anywhere

– Commodified: The result is a utility computing model


similar traditional utilities, like gas and electricity - you pay
for what you would want!
Service Models
Service Models

•Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): Provides virtualized computing


resources like virtual machines, storage, and networking. Users can manage
the operating system and applications.
•Platform as a Service (PaaS): Offers a platform for developing, running,
and managing applications without dealing with the underlying infrastructure.
•Software as a Service (SaaS): Delivers software applications over the
internet. Users access the software through a web browser without needing to
install or maintain it.
Cloud Service Models
Cloud Providers

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